Macrophage-organoid co-culture model for identifying treatment strategies against macrophage-related gemcitabine resistance.

Background: Gemcitabine resistance (GR) is a significant clinical challenge in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) treatment. Macrophages in the tumor immune-microenvironment are closely related to GR. Uncovering the macrophage-induced GR mechanism could help devise a novel strategy to improve gemcitabine treatment outcomes in PAAD.

Black Phosphorus as a Targeting PPAR-γ Agonist to Reverse Chemoresistance in Patient-derived Organoids, Mice, and Pancreatic Tumor Cells.

Black phosphorus (BP) exhibits significant potential for clinical applications. However, further research is necessary to uncover the unknown biological functions of BP and broaden its applications across various fields. This study investigates the potential of BP as a targeting PPAR-γ agonist to overcome chemoresistance in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) using 2D and 3D cell lines, patient-derived organoids (PDOs), and mouse models.

Multiplexed Immunoassay Using Quantum Dots to Monitor Proteins Secreted from Single Cells at Near-Single Molecule Resolution.

Single-cell secretion studies find important applications in molecular diagnostics, therapeutic target identification, and basic biology research. One increasingly important area of research is non-genetic cellular heterogeneity, a phenomenon that can be studied by assessing secretion of soluble effector proteins from single cells. This is particularly impactful for immune cells, as secreted proteins such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors are the gold standard for identifying phenotype.

Crosstalk between 5-methylcytosine and N-methyladenosine machinery defines disease progression, therapeutic response and pharmacogenomic landscape in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Accumulated evidence highlights the significance of the crosstalk between epigenetic and epitranscriptomic mechanisms, notably 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and N-methyladenosine (mA). Herein, we conducted a widespread analysis regarding the crosstalk between 5mC and mA regulators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Pan-cancer genomic analysis of the crosstalk between 5mC and mA regulators was presented at transcriptomic, genomic, epigenetic, and other multi-omics levels.

Effects of three drying methods on polyphenol composition and antioxidant activities of Sonn.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three different drying methods, freeze drying (FD), vacuum drying (VD) and oven drying (OD) on phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of litchi fruits. 20 polyphenols were exactly identified in the litchi fruits by UPLC-QqQ/MS. Significant losses were observed in the contents of total polyphenols and antioxidant activities in the dried litchi when compared with the fresh litchi.

Visual detection of copper(II) ions in blood samples by controlling the leaching of protein-capped gold nanoparticles.

We have developed a simple, low-cost, paper-based probe for the selective colorimetric detection of copper ions (Cu(2+)) in aqueous solutions. The bovine serum albumin (BSA)-modified 13.3-nm Au nanoparticle (BSA-Au NP) probe was designed to detect Cu(2+) ions using lead ions (Pb(2+)) and 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) as leaching agents in a glycine-NaOH (pH 12.