Enhancing Bacillus cereus antibacterial ability through improved cofactor supply.

Bacillus cereus 0-9 is a biocontrol microorganism that antagonizes Gram-positive bacteria and pathogenic fungi, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Gaeumannomyces graminis, through the secretion of antimicrobial peptides. However, its low antibacterial activity limits its biocontrol application. In this study, a significant enhancement in antibacterial activity against S.

Label-Free Liquid Crystal Biosensor Based on Split Aptamers for Detecting Serum Myoglobin.

Myoglobin (Mb) is a critical cytoplasmic heme protein and one of the earliest detectable biomarkers following acute myocardial infarction (MI). The rapid and precise detection of serum Mb holds significant clinical value. This study capitalizes on the advantages of a split aptamer (Apt) sequence, which is short and effectively minimizes false-positive signals caused by the secondary structure of the probe.

Understanding nursing students' first experience of patient death in clinical practice: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis.

Background: Witnessing patient death for the first time poses significant challenges for nursing students. Understanding their experiences can inform improvements in educational and support strategies within nursing programs.

Aim: This qualitative systematic review aimed to examines nursing students' initial encounters with patient death, emphasizing their perceptions, emotional responses, and coping mechanisms.

Aldose reductase has a function in salt tolerance of wheat.

Aldose reductase (ALR) is closely related to the plant's response to abiotic stresses. Previous transcriptome data from the salt-tolerant Tritipyrum Y1805 indicated that an ALR-related gene was highly upregulated under salt stress. The gene, TtALR1, was successfully cloned from Y1805, with a coding sequence length of 960 bp.

Angiopoietin-like protein 4 dysregulation in kidney diseases: a promising biomarker and therapeutic target.

The global burden of renal diseases is increasingly severe, underscoring the need for in-depth exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying renal disease progression and the development of potential novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in the regulation of key biological processes, such as glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, vascular permeability, and angiogenesis, all of which play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Over the past 2 decades, ANGPTL4 has been regarded as playing a pivotal role in the progression of various kidney diseases, prompting significant interest from the scientific community regarding its potential clinical utility in renal disorders.

The value of quantitative susceptibility mapping and morphometry in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism.

Background And Purpose: Differentiating Parkinson's Disease (PD) from Atypical Parkinsonism Syndrome (APS), including Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), is challenging, and there is no gold standard. Integrating quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and morphometry can help differentiate PD from APS and improve the internal diagnosis of APS.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 55 patients with PD, 17 with MSA-parkinsonian type (MSA-P), 15 with MSA-cerebellar type (MSA-C), and 14 with PSP.

Development of a predictive model for postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of a Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for postoperative major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs) in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery and to develop a nomogram risk prediction model.

Methods: A total of 427 elderly patients aged ≥ 65 years who underwent major abdominal surgery at our hospital between June 2023 and March 2024 were selected for the study, and 416 patients were ultimately included. The preoperative SPPB score was measured, and the patients were divided into two groups: a high SPPB group (≥ 10) and a low SPPB group (< 10).

Cell competition drives bronchiolization and pulmonary fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive respiratory scarring disease arising from the maladaptive differentiation of lung stem cells into bronchial epithelial cells rather than into alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells, which are responsible for gas exchange. Here, we report that healthy lungs maintain their stem cells through tonic Hippo and β-catenin signaling, which promote Yap/Taz degradation and allow for low-level expression of the Wnt target gene Myc. Inactivation of upstream activators of the Hippo pathway in lung stem cells inhibits this tonic β-catenin signaling and Myc expression and promotes their Taz-mediated differentiation into AT1 cells.

Hydrogen peroxide participates in leaf senescence by inhibiting CHLI1 activity.

Hydrogen peroxide promoted leaf senescence by sulfenylating the magnesium chelating protease I subunit (CHLI1) in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway, and inhibited its activity to reduce chlorophyll synthesis. Leaf senescence is the final and crucial stage of plant growth and development, during which chlorophyll experiences varying degrees of destruction. It is well-known that the higher ROS accumulation is a key factor for leaf senescence, but whether and how ROS regulates chlorophyll synthesis in the process are unknown.

Ketone-functionalized conjugated organic polymers boost red-light-driven molecular oxygen-mediated oxygenation.

Photocatalytic molecular oxygen activation has emerged as a valuable tool for organic synthesis, environmental remediation and energy conversion. Most reported instances have relied on high-energy light sources. Herein, 9-fluorenone-functionalized porous organic polymers (POPs) were reported to enable red-light-excited photocatalysis for the organic oxygenation reaction.

Intercropping improves faba bean photosynthesis and reduces disease caused by Fusarium commune and cinnamic acid-induced stress.

Modern intensive cropping systems often contribute to the accumulation of phenolic acids in the soil, which promotes the development of soilborne diseases. This can be suppressed by intercropping. This study analyzed the effects of intercropping on Fusarium wilt based on its effect on photosynthesis under stress by the combination of Fusarium commune and cinnamic acid.

Mutual Information Guided Diffusion for Zero-Shot Cross-Modality Medical Image Translation.

Cross-modality data translation has attracted great interest in medical image computing. Deep generative models show performance improvement in addressing related challenges. Nevertheless, as a fundamental challenge in image translation, the problem of zero-shot learning cross-modality image translation with fidelity remains unanswered.

Frailty phenotype as mediator between systemic inflammation and osteoporosis and fracture risks: A prospective study.

Background: Systemic inflammation and frailty have been implicated in osteoporosis (OP) and fracture risks; however, existing evidence remains limited and inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the associations of systemic inflammation and frailty phenotype with incident OP and fracture and to evaluate the mediating role of frailty phenotype.

Methods: The present study analysed data from the UK Biobank, a comprehensive and representative dataset encompassing over 500 000 individuals from the general population.

Early-life tobacco smoke elevating later-life osteoporosis risk: Mediated by telomere length and interplayed with genetic predisposition.

Introduction: The growing prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) in an aging global population presents a significant public health concern. Tobacco smoke negatively affects bone turnover, leading to reduced bone mass and heightened OP and fracture risk. However, the impact of early-life tobacco smoke exposure on later-life OP risk remains unclear.

Structural characteristics of β-glucans from various sources and their influences on the short- and long-term starch retrogradation in wheat flour.

Beta-glucans possess the ability of retarding starch retrogradation. However, β-glucans from different sources might show various influences on retrogradation process and the structure-function relationships of β-glucans related to the feature still remains unclear. In the study, the β-glucans from oat (OG), highland barley (HBG), and yeast (YG) were selected.

Pathogen-induced methylglyoxal negatively regulates rice bacterial blight resistance by inhibiting OsCDR1 protease activity.

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial blight (BB), a globally devastating disease of rice (Oryza sativa) that is responsible for significant crop loss. Sugars and sugar metabolites are important for pathogen infection, providing energy and regulating events associated with defense responses; however, the mechanisms by which they regulate such events in BB are unclear.

Human Disturbance Increases Health Risks to Golden Snub-Nosed Monkeys and the Transfer Risk of Pathogenic Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria from Golden Snub-Nosed Monkeys to Humans.

From the perspective of interactions in the human-animal-ecosystem, the study and control of pathogenic bacteria that can cause disease in animals and humans is the core content of "One Health". In order to test the effect of human disturbance (HD) on the health risk of pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria (PARBs) to wild animals and transfer risk of the PARBs from wild animals to humans, golden snub-nosed monkeys () were used as sentinel animals. Metagenomic analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of PARBs in the gut microbiota of golden snub-nosed monkeys.

Whole-body aging mediates the association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and osteoarthritis among U.S. middle-to-old-aged adults.

Background: Humans are constantly exposed to various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) because of their widespread sources and characteristic of easy evaporation. Existing evidence regarding the association between VOC exposure and osteoarthritis (OA) risk is limited.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the associations between individual urinary VOC metabolites (VOCMs) and the VOCM mixture, representing internal exposure levels of VOCs, with prevalent OA risk and to explore the mediating effect of aging and oxidative stress (OS) in these associations.

Atomistic Construction of Silicon Nitride Ceramic Fiber Molecular Model and Investigation of Its Mechanical Properties Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Molecular simulations are currently receiving significant attention for their ability to offer a microscopic perspective that explains macroscopic phenomena. An essential aspect is the accurate characterization of molecular structural parameters and the development of realistic numerical models. This study investigates the surface morphology and elemental distribution of silicon nitride fibers through TEM and EDS, and SEM and EDS analyses.