Employing a PhI(OAc)-mediated domino reaction to assemble nitrogen-containing heterocyclic derivatives and assessing their anti-inflammatory activity.

Metal-free radical cascade synthesis of substituted pyrazole derivatives was initiated by PhI(OAc) at 23 °C. This protocol features wide functional group tolerance, a simple purification process without column chromatography, and an oxygen migration. Compound 5 demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity, indicating potential for therapy.

Instrumental variables in real-world clinical studies of dementia and neurodegenerative disease: Systematic review of the subject-matter argumentation, falsification test, and study design strategies to justify a valid instrument.

Objectives: We systematically reviewed how investigators argued for and justified the validity of their instrumental variables (IV) in clinical studies of dementia and neurodegenerative disease.

Methods: We included studies using IV analysis with observational data to investigate causal effects in clinical research studies of dementia and neurodegenerative disease. We reported the subject-matter argumentation, falsification test, and study design strategies used to satisfy the three assumptions of a valid IV: relevance, exclusion restriction, and exchangeability.

Durable Complete Response to Pembrolizumab in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Divergent Microsatellite Status: A Case Report.

Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is widely believed to be a biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as pembrolizumab in solid tumors. However, due to the low prevalence of MSI-H in most cancers, it tends to be insufficient to identify whether patients should receive ICIs according to this biomarker alone. Here, we report a Chinese esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patient with unusual divergent MSI status between the primary lesion (MSS) and metastatic lesion (MSI-H) which developed after platinum-based therapy and radiotherapy.

High burden of cerebral white matter lesion in 9 Asian cities.

Age-related white matter lesion (WML) is considered a manifestation of sporadic cerebral small vessel disease and an important pathological substrate for dementia. Asia is notable for its large population with a looming dementia epidemic. Yet, the burden of WML and its associated risk factors across different Asian societies are unknown.

Small Vessel Disease and Associations with Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid, Tau, and Neurodegeneration (ATN) Biomarkers and Cognition in Young Onset Dementia.

Background: Small vessel disease (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) frequently coexist; however, it remains unclear how they collectively affect cognition.

Objective: We investigated associations between SVD and AD biomarkers, namely amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration (ATN) in young onset dementia (YOD) and explored how SVD and ATN interact to affect cognition.

Methods: 80 YOD individuals were recruited from a memory clinic.

Serial position effects differ between Alzheimer's and vascular features in mild cognitive impairment.

Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) exhibit varying serial position effect (SPE) performances. The relationship between SPE performance in word list recall and clinical, genetic, and neuroimaging features of MCI requires elucidation. 119 MCI and 68 cognitively normal (CN) participants underwent cognitive assessment, apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotyping, and volumetric MRI brain scans processed via voxel-based morphometry.