The regular use of calcium channel blockers before flexible URS appears to facilitate primary UAS insertion: a retrospective study in a single center.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of regular use of CCB before flexible URS for successful primary UAS insertion.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 209 patients who underwent flexible ureteroscopy (URS) for upper urinary tract calculi between Jan 2021 and Dec 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether calcium channel blockers (CCB) were used (n = 72) or not (n = 137).

Comparison of pre-indwelling double-J stents versus ureteral catheters for artificial hydronephrosis in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of pre-indwelling double-J stents versus ureteral catheters for artificial hydronephrosis in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1,258 patients who underwent PCNL for kidney stones from August 2017 to July 2020 in our hospital. Among them, 682 patients had double-J stents inserted (DJ group) and 576 patients had ureteral catheters (UC group).

Digital gene expression analysis of corky split vein caused by boron deficiency in 'Newhall' Navel Orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) for selecting differentially expressed genes related to vascular hypertrophy.

Corky split vein caused by boron (B) deficiency in 'Newhall' Navel Orange was studied in the present research. The boron-deficient citrus exhibited a symptom of corky split vein in mature leaves. Morphologic and anatomical surveys at four representative phases of corky split veins showed that the symptom was the result of vascular hypertrophy.