Foliar uptake, translocation and its contribution to Cadmium accumulation in rice.

Rice may absorb Cadmium (Cd) from the air through its leaves. The process of Cd foliar absorption, accumulation, and redistribution is yet unknown, nevertheless. In this study, the process of Cd absorption from rice leaves and its accumulation and redistribution during all stages of the rice plant's growth were examined.

Research progress on the impact and mechanisms of different passivators on soil organic carbon transformation.

Passivators can reduce the bioavailability and mobility of heavy metals by forming stable complexes or precipitates, and achieve the remediation of heavy metal-polluted soil. Organic carbon is an important parameter reflecting soil quality and health. Organic carbon transformation process plays a decisive role in atmospheric chemistry and global carbon cycling, and is affected by land use ways, agronomic measures, and restoration activities.

Rapid assessment of heavy metal accumulation capability of Sedum alfredii using hyperspectral imaging and deep learning.

Hyperaccumulators are the material basis and key to the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Conventional methods for screening hyperaccumulators are highly dependent on the time- and labor-consuming sampling and chemical analysis. In this study, a novel spectral approach assisted with multi-task deep learning was proposed to streamline accumulating ecotype screening, heavy metal stress discrimination, and heavy metals quantification in plants.

Silicon and selenium alleviate cadmium toxicity in Artemisia selengensis Turcz by regulating the plant-rhizosphere.

Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution has emerged as a pressing concern due to its deleterious impacts on both plant physiology and human well-being. Silicon (Si) is renowned for its ability to mitigate excessive Cd accumulation within plant cells and reduce the mobility of Cd in soil, whereas Selenium (Se) augments plant antioxidant capabilities and promotes rhizosphere microbial activity. However, research focusing on the simultaneous utilization of Si and Se to ameliorate plant Cd toxicity through multiple mechanisms within the plant-rhizosphere remains comparatively limited.

Co-foliar application of zinc and nano-silicon to rice helps in reducing cadmium exposure risk: Investigations through in-vitro digestion with human cell line bioavailability assay.

Foliar application of zinc (Zn) or silicon nanoparticles (Si-NPs) may exert regulatory effects on cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice grains, however, their impact on Cd bioavailability during human rice consumption remains elusive. This study comprehensively investigated the application of Zn with or without Si-NPs in reducing Cd accumulation in rice grains as well to exactly evaluate the potential risk of Cd exposure resulting from the rice consumption by employing field experiment as well laboratory bioaccessibility and bioavailability assay. Sole Zn (ZnSO) or in combination with Si (ZnSO +Si and ZnO+Si) efficiently lowered the Cd concentration in rice grains.

Seed nano-priming with multiple nanoparticles enhanced the growth parameters of lettuce and mitigated cadmium (Cd) bio-toxicity: An advanced technique for remediation of Cd contaminated environments.

Seed nano-priming can be used as an advanced technology for enhancing seed germination, plant growth, and crop productivity; however, the potential role of seed nano-priming in ameliorative cadmium (Cd) bio-toxicity under Cd stress has not yet been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, in this study we investigated the beneficial impacts of seed priming with low (L) and high (H) concentrations of nanoparticles including nSiO (50/100 mg L), nTiO (20/60 mg L), nZnO (50/100 mg L), nFeO (100/200 mg L), nCuO (50/100 mg L), and nCeO (50/100 mg L) on lettuce growth and antioxidant enzyme activities aiming to assess their efficacy for enhancing plant growth and reducing Cd phytotoxicity. The results showed a significant increase in plant growth, biomass production, antioxidant enzyme activities, and photosynthetic efficiency in lettuce treated with nano-primed nSiH + Cd (100 mg L), nTiH + Cd (60 mg L), and nZnL + Cd (50 mg L) under Cd stress.

Current situation of "non-grain production" of cultivated land in China and the research progress of re-tillage and fertilization technology.

In recent years, the influx of business capital to rural areas, land transfer and adjustment in planting structure have led to the widespread of "non-grain production" of cultivated land in China, which threatens the "1.8 billion mu of arable land protection red line" as well as national food security. Both tillage layer stripped and unstripped are examples of "non-grain production" of cultivated land, which are detrimental to long-term food security because they might reduce soil fertility to varied degrees.

Effect of foliar application of nanoparticles on growth, physiology, and antioxidant enzyme activities of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) plants under cadmium toxicity.

Nanotechnology has attracted the interest of scientists due to its wide range of application specifically in agriculture. Nanoparticles (NPs) may act as a promising materials to alleviate cadmium (Cd) stress in plants. This study aims to assess the impact of multiple nanoparticles including nSiO (50 mg L:100 mg L), nTiO (20 mg L:60 mg L), nZnO (50 mg L:100 mg L), nFeO (100 mg L:200 mg L), nCuO (50 mg L:100 mg L), and nCeO (50 mg L:100 mg L) in combination with CdCl (5 µM) to mitigate Cd toxicity in lettuce through foliar application in hydroponic solution.

Effects of different remediation methods on phosphorus transformation and availability.

The effects of different heavy metal pollution remediation methods on soil nutrient transformation and soil health remain unclear. In this study, the effects of phytoextraction (PE) and passivation remediation (PR) on Cd-polluted soil phosphorus transformation and availability were compared by pot experiment. The results showed that PE significantly reduced the concentrations of total and available Cd (both HO-Cd and DTPA-Cd) in soil, PR also decreased available Cd content but had no significant effect on total Cd content.

From promoting aggregation to enhancing obstruction: A negative feedback regulatory mechanism of alleviation of trivalent chromium toxicity by silicon in rice.

Trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] is a threat to the environment and crop production. Silicon (Si) has been shown to be effective in mitigating Cr(III) toxicity in rice. However, the mechanisms by which Si reduces Cr(III) uptake in rice are unclear.

Cadmium mobility and health risk assessment in the soil-rice-human system using in vitro biaccessibility and in vivo bioavailability assay: Two year field experiment.

Humans are mainly exposed to cadmium (Cd) due to the rice consumption, however there exist considerable differences across rice cultivars in terms of Cd absorption and accumulation in the grains, and subsequent release after digestion (bioaccessibility), as well as uptake by Caco-2 cells of humans (bioavailability). This study comprised of field and lab simulation trials where in the field, firstly 39 mid-rice cultivars were screened for their phytoremediation potential coupled with safe production in relation to uptake and translocation of Cd. Lower Cd concentrations (˂0.

Soil texture is an easily overlooked factor affecting the temperature sensitivity of NO emissions.

As a potent greenhouse gas, soil nitrous oxide (NO) is strongly stimulated by rising temperature, triggering a positive feedback effect of global warming. However, its temperature sensitivity varies greatly among soils with different physical and chemical characteristics, while associated mechanisms remain unknown. Here we performed a meta-analysis of the effect of warming on NO emission and found distinctions in the response of NO to temperature increase in soils with different textures.

Core Microbiota in the Rhizosphere of Heavy Metal Accumulators and Its Contribution to Plant Performance.

Persistent microbial symbioses can confer greater fitness to their host under unfavorable conditions, but manipulating such beneficial interactions necessitates a mechanistic understanding of the consistently important microbiomes for the plant. Here, we examined the phylogenetic profiles and plant-beneficial traits of the core microbiota that consistently inhabits the rhizosphere of four divergent Cd hyperaccumulators and an accumulator. We evidenced the existence of a conserved core rhizosphere microbiota in each plant distinct from that in the non-hyperaccumulating plant.

The involvement of nitric oxide and ethylene on the formation of endodermal barriers in response to Cd in hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii.

Nitric oxide (NO) and ethylene are both important signaling molecules which participate in numerous plant development processes and environmental stress resistance. Here, we investigate whether and how NO interacts with ethylene during the development of endodermal barriers that have major consequences for the apoplastic uptake of cadmium (Cd) in the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. In response to Cd, an increased NO accumulation, while a decrease in ethylene production was observed in the roots of S.

Positive effects of applying endophytic bacteria in eggplant-Sedum intercropping system on Cd phytoremediation and vegetable production in cadmium polluted greenhouse.

The combination of intercropping and phytoremediation in the remediation of cadmium contaminated soil is an emerging model in recent years, but the results of previous studies are inconsistent. In the field experiment, eggplant was intercropped with hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance (inoculated or not inoculated with endophytic bacteria) to study the effects of intercropping on vegetable safety production, phytoremediation efficiency of hyperaccumulator and variation of soil available nutrients. The results showed that the intercropping treatment had a negative effect on the growth of eggplant and Sedum, but endophyte SaMR12 alleviated the inhibition of intercropping on plant growth.

Integrated glycolysis and pyrolysis process for multiple utilization and cadmium collection of hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii.

Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly method to treat cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils, however, there is still a lack of safe disposal methods of harvested hyperaccumulators. In this study, by integrating glycolysis and pyrolysis, we investigated the possibility of bioproduct production and Cd collection from the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. By means of acid-alkali pretreatment, the degree of cellulose polymerization was reduced by 36.

The Cd phytoextraction potential of hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii-oilseed rape intercropping system under different soil types and comprehensive benefits evaluation under field conditions.

Soil trace elements (TEs) contamination has become a worldwide problem in arable lands and poses great risk to human health via food chain. Intercropping of hyperaccumulator and cash crops is now proposed as a promising alternative phytoremediation technique to address the issue. However, the effect of intercropping in different soil types and field-scale benefits evaluation are rarely reported.

Exposure of cerium oxide nanoparticles to the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii decreases the uptake of cadmium via the apoplastic pathway.

Cadmium (Cd) is harmful to the environment and threatens human health. With the increasing use of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeONPs) in extensive industries, investigating the combination of CeONPs and plants has attracted research interests for phytoremediation. Here, we explored the effects of CeONPs on Cd uptake, transport and the consequent Cd accumulation in Sedum alfredii.

Loss of organic carbon in suburban soil upon urbanization of Chengdu megacity, China.

Urbanization is progressing rapidly. It can affect soils ecosystem services directly through land management and indirectly through changes in the socioeconomic environment, which eventually leads to an increase in emissions of greenhouse gases. Soil carbon (C) sequestration plays an important role in offsetting the anthropogenic C emissions.

The influence of elevated CO on bacterial community structure and its co-occurrence network in soils polluted with CrO nanoparticles.

Elevated CO (eCO) and nanoparticles release are considered among the most noteworthy global concerns as they may impose negative effects on human health and ecosystem functioning. A mechanistic understanding of their combined impacts on soil microbiota is essential due to the profound eCO effect on soil biogeochemical processes. In this study, the impacts of CrO nanoparticles (nano-CrO) on the activity, structure and co-occurrence networks of bacterial communities under ambient and eCO were compared between a clay loam and a sandy loam soil.

Silicon alleviates salt stress-induced potassium deficiency by promoting potassium uptake and translocation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Under salt stress, plants suffer from potassium (K) deficiency caused by excess salts in growth substrate. Silicon (Si) can promote K status in many plant species under salt stress, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the effects of Si on K homeostasis in rice under salt stress and investigated the mechanisms behind using two low-Si rice mutants (lsi1 and lsi2) and their wild types (WTs).