Establishment and application of TaqMan probe-based quantitative real-time PCR for rapid detection and quantification of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in farming environments and fish tissues.

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a pathogenic ciliate, is a crucial pathogen of freshwater fish and can result in severe economic loss in the aquaculture industry worldwide. It is necessary to develop a sensitive and accurate method for detecting I. multifiliis in farming environments and fish skin and gills to protect fishes from infection of the parasite due to a lack of both safe and effective treatment drugs.

Evaluation of the potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis isolated from darkbarbel catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) on growth performance, serum immunity, and disease resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila.

This study aimed to identify potential probiotic strains of Bacillus subtilis from healthy fish gut microbiota for application in aquaculture. The effects of dietary B. subtilis administration on growth performance, serum enzyme activity, immune gene expression, and disease resistance in darkbarbel catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) were investigated.

Immunotoxicity of microplastics and polychlorinated biphenyls alone or in combination to Crassostrea gigas.

Microplastics (MPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are pervasive pollutants in the marine environment, exerting adverse effects on marine organisms. While it is suggested that their exposure may compromise the immune responses of marine organisms, the cumulative immunotoxic effects remain uncertain. Additionally, the intricate mechanisms underlying the immunotoxicity of PCBs and MPs in marine organisms are not yet fully comprehended.

Antiparasitical efficacy of sophoraflavanone G isolated from Sophora flavescens against parasitic protozoa Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a global distributed protozoan parasite, causes "White spot disease" and leads to serious mortality of freshwater fish in aquaculture. The present study was conducted to assess the anti-I. multifiliis efficacy of active compound isolated from Sophora flavescens.

Antiparasitic Efficacy of Crude Plant Extracts and Compounds Purified from Plants against the Fish Monogenean Neobenedenia girellae.

Neobenedenia girellae is a pathogenic ectoparasite of many marine fishes, and it causes major epidemics in marine aquaculture. In this study, the efficacy of ethanol extracts of huangqi Astragalus membranaceus (known as milkvetch in North America), guanzhong Dryopteris setosa (known as beaded wood fern in North America), gancao Glycyrrhiza uralensis (known as Chinese licorice in North America), danshen Salvia miltiorrhiza (known as red sage in North America), and pomegranate Punica granatum, as well as seven phytochemicals (10-gingerol, curcumin, cynatratoside-C, emodin, kuwanon-G, kuwanon-O, and sophoraflavanone-G), against adult N. girellae was investigated.

The transcriptional factor GATA-4 negatively regulates Hsp70 transcription in Crassostrea hongkongensis.

To better explore the application potential of heat shock protein Hsp70s in diverse areas including biomonitoring, a further investigation of the details of the regulatory mechanism governing Hsp70 transcription is required. A transcriptional factor ChGATA-4 that displayed affinity to the ChHsp70 promoter of Crassostrea hongkongensis was isolated and identified by DNA affinity purification as well as mass spectrometry analysis. The ChGATA-4 cDNA is 2162 bp in length and the open reading frame encodes a polypeptide containing 482 amino acids with a conserved zinc finger domain.

Efficacy and antiparasitic mechanism of 10-gingerol isolated from ginger Zingiber officinale against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp.

Ichthyophthirius multifiliis is a ciliate parasite of freshwater fish with a global distribution and results in severe economic losses in aquaculture. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and antiparasitic mechanism of active compounds isolated from Zingiber officinale against I. multifiliis.

Molecular characterization, expression analysis, and ontogeny of complement component C9 in southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis).

The complement system plays an important role in host defense against invading microorganisms. Complement component C9 is the last component that is involved in the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) on the surface of target cells. In the present study, the full length C9 cDNA sequence of 1984 bp with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1809 bp was cloned from southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis).

The guanine nucleotide-binding protein α subunit protein ChGnaq positively regulates Hsc70 transcription in Crassostrea hongkongensis.

Gnaq, one of Guanine nucleotide-binding protein α subunits, was isolated from cellular nucleus extracts of oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis gills with biotin-labeled ChHsc70 promoter by means of DNA-affinity purification, and preliminarily identified with mass spectrometry analysis. ChGnaq mRNA depletion by RNAi technique led to clear reduction in ChHsc70 mRNA expression of C. hongkongensis hemocytes.

The transcriptional factor YB-1 positively regulates Hsc70 transcription in Crassostrea hongkongensis.

A Y-box binding protein ChYB-1 was discovered as a ChHsc70 promoter-associated protein in Crassostrea hongkongensis by DNA-affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis. The overexpression of ChYB-1 in heterologous HEK293T cells led to clear enhancement of ChHsc70 promoter expression, while ChYB-1 depletion correlated with significant reduction of ChHsc70 transcription in the hemocytes of C. hongkongensis.