Qualitative and quantitative analysis of triterpenoids in different tissues of Pulsatilla chinensis.

Pulsatilla chinensis (P.chinensis) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of intestinal amebiasis diseases, vaginal trichomoniasis and bacterial infections. Tritepenoid saponins were important components of P.

Modified Dingchuan Decoction treats cough-variant asthma by suppressing lung inflammation and regulating the lung microbiota.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Modified Dingchuan Decoction (MDD) is a Chinese medicine formula containing 11 materials with cough suppression, asthma relief, and anti-inflammatory effects.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MDD on cough-variant asthma (CVA) and to investigate its mechanism of action.

Materials And Methods: The chemical constituents of MDD were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS).

Exploring the Mechanism of Action of et Folium for Depression Based on Experiments: Combining Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Objective: To reveal the safety, efficacy, and mechanism of action of et Folium (TCEF) for treating depression.

Methods: The maximum dose method was employed to evaluate the safety of TCEF, and its antidepressant activity was assessed using the tail suspension and sugar water depletion tests. The main components of TCEF were determined using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole exactive orbitrap mass spectrometer (UHPLC-Q-EOMS).

improves high-fat diet- and vitamin D3-induced atherosclerosis in rats by remodeling intestinal flora homeostasis.

Usnea has various pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant, antiviral, and cardiovasculoprotective effects. To investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the anti-atherosclerosis (AS) activity of ethanol extract (UEE) the regulation of intestinal flora. The chemical composition of UEE was determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-EOMS).

Differential Response of Ileal and Colonic Microbiota in Rats with High-Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis.

Growing evidence suggests that gut microbiota are associated with atherosclerosis (AS). However, the functional heterogeneity of each gut segment gives rise to regional differences in gut microbiota. We established a rat model of AS by feeding the rats a high-fat diet for a long period.

Pharmacokinetic Study of Conjugated Equine Estrogens in Healthy Chinese Postmenopausal Women Using a Parallel Two-Column LC-MS/MS Method.

Unlabelled: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Postmenopausal women often require estrogen supplementation to improve menopausal and postmenopausal vasomotor symptoms and maintain hormonal balance. Conjugated equine estrogens extracted from the urine of pregnant mares are commonly used to provide this estrogen replacement therapy. The complex composition of this mixture of animal sulfated metabolites makes its bioanalysis challenging such that its detailed pharmacokinetics has not been fully characterized.

Computational approach to decode the mechanism of curcuminoids against neuropathic pain.

Background: Curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) are the main components of turmeric that commonly used to treat neuropathic pain (NP). However, the mechanism of the therapy is not sufficiently clarified. Herein, network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) approaches were used to investigate the mechanism of curcuminoids for NP treatment.

Marked Response of Rat Ileal and Colonic Microbiota After the Establishment of Alzheimer's Disease Model With Bilateral Intraventricular Injection of Aβ (1-42).

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. More evidence has shown that gut microbiota is closely associated with AD. Also, studies have shown that the distribution of gut microbiota vary in different sections of the intestine.

Qisheng Wan formula ameliorates cognitive impairment of Alzheimer's disease rat via inflammation inhibition and intestinal microbiota regulation.

Ethnopharmacology Relevance: Qisheng Wan formula (QWF) was first described in the book Sheng Ji Zong Lu in 1117. The book states that QWF can cure forgetfulness, improve the mind, and make people smart. Hence, QWF has been widely used to treat patients with forgetfulness or dementia.

Antidepressant effects of total iridoids of via the intestinal flora-blood-brain barrier pathway.

Context: Jones [syn. DC, (Valerianaceae)] (VJJ) is used to treat depression.

Objective: To explore the effects of total iridoids of VJJ extract (TIV) on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in mice.

UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Serum Metabolomics Reveals the Anti-Ischemic Stroke Mechanism of Nuciferine in MCAO Rats.

Nuciferine is an aporphine alkaloid monomer that is extracted from the leaves of the lotus species and Gaertn. Nuciferine was reported to treat cerebrovascular diseases. However, the potential mechanism of the neuroprotective effects of nuciferine at the metabolomics level is still not unclear.

Genetic characteristics of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small animals and livestock in Jiangxi Province, China, 2002-2015.

Background: Leptospirosis is one of the most important neglected tropical bacterial diseases worldwide. However, there is limited information on the genetic diversity and host selectivity of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small mammal populations.

Methodology/principal Findings: Jiangxi Province, located in southern China, is a region highly endemic for leptospirosis.

Poly-pharmacokinetic strategy-delineated metabolic fate of bioactive compounds in a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Yuanhu Zhitong tablets, using parallel reaction monitoring mode.

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of eight constituents in Yuanhu Zhitong tablets, which may provide a method for the poly-pharmacokinetic study of traditional Chinese medicine.

Methods: A robust platform using Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ UltiMate™ 3000 rapid separation LC, integrated with Thermo Scientific™ Q Exactive™ MS, was developed and validated to acquire, in a high-resolution full-scan mode, a global profile of all ionized components in rat plasma after oral administration of a suspension of Yuanhu Zhitong tablets.

Results: This robust UPLC-HRMS method was successfully applied for pharmacokinetic evaluation after oral administration of Yuanhu Zhitong tablets.

Simultaneous determination of carboprost methylate and its active metabolite carboprost in dog plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with positive/negative ion-switching electrospray ionization and its application to a pharmacokinetic study.

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method using positive/negative electrospray ionization (ESI) switching for the simultaneous quantitation of carboprost methylate and carboprost in dog plasma has been developed and validated. After screening, the esterase inhibitor, dichlorvos was added to the whole blood at a ratio of 1:99 (v/v) to stabilize carboprost methylate during blood collection, sample storage and LLE. Indomethacin was added to plasma to inhibit prostaglandins synthesis after sampling.

[Fragmentation pathways of five estrogens using electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry].

The fragmentation pathways of five estrogens (estradiol, estrone, equilin sulfate, 17 a-dihydroequilin sulfate and equilenin sulfate) have been studied with high resolution and high mass accuracy using electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOF/MS) in the negative ion mode. Molecular weights were obtained from [M-H](-) ions in the product ion spectra. The results indicate that the five structurally similar estrogens have similar fragmentation pathways.