The Association Between the Hemodynamics in Anomalous Origins of Coronary Arteries and Atherosclerosis: A Preliminary Case Study Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Patients with anomalous coronary artery origins (AOCA) exhibit a higher risk of atherosclerosis, where even minimal stenosis may lead to adverse cardiovascular events. However, the factors contributing to this heightened risk in AOCA patients remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether an AOCA patient is more prone to stenosis occurrence and its progression in view of hemodynamics.

Standardizing plaque impact on overall coronary hemodynamics using a binomial equation based on the equivalent energy loss.

This study proposes a novel method for evaluating the risk of adverse events (AE) in patients with coronary stenosis based on the morphology and hemodynamics along a whole coronary artery. Twenty-eight specific coronary artery tree models with different stenotic degrees are established from the CCTA images and divided into AE group and Non-AE group. Pressures are obtained by computational fluid dynamics method.

A comparative study of storage solutions on the biomechanical preservation of human saphenous veins.

Storage solutions have a significant impact on the physiological properties of saphenous veins (SV), yet their effects on the biomechanics remained unclear. This study investigated how different storage solutions affect the biomechanical properties of SV. The goal was to find a solution that minimally impacts SV biomechanics, providing an effective method for SV preservation.

Hypertension-Induced Biomechanical Modifications in the Aortic Wall and Their Role in Stanford Type B Aortic Dissection.

Objective: Hypertension is a major risk factor for the type B aortic dissection (TBAD), while many patients do not manage or regulate their hypertension consistently, leading to stable or unstable hypertension. Currently, the effects of stable and unstable hypertension on the biomechanical properties of the aorta remain unclear. The objective was to identify a blood pressure state that represents a greater risk for TBAD development.

The impact of different degrees of stenosis on platelet deposition in the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of different stenotic degrees on platelet deposition in the left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery.

Methods: The idealized model of coronary artery stenosis of 30 %, 40 %, 50 %, 60 %, 70 % and four patient-specific models of 22.17 %, 34.

Hemodynamic influence of mild stenosis morphology in different coronary arteries: a computational fluid dynamic modelling study.

Mild stenosis [degree of stenosis (DS) < 50%] is commonly labeled as nonobstructive lesion. Some lesions remain stable for several years, while others precipitate acute coronary syndromes (ACS) rapidly. The causes of ACS and the factors leading to diverse clinical outcomes remain unclear.

A new computational fluid dynamics based noninvasive assessment of portacaval pressure gradient.

Accurate assessment of portacaval pressure gradient (PCG) in patients with portal hypertension (PH) is of great significance both for diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to develop a noninvasive method for assessing PCG in PH patients and evaluate its accuracy and effectiveness. This study recruited 37 PH patients treated with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS).

A streamlined controlled-expansion covered tapered stent for TIPS in the treatment of PHT.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) relieves cirrhotic complications by reducing portacaval pressure gradient (PCG), but it lacks precision in achieving a targeted post-TIPS PCG simply through diameter adjustment of equal diameter stents. This study aimed to present a controlled-expansion, streamlined, and covered tapered stent, and examined its effects on pressure reduction compared with equal- diameter stents. Twenty-four patients who underwent standardized 8-mm stent TIPS implantation at West China Hospital from December 2017 to February 2021 were included in the current study.

Evaluation of the effect of unilateral mastication on the morphology of temporomandibular joint from the perspective of dynamic joint space.

Background: Unbalanced alterations of temporomandibular joint morphology were associated with unilaterally masticatory habits.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of unilateral mastication on the remodelling of the temporomandibular joint using dynamic joint space.

Methods: Twelve volunteers with non-maxillofacial deformity and healthy temporomandibular joints were recruited.

The effect of splenic vein diameter on the diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis.

Background: It was still controversial that whether the increase of splenic vein (SV) diameter increased the risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT), which was a severe disease with high mortality, in the clinic.

Purposes: This study, using computational fluid dynamics method, aimed to investigate how the increase of SV diameter affects the portal vein hemodynamics under different anatomical and geometric features of the portal venous system, thus how it induced to PVT.

Methods: The ideal models of the portal system, including different anatomical structures according to the location of left gastric vein (LGV) and inferior mesenteric vein (IMV), and different geometric morphological parameters models were established to carry out numerical simulation in this study.

Rapid Morphological Measurement Method of Aortic Dissection Stent Based on Spatial Observation Point Set.

Objectives: Post-operative stent morphology of aortic dissection patients is important for performing clinical diagnosis and prognostic assessment. However, stent morphologies still need to be manually measured, which is a process prone to errors, high time consumption and difficulty in exploiting inter-data associations. Herein, we propose a method based on the stepwise combination of basic, non-divisible data sets to quickly obtain morphological parameters with high accuracy.

Identification of high-risk patients for development of type B aortic dissection based on novel morphological parameters.

Predicting the development of sporadic type B aortic dissection (TBAD) always remains a difficult issue. This study aimed to identify high-risk patients for development of TBAD based on morphological parameters. This propensity-score-matched case-control study collected and reconstructed the computed tomography angiography of acute TBAD patients and hospital-based control participants without aortic dissection from January 2013 to December 2016.

The loss of helical flow in the thoracic aorta might be an identifying marker for the risk of acute type B aortic dissection.

Background And Objective: The occurrence of acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between flow features and hemodynamic parameters in aortas that demonstrated the risk of TBAD occurrence.

Methods: The geometries of 15 hyperacute TBAD and 12 control patients (with healthy aorta) were reconstructed from computed tomography angiography images.

Influence of severe neck angulation on hemodynamic and clinical outcomes following endovascular aneurysm repair: a hemodynamic analysis and a retrospective cohort study.

Background: For patients with severe neck angulation (SNA), hemodynamic and clinical outcomes following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) are still unclear. This study aimed to explore the influence of SNA on hemodynamic and clinical outcomes following EVAR.

Methods: This study included a hemodynamic analysis and a retrospective cohort study from West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2011 and December 2020.

A novel potential mechanism for the development of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis based on portal hemodynamics.

Background: Marked changes in hemodynamics have been suggested to be a potential contributing factor to portal vein thrombosis (PVT) development. This study investigated the effect of portal hemodynamics based on the anatomical structure of the portal venous system on PVT development.

Methods: The morphological features of portal venous system in patients with PVT and those without PVT subgroups were compared.

Fast and Accurate Computation of the Displacement Force of Stent Grafts after Endovascular Aneurysm Repair.

Currently, the displacement force of stent grafts is generally obtained using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which requires professional CFD knowledge to perform the correct simulation. This study proposes a fast, simple, and clinician-friendly approach to calculating the patient-specific displacement force after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Twenty patient-specific post-EVAR computed tomography angiography images were used to reconstruct the patient-specific three-dimensional models, then the displacement forces were calculated using CFD and the proposed approaches, respectively, and their numerical differences were compared and analyzed.

Computational hemodynamic analysis for optimal stent position in the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an effective treatment for portal hypertension (PH). The current study aimed to investigate the effect of stent position on post-TIPS hemodynamic performance using computational fluid dynamics. Patient-specific pre- and post-TIPS models were reconstructed from CT images of two patients, then virtual TIPS models were created by shifting the portal vein (PV) entry site of the stent.

The pressure in the temporomandibular joint in the patients with maxillofacial deformities.

Background: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms were found to be common in the patients with maxillofacial deformities. The mandibular structure was in relation with the stress within temporomandibular joint (TMJ). However, the current studies on the TMJ stresses in the patients with different maxillofacial deformities are not comprehensive enough.

The effect of mandibular movement on temporomandibular joint morphology while eating French fries.

Background: The preferred masticatory side was reported to be almost always the same as the affected side of the temporomandibular disorder. Unbalanced alterations of temporomandibular joint morphology were found to be associated with unilaterally masticatory habits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the mandibular movement on the remodeling of temporomandibular joint during eating French fries using a 3D motion capture system.

[Comparison of stent displacement and displacement force after endovascular aneurysm repair with cross-limb or parallel-limb stent].

This study aims to investigate whether displacement force on stents can accurately represents the displacement of the stent after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) by comparing the measured stent displacement with the displacement forces calculated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). And the effect of cross-limb and parallel-limb EVAR on stent displacements is further studied. Based on our objective, in this study, ten cross-limb EVAR patients and ten parallel-limb EVAR patients in West China Hospital of Sichuan University were enrolled.

Effects of different bypass surgeries on LSA revascularization in patients with left subclavian occlusion.

Introduction: Left subclavian artery (LSA) bypass surgery is mainly carried out for patients with severe left subclavian occlusion. This article aimed to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of different surgical bypass modes on LSA revascularization.

Methods: Three-dimensional models of the aorta were reconstructed from CTA images of a patient with LSA occlusion, a patient with type B aortic dissection with LSA coverage during thoracic endovascular aortic repair, and a healthy 74-year-old man, resulting in six modes for each person: healthy LSA mode, LSA occlusion mode and four bypass modes.

In vivo biomechanical effects of maximal mouth opening on the temporomandibular joints and their relationship to morphology and kinematics.

The temporomandibular joints (TMJs) are the only joints in the human skull and regulate all mandibular motions. The functions of TMJs are considerably influenced by their biomechanical surroundings. However, owing to the unique characteristics of TMJs, comprehending their kinematic and biomechanical mechanisms remains challenging.

A Hemodynamic Analysis of the Thrombosis Within Occluded Coronary Arterial Fistulas With Terminal Aneurysms Using a Blood Stasis Model.

The aim of this study is to numerically evaluate thrombosis risk within occluded coronary arterial fistulas (CAF) with terminal aneurysms, and provide guidance in choosing occlusion positions, with clinical observations as reference. Four patients with CAF were studied, with different occlusion positions in actual treatments. Hemodynamics simulations were conducted, with blood residue predicted using the blood stasis model.

Association Between Blood Flow Pattern and Rupture Risk of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics.

Objectives: This study aimed to derive a novel classification of blood flow pattern in abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) based on computational fluid dynamics (CFDs), and to determine the predictive value of flow patterns in AAA rupture.

Methods: This was an age and sex matched case control study. Cases were identified as patients who underwent emergency endovascular or open repair due to ruptured or AAA at risk of impending rupture.

Hemodynamic analysis of hybrid treatment for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm based on Newtonian and non-Newtonian models in a patient-specific model.

The accuracy of the Newtonian model used in retrograde visceral revascularization (RVR) of hybrid surgery for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) hemodynamic simulation remains unclear. Noting that an appropriate blood viscosity model is a significant factor to capture hemodynamic changes in numerical studies. Therefore, both Newtonian and non-Newtonian blood viscosity models were adopted in this study to investigate the importance of hemodynamics when non-Newtonian blood property was accounted for in a patient-specific RVR simulation.