Dry solidification of chloride salts and heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash by mayenite.

There are hazardous substances such as chloride salts and heavy metals in the municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (WIFA). During thermal treatment, the concentrated chlorides promote the volatilization of heavy metals, increasing the ecological risk. The water washing method is also employed as a pre-treatment for WIFA, but a substantial volume of wastewater with high chloride content is produced that poses challenges for effective treatment.

Sesamol hinders the proliferation of intracellular bacteria by promoting fatty acid metabolism and decreasing excessive inflammation.

The extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a significant zoonotic bacterial pathogen that can cause severe infections and potentially cross-transmit between different hosts. The treatment of clinical bacterial infections is challenging because of the increasingly severe problem of drug resistance. The development of new strategies for managing bacterial infections is essential.

Effects of static magnetic field treatment on the digestive, structural and physicochemical characteristics of germinated corn starch.

Static magnetic field (SMF), an innovative and eco-friendly technology, has attracted widespread attention in the field of modified starch physicochemical properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of SMF treatment on the structural and digestive properties of germinated corn (GC) starch. In vitro digestibility examination of GC starch revealed that SMF treatment (30 mT, 2 h) led to a 12.

Insights into the oil-water interfacial adsorption properties of whey protein-γ-oryzanol Pickering emulsion gel during in vitro simulated digestion.

This work elucidated the digestion behavior of low-oil phase Pickering emulsion gel (LOPPEG) stabilized by whey protein isolate (WPI) -γ-Oryzanol (γO) aggregated particles and interfacial adsorption properties of its simulated digestion products. Initially, following simulated digestion, WPI-γO LOPPEG exhibited lower free fatty acid release and protein digestibility compared to WPI LOPPEG. WPI-γO LOPPEG maintained lower interfacial tension and higher interfacial thickness than WPI LOPPEG.

Tuning steric hindrance of cyclic ether electrolytes enables high-voltage lithium metal batteries.

Ether-based electrolytes are known for their high stability with lithium metal anodes (LMAs), but they often exhibit poor high-voltage stability. Structural optimization of ether-based solvent molecules has been proven to effectively broaden the electrochemical window of these electrolytes, yet the optimization rules within cyclic ethers remain unclear. Herein, we investigate the impact of methyl substitution positions on the molecular properties of 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), a commonly used cyclic ether.

Impact of physicochemical and microbial drivers on the formation of disinfection by-products in drinking water distribution systems: A multivariate Bayesian network modeling approach.

The formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) is significantly affected by numerous factors, including physicochemical water properties, microbial community composition and structure, and the characteristics of organic DBP precursors. However, the codependence of various factors remains unclear, particularly the contribution of microbial-derived organics to DBP formation, which has been inadequately explored. Herein, we present a Bayesian network modeling framework incorporating a Bayesian-based microbial source tracking method and excitation-emission fluorescence spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis to capture the critical drivers influencing DBP formation and explore their interactions.

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of Ponatinib-based N-Phenylpyrimidine-2-amine derivatives as novel fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) selective inhibitors.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) has been proven to be a promising target for FGFR-driven HCC therapy. Great efforts have been devoted to the discovery of FGFR4 inhibitors. In this article, a new class of Ponatinib-based N-phenylpyridine-2-amine derivatives was designed and synthesized as covalent and irreversible FGFR4 selective inhibitors through a rational drug design strategy.

Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of triazine-based PI3K/mTOR inhibitors for the potential treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Dysregulated activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is crucial in the development of cancer, and disrupting it could potentially lead to cancer suppression, making it a viable strategy for cancer treatment. Here, as a consecutive work of our team, we described the identification and optimization of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors based on triazine scaffold, which exhibited potent PI3K/mTOR inhibitor activity. The systematically structure-activity relationship (SAR) results demonstrated that compound 5nh displayed high efficacy against PI3Kα and mTOR, with the IC values of 0.

Do Risk Factors for HCC Impact the Association of CT/MRI LIRADS Major Features With HCC? An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Guidelines suggest the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) may not be applicable for some populations at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, data assessing the association of HCC risk factors with LI-RADS major features are lacking. To evaluate whether the association between HCC risk factors and each CT/MRI LI-RADS major feature differs among individuals at-risk for HCC.

Inactivation of the SLC25A1 gene during embryogenesis induces a unique senescence program controlled by p53.

Germline inactivating mutations of the SLC25A1 gene contribute to various human disorders, including Velocardiofacial (VCFS), DiGeorge (DGS) syndromes and combined D/L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (D/L-2HGA), a severe systemic disease characterized by the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid (2HG). The mechanisms by which SLC25A1 loss leads to these syndromes remain largely unclear. Here, we describe a mouse model of SLC25A1 deficiency that mimics human VCFS/DGS and D/L-2HGA.

Preparation and characterization of PEG-Dex macromolecular schiff base particles and their application on the stabilization of water-in-water emulsion.

In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (Dex) were chemically modified to obtain amino-functionalized PEG (PEG-(NH)) and oxidized dextran (ODex). They were subsequently reacted via -NH and -CHO groups to synthesize a macromolecular Schiff base particle. The structures, morphologies, and thermal properties of the macromolecular Schiff base particle were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetry analysis (TGA).

Tethering of cellulose synthase complex to the plasma membrane relies on the isoform of EXO70A1 in Arabidopsis.

In yeast and mammals, the EXO70 subunit of the exocyst complex plays a key role in mediating the tethering of exocytic vesicles to the plasma membrane (PM). In plants, however, the role of EXO70 in regulating vesicle tethering during exocytosis remains unclear. In land plants, EXO70 has undergone significant evolutionary expansion, resulting in multiple EXO70 paralogues that may allow the exocyst to form various isoforms with specific functions.

Complete mitochondrial genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of Phellinus igniarius.

The mitochondrial whole genome of Phellinus igniarius was sequenced with the objective of examining the evolutionary relationships amongst related species. The entire mitochondrial genome was assembled using Illumina sequencing technology. The structural annotation and bioinformatics analysis were performed.

Hypoxia-induced TPC2 transcription and glycosylation aggravates pulmonary arterial hypertension by blocking autophagy flux.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious medical condition that causes a failure in the right heart. Two-pore channel 2 (TPC2) is upregulated in PAH, but its roles in PAH remain largely unknown. Our investigation aims at the mechanisms by which TPC2 regulates PAH development.

A new diminutive species of bohaiornithid enantiornithine (Aves: Ornithothoraces) from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group, northern China.

Enantiornithes are the most successful early-diverging avian clade, their fossils revealing important information regarding the structure of Cretaceous avifaunas and the parallel refinement of flight alongside the ornithuromorph lineage that includes modern birds. The most diverse recognized family of Early Cretaceous enantiornithines is the Bohaiornithidae, known from the Jehol Biota in northeastern China. Members of this clade enhance our understanding of intraclade morphological diversity and elucidate the independent evolution of this unique lineage.

Integrating immune multi-omics and machine learning to improve prognosis, immune landscape, and sensitivity to first- and second-line treatments for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has emerged as a fundamental component of the standard treatment regimen for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, accurately predicting the treatment effectiveness of ICIs for patients at the same TNM stage remains a challenge. In this study, we first combined multi-omics data (mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA, DNA methylation, and somatic mutations) and 10 clustering algorithms, successfully identifying two distinct cancer subtypes (CSs) (CS1 and CS2).

Imaging observation of intervertebral disc degeneration in patients with old thoracolumbar fracture-related kyphotic deformity.

Old thoracolumbar fracture with kyphosis (OTLFK) often results in low back pain, with intervertebral disc degeneration being a significant contributor. We hypothesized that patients with OTLFK exhibit distinct patterns of disc degeneration compared to those with chronic low back pain without kyphotic deformity. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of disc degeneration in OTLFK patients and explore its association with sagittal spinal parameters and endplate injury.

Synergizing quantum techniques with machine learning for advancing drug discovery challenge.

The Quantum Computing for Drug Discovery Challenge, held at the 42nd International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD) in 2023, was a multi-month, research-intensive competition. Over 70 teams from more than 65 organizations from 12 different countries registered, focusing on the use of quantum computing for drug discovery. The challenge centered on designing algorithms to accurately estimate the ground state energy of molecules, specifically OH+, using quantum computing techniques.

Analyzing the adverse events of NK-1 receptor antagonists: a pharmacovigilance study from the FAERS database.

Background: NK-1 receptor antagonists (NK-1RAs) are proven to be successful in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The safety profile of NK-1RAs has not been systematically analyzed in the real world. This pharmacovigilance study investigated the differences in adverse events (AEs) between NK-1RAs.

Analysis of canopy light utilization efficiency in high-yielding rapeseed varieties.

The photosynthetic mechanism responsible for the differences in yield between different rapeseed varieties remains unclear, and there have been no consensus and definite conclusions about the relationship between photosynthesis and yield. Representation of the whole plant by measuring the photosynthetic performance at a single site may lead to biased results. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the main photosynthetic organs of four high-yielding rapeseed varieties at the seedling, bud, flowering, and podding stages.

Comprehension of acoustically degraded emotional prosody in Alzheimer's disease and primary progressive aphasia.

Previous research suggests that emotional prosody perception is impaired in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and primary progressive aphasia (PPA). However, no previous research has investigated emotional prosody perception in these diseases under non-ideal listening conditions. We recruited 18 patients with AD, and 31 with PPA (nine logopenic (lvPPA); 11 nonfluent/agrammatic (nfvPPA) and 11 semantic (svPPA)), together with 24 healthy age-matched individuals.

Dual-objective optimization of prefabricated component logistics based on JIT strategy.

Prefabricated construction involves manufacturing components in a factory and then transporting them to a construction site for assembly, yielding resource savings and improved efficiency. However, the large size and weight of prefabricated components, along with strict delivery requirements, introduce logistical challenges, such as increased carbon emissions during transport and site congestion. This study addresses the dual-objective vehicle scheduling problem for prefabricated components.

Radiomics models based on thoracic and upper lumbar spine in chest LDCT to predict low bone mineral density.

This study aims to develop and validate different radiomics models based on thoracic and upper lumbar spine in chest low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) to predict low bone mineral density (BMD) using quantitative computed tomography (QCT) as standard of reference. A total of 905 participants underwent chest LDCT and paired QCT BMD examination were retrospectively included from August 2018 and June 2019. The patients with low BMD (n = 388) and the normal (n = 517) were randomly divided into a training set (n = 622) and a validation set (n = 283).

Single-nucleus transcriptomic profiling of the diaphragm during mechanical ventilation.

Mechanical ventilation contributes to diaphragm atrophy and muscle weakness, which is referred to as ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction (VIDD). The pathogenesis of VIDD has not been fully understood until recently. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 24 h of mechanical ventilation on fibro-adipogenic progenitor (FAP) proliferation, endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and immune cell infiltration driving diaphragm fibrosis in a rabbit model.