The Effects of Polyphenols on Texture and Flavor of Egg Yolk: A Molecular Docking Study.

The effect of polyphenols on the texture and flavor of egg yolk hot gel (EY) was studied. Tea polyphenols (TP), rosmarinic acid (RE), and curcumin (CC) showed significant antioxidant properties during egg yolk processing and could effectively reduce lipid oxidation products (decreased by 68.9%, 76.

Directional Freeze-Casting Cryogel Loaded with Quaternized Chitosan Modified Gallium Metal-Organic Frameworks to Capture and Eradicate the Resistant Bacteria for Guided Regeneration in Infected Bone Defects.

Antimicrobial resistance and impaired bone regeneration are the great challenges in treating infected bone defects. Its recurrent and resistant nature, high incidence rate, long-term hospitalization, and high medical costs have driven the efforts of the scientific community to develop new therapies to improve the situation. Considering the complex microenvironment and persistent mechanisms mediated by resistant bacteria, it is crucial to develop an implant with enhanced osseointegration and sustained and effective infection clearance effects.

Turning cold into hot: emerging strategies to fire up the tumor microenvironment.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex, highly structured, and dynamic ecosystem that plays a pivotal role in the progression of both primary and metastatic tumors. Precise assessment of the dynamic spatiotemporal features of the TME is crucial for understanding cancer evolution and designing effective therapeutic strategies. Cancer is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease, influenced not only by the TME, but also by a multitude of systemic factors, including whole-body metabolism, gut microbiome, endocrine signaling, and circadian rhythm.

Insights and progress on the biosynthesis, metabolism, and physiological functions of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA): a review.

GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) is a non-protein amino acid that occurs naturally in the human brain, animals, plants and microorganisms. It is primarily produced by the irreversible action of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) on the α-decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid. As a major neurotransmitter in the brain, GABA plays a crucial role in behavior, cognition, and the body's stress response.

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin modulates T cell response and improves cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction.

Background: The inflammatory response is associated with cardiac repair and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). The key inflammation regulatory factor thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) plays a critical role in various diseases. However, its role in cardiac repair after MI remains uncertain.

YTHDF2 promotes ATP synthesis and immune evasion in B cell malignancies.

Long-term durable remission in patients with B cell malignancies following chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy remains unsatisfactory, often due to antigen escape. Malignant B cell transformation and oncogenic growth relies on efficient ATP synthesis, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that YTHDF2 facilitates energy supply and antigen escape in B cell malignancies, and its overexpression alone is sufficient to cause B cell transformation and tumorigenesis.

Safety and effectiveness of dual trigger (GnRH agonist + HCG) versus HCG alone in patients with high ovarian response.

Objective: To compare the safety and effectiveness between long-term GnRH agonist plus HCG (dual trigger) and HCG trigger alone in high ovarian responders.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on clinical data from 314 cases of high ovarian response who underwent in-vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) treatment at Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital from July 2018 to January 2023. Participants were divided into two groups based on their triggering regimen: the Combined treatment group (GnRH agonist + HCG) and the HCG group (HCG alone).

Advances in MRI Research for First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Selective Review and NSFC-Funded Analysis.

Background And Hypotheses: The causes of schizophrenia remain unclear, and research has been hindered by the lack of quantifiable standards. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is addressing these challenges, revealing critical neurobiological details and emphasizing its importance in both evaluation and treatment.

Study Design: First, we reviewed the progress of research on structural MRI (sMRI), functional MRI (fMRI), multimodal/multiomics analysis, artificial intelligence, and neuromodulation in first-episode schizophrenia (FES) over the past 5 years.

Effects of trypsin and pepsin detection on chronic otitis media with effusion.

Chronic otitis media with effusion (COME) is a common cause of hearing loss in children and adults. Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is often overlooked in the clinical management of COME complicated by LPR. This study aimed to investigate the presence and concentration of trypsin and pepsin in the middle ear effusion (MEE), as well as the recurrence rate of otitis media with effusion (OME) in COME patients with trypsin-/pepsin-positive MEE after acid-suppressive treatment (AST).

Targeting inhibition of T3JAM reduces brain cell ferroptosis in rat following ischemia/reperfusion via a mechanism involving prevention of TLR4-mediated iron overload.

Iron overload-dependent ferroptosis is believed to contribute to the brain injury of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), whereas toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can exert pro-ferroptosis effect via inhibiting the glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) level, but the mechanisms behind these phenomenon are not fully elucidated. Tumor necrosis factor receptor correlated factor 3-interaction Jun amino-terminal kinase [JNK]-activating modulator (T3JAM) can activate specific molecule and its downstream signaling pathways, including TLR4. This study aims to explore whether targeting T3JAM can reduce I/R-induced ferroptosis in brain via downregulating TLR4.

Polarization splitter-rotator on thin film lithium niobate based on multimode interference.

Polarization splitter-rotators (PSRs) are the key elements to realize on-chip polarization manipulation. Current PSRs on thin film lithium niobate (TFLN) rely on sub-micron gaps to realize mode separation, which increases the difficulties of lithography and etching. In this paper, a PSR on TFLN based on multimode interference (MMI) is demonstrated.

Human serum albumin promotes interactions between HSA-IL-2 fusion protein and CD122 for enhancing immunotherapy.

Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a multifunctional cytokine that is crucial for T-lymphocytes proliferation and differentiation. However, IL-2 binds to IL-2Rα (CD25) subunit preferentially and tends to stimulate regulatory T cells (Tregs), which express high-affinity trimeric receptors (IL-2Rαβγ), resulting in immunosuppressive effects. Therefore, development of methods that enhance IL-2/CD122 interactions and activate immune responses without affecting therapeutic efficacy of IL-2 may be desirable.

Characterization of CD3+ T Lymphocytes in Human Coronary Thrombi with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Background:  The occurrence and development of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are accompanied by coronary atherothrombosis and occlusion, and immune responses play prominent roles in their pathogeneses. However, the causes of atherothrombosis remain elusive, and a comprehensive study of T cell-mediated immune responses in coronary thrombi from STEMI patients is lacking.

Objectives:  The aim of this study was to determine the heterogeneity and clonality of CD3 T lymphocytes in STEMI patients at the single-cell level.

Preparation and characterization of κ-carrageenan/dextran films blended with nano-ZnO and anthocyanin for intelligent food packaging.

The κ-carrageenan/microbial-originated dextran-based multifunctional intelligent packaging films, integrated with natural anthocyanins as a colorant and ZnO as an antibacterial agent, were successfully developed using a casting method. Their applicability and functionality were systematically assessed through various analytical techniques. The addition of dextran, anthocyanins, and ZnO in the films resulted in an increased tensile strength (from 13.

Development of multifunctional chitosan packaging film by plasticizing novel essential oil-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent: Structure, properties, and application.

To improve the limited mechanical and water barrier properties of chitosan film while granting extra functionalities simultaneously, present study pioneered the incorporation of chitosan film with newly developed essential oil (EO)-based hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDES, EO:octanoic acid (OA), EO:menthol (ME) and OA:ME:EO). The highest tensile strength (66.22 MPa) and elongation at break (45.

Self-Etching Synthesis of Superhydrophilic Iron-Rich Defect Heterostructure-Integrated Catalyst with Fast Oxygen Evolution Kinetics for Large-Current Water Splitting.

Developing catalysts with rich metal defects, strong hydrophilicity, and extensive grain boundaries is crucial for enhancing the kinetics of electrocatalytic water oxidation and facilitating large-current water splitting. In this study, we utilized pH-controlled etching and gas-phase phosphating to synthesize a flower-like NiP-FeP-CuP modified nickel foam heterostructure catalyst. This catalyst features pronounced hydrophilicity and a high concentration of Fe defects.

Protecting anthocyanins of postharvest blueberries through konjac glucomannan/low-acyl gellan gum coatings contained thymol microcapsule during low-temperature storage.

In order to protect the anthocyanins in blueberries during low-temperature storage, TMs/KGM/LAG (TKL) coatings were developed by composite thymol/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) microcapsules (TMs), konjac glucomannan (KGM), and low acyl gellan gum (LAG). The results showed that the TMs prolonged the release of thymol for at least 30 d. The TKL was effective in maintaining the color of blueberry skin by regulating the activities of key enzymes for anthocyanin synthesis and degradation.

A Novel Manganese Ion Delivery Carrier Promotes Immune Cell Proliferation and Enhances Innate Immune Responses.

Manganese is a transition metal that is an essential trace element for human health. Manganese ions (Mn), which serve as one of the most common transition metal ions, play vital roles in enhancing innate immune responses. However, immune agonists based on Mn are poorly utilized in clinical trials due to poor chemodynamics and adverse events.

Lipopolysaccharide Triggers Luminal Acidification to Promote Defense Against Bacterial Infection in Vaginal Epithelium.

The vaginal epithelium plays pivotal roles in host defense against pathogen invasion, contributing to the maintenance of an acidic microenvironment within the vaginal lumen through the activity of acid-base transport proteins. However, the precise defense mechanisms of the vaginal epithelium after a bacterial infection remain incompletely understood. This study showed that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) potentiated net proton efflux by up-regulating the expression of Na-H exchanger 1 (NHE1) in vaginal epithelial cells.

Novel Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Gelatin-Based Film Incorporated with Zein-Stabilized Lemon Essential Oil Pickering Emulsion for the Preservation of Cherries.

In this study, a zein-stabilized lemon essential oil Pickering emulsion (ZLPE) was incorporated into a carboxymethyl cellulose/gelatin (CMC/GL) composite film to develop a bio-based packaging material with bioactive properties. The average droplet size of the ZLPE was measured at 3.62 ± 0.

Extraction of egg yolk lipids via salt-induced synergistic heat treatment: Fabrication, characterization and flavor analysis.

In this study, the oxidation of egg yolk lipids (EYL) by salt-induced heat and non-heat treatments was investigated for quality and flavor. The correlation between physicochemical properties, lipid oxidation and antioxidant activity was modeled using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The results indicated that the prolonged salt-induced synergistic heat treatment produced the highest level of lipid oxidation, antioxidant activity and oil exudation, along with the lowest level of polyunsaturated fatty acid content.

GHSR deficiency exacerbates Parkinson's disease pathology by impairing autophagy.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), exogenous ghrelin protects dopaminergic neurons through its receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). However, in contrast to the strikingly low levels of ghrelin, GHSR is highly expressed in the substantia nigra (SN). What role does GHSR play in dopaminergic neurons is unknown.

Status and trends of TMS research in depressive disorder: a bibliometric and visual analysis.

Background: Depression is a chronic psychiatric condition that places significant burdens on individuals, families, and societies. The rapid evolution of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques has facilitated the extensive clinical use of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) for depression treatment. In light of the substantial recent increase in related research, this study aims to employ bibliometric methods to systematically review the global research status and trends of TMS in depression, providing a reference and guiding future studies in this field.

Targeting Bacteria-Induced Ferroptosis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Promote the Repair of Infected Bone Defects.

The specific mechanisms underlying bacteria-triggered cell death and osteogenic dysfunction in host bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remain unclear, posing a significant challenge to the repair of infected bone defects. This study identifies ferroptosis as the predominant cause of BMSCs death in the infected bone microenvironment. Mechanistically, the bacteria-induced activation of the innate immune response in BMSCs leads to upregulation and phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), thus facilitating IRF7-dependent ferroptosis of BMSCs through the transcriptional upregulation of acyl-coenzyme A synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4).