Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Evidence has emerged that the inflammation and immune mechanisms are involved in the relationship between hypertension (HTN) and cognitive impairment. We sought (1) to examine the combined effects of HTN and CD33, an immune-related and robust cognitive impairment susceptibility locus, with cognitive function in older adults and further (2) to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Method: This population-based study included 4444 dementia-free participants (age ≥65 years) in MIND-China; of these, data on gray matter volume were available in 1047 persons and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 85 persons.

Achieving synergistic enhancement in the anaerobic digestion of corn straw by (CH + CO) nanobubbles in conjunction with optimized particle sizes.

Nanobubbles (NBs) technology has been proven to promote methane production from anaerobic digestion (AD). In this study, the synergistic effects of (CH + CO)-nanobubble water ((CH + CO)-NBW) combined with varying particle sizes of corn straw on the AD were investigated. As findings, adding (CH + CO)-NBW effectively promoted the methane production from AD of corn straw with different particle sizes.

Effectiveness and Safety of Shenxiong Huanglian Detoxification Granule Combined with Donepezil for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Study Protocol for a Multicenter, Pragmatic, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative condition that causes patients to experience progressive memory decline and a significant decline in overall cognitive ability at any given moment. The increase in the elderly population has resulted in a notable surge in the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease, as has the global impact of the disease. Significant clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in combination with Western medicine for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease has been demonstrated in previous studies.

The First Case of Felty's Syndrome Complicated by COVID-19 Infection.

Felty's syndrome (FS) is an uncommon disorder with a poor prognosis, and most patients die from infections caused by neutropenia. Currently, there is no standardized treatment strategy, and treatment options are based on case reports and clinical experience. To date, no cases of FS complicated by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) have been reported.

AIGen: an artificial intelligence software for complex genetic data analysis.

The recent development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, especially the advance of deep neural network (DNN) technology, has revolutionized many fields. While DNN plays a central role in modern AI technology, it has rarely been used in genetic data analysis due to analytical and computational challenges brought by high-dimensional genetic data and an increasing number of samples. To facilitate the use of AI in genetic data analysis, we developed a C++ package, AIGen, based on two newly developed neural networks (i.

Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Arylation of Indoles with Arylsilanes at Room Temperature.

The Cp*Rh-catalyzed C-H arylation of indoles with arylsilanes is developed. This C-H activation transformation allows for the Rh-catalyzed indole C arylation to overcome the limitations of requiring strong directing group assistance and high-temperature conditions, achieving a room-temperature transformation driven by a weak directing group. Cp*Rh/MeOH catalytic media are considered a key factor enabling this transformation to occur under mild conditions, and experimental studies and theoretical calculations were performed to rationalize the reaction mechanisms and the influence of methanol as a solvent in promoting the reaction.

Mapping grey matter and cortical thickness alterations associated with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment among rural-dwelling older adults in China: A population-based study.

Background: The structural brain alterations for subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are poorly defined. We sought to characterize grey matter volume (GMV) and cortical thickness associated with SCD and MCI among rural-dwelling older adults in China.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 1072 dementia-free participants from the brain MRI sub-study of MIND-China (2018-2020).

Association of dementia with impaired kidney function and plasma biomarkers: A population-based study.

Background And Purpose: Emerging evidence has linked impaired kidney function with dementia in older adults, but the neuropathological pathways underlying their association remain poorly understood. We sought to examine the relationships of kidney function with dementia and plasma biomarkers in a Chinese rural population.

Methods: This population-based study used data from the baseline examination of the Multimodal Interventions to Delay Dementia and Disability in rural China (MIND-China) cohort (March-September 2018; n = 5715).

Effect of straw decomposition on hexavalent chromium removal by straw: Significant roles of surface potential and dissolved organic matter.

Mobility and bioavailability of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in agricultural soils are affected by interactions between Cr(VI) and returned crop straws. However, the effect of straw decomposition on Cr(VI) removal and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, Cr(VI) removal by pristine and decomposed rice/rape straws was investigated by batch experiments and a series of spectroscopies.

Tailoring near-infrared amyloid-β probes with high-affinity and low background based on CN and amphipathic regulatory strategies and in vivo imaging of AD mice.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) species (Aβ fibrils and Aβ plaques), as one of the typical pathological markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), plays a crucial role in AD diagnosis. Currently, some near-infrared I (NIR I) Aβ probes have been reported in AD diagnosis. However, they still face challenges such as strong background interference and the lack of effective probe design.

Association of polygenic risk scores with Alzheimer's disease and plasma biomarkers among Chinese older adults: A community-based study.

Introduction: We examined the associations of polygenic risk score (PRS) with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and plasma biomarkers in the Chinese population.

Methods: This population-based study used baseline data from MIND-China (2018; n = 4873) and follow-up data from dementia-free individuals (2014-2018; n = 2117). We measured AD-related plasma biomarkers in a subsample (n = 1256).

Association of enlarged perivascular spaces with cognitive function in dementia-free older adults: A population-based study.

Introduction: We sought to characterize cognitive profiles associated with enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) among Chinese older adults.

Methods: This population-based study included 1191 dementia-free participants (age ≥60 years) in the MIND-China MRI Substudy (2018-2020). We visually evaluated EPVS in basal ganglia (BG) and centrum semiovale (CSO), white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), lacunes, cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and cortical superficial siderosis.

Development and validation of a diagnostic model for cerebral small vessel disease among rural older adults in China.

Objectives: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) visible on MRI can be asymptomatic. We sought to develop and validate a model for detecting CSVD in rural older adults.

Methods: This study included 1,192 participants in the MRI sub-study within the Multidomain Interventions to Delay Dementia and Disability in Rural China.

Cardiometabolic multimorbidity, peripheral biomarkers, and dementia in rural older adults: The MIND-China study.

Introduction: Evidence has emerged that cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is associated with dementia, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood.

Methods: This population-based study included 5704 older adults. Of these, data were available in 1439 persons for plasma amyloid-β (Aβ), total tau, and neurofilament light chain (NfL) and in 1809 persons for serum cytokines.

Encapsulating fullerene into Ti-based metal-organic frameworks with anchored atomically dispersed Pt cocatalysts for efficient hydrogen evolution.

Ti-based Metal-organic frameworks (Ti-MOF) have been extensively investigated for producing hydrogen via solar water splitting, while their intrinsic activities are still retarded by the poor performance of photocarriers separation and utilization. Herein, a donor-acceptor (D-A) supramolecular photocatalyst is successfully constructed via encapsulating fullerene (C) into MIL-125-NH and meanwhile depositing individual Pt atoms as cocatalyst. The as-prepared C@MIL-125-NH-Pt exhibits remarkable activity in photocatalytic water splitting, with a H formation rate of 1180 μmol g h, which is ∼ 12 times higher than that of the pristine MIL-125-NH.

Insights into effects of thermotolerant nitrifying and sulfur-oxidizing inoculants on nitrogen-sulfur co-metabolism in sewage sludge composting.

In this study, high temperature thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria (TNB) and high temperature thermotolerant sulfide oxidizing bacteria (TSOB) were obtained from compost samples and inoculated into sewage sludge (SS) compost. The effects of inoculation on physical and chemical parameters, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide release, nitrogen form and sulfur compound content change and physical-chemical properties during nitrogen and sulfur conversion were studied. The results showed that inoculation of TNB and TSOB increased the temperature, pH, OM degradation, C/N ratio and germination index (GI) of compost.

The lifestyle for brain health index, the cluster of differentiation 33 (CD33) gene, and cognitive function among rural Chinese older adults: A population-based study.

Background: We sought to examine the associations of the Lifestyle for Brain Health (LIBRA) index with cognitive function among rural Chinese older adults and to explore the potential role of cluster of differentiation 33 gene (CD33) in the associations.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 4914 dementia-free participants (age ≥60 years; 56.43 % women) in the 2018 baseline examination of MIND-China.

Association of objective sleep duration with cognition and brain aging biomarkers in older adults.

The neuropathological mechanisms underlying the association between sleep duration and mild cognitive impairment remain poorly understood. This population-based study included 2032 dementia-free people (age ≥ 60 years; 55.1% women) derived from participants in the Multimodal Interventions to Delay Dementia and Disability in Rural China; of these, data were available in 841 participants for Alzheimer's plasma biomarkers (e.

Nanobubble technology to enhance energy recovery from anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes: Potential mechanisms and recent advancements.

Nanobubble (NB) technology has gained popularity in the environmental field owing to its distinctive characteristics and ecological safety. More recently, the application of NB technology in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems has been proven to promote substrate degradation and boost the production of biogas (H and/or CH). This review presents the recent advancements in the application of NB technology in AD systems.