Hydrogen peroxide participates in leaf senescence by inhibiting CHLI1 activity.

Hydrogen peroxide promoted leaf senescence by sulfenylating the magnesium chelating protease I subunit (CHLI1) in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway, and inhibited its activity to reduce chlorophyll synthesis. Leaf senescence is the final and crucial stage of plant growth and development, during which chlorophyll experiences varying degrees of destruction. It is well-known that the higher ROS accumulation is a key factor for leaf senescence, but whether and how ROS regulates chlorophyll synthesis in the process are unknown.

Pathogen-induced methylglyoxal negatively regulates rice bacterial blight resistance by inhibiting OsCDR1 protease activity.

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial blight (BB), a globally devastating disease of rice (Oryza sativa) that is responsible for significant crop loss. Sugars and sugar metabolites are important for pathogen infection, providing energy and regulating events associated with defense responses; however, the mechanisms by which they regulate such events in BB are unclear.

Whole-body aging mediates the association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and osteoarthritis among U.S. middle-to-old-aged adults.

Background: Humans are constantly exposed to various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) because of their widespread sources and characteristic of easy evaporation. Existing evidence regarding the association between VOC exposure and osteoarthritis (OA) risk is limited.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the associations between individual urinary VOC metabolites (VOCMs) and the VOCM mixture, representing internal exposure levels of VOCs, with prevalent OA risk and to explore the mediating effect of aging and oxidative stress (OS) in these associations.

Triphosphate Tunnel Metalloenzyme 2 Acts as a Downstream Factor of ABI4 in ABA-Mediated Seed Germination.

Seed germination is a complex process that is regulated by various exogenous and endogenous factors, in which abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role. The triphosphate tunnel metalloenzyme (TTM) superfamily exists in all living organisms, but research on its biological role is limited. Here, we reveal that functions in ABA-mediated seed germination.

Hydrogen sulfide alleviates osmotic stress-induced root growth inhibition by promoting auxin homeostasis.

Hydrogen sulfide (H S) promotes plant tolerance against various environmental cues, and d-cysteine desulfhydrase (DCD) is an enzymatic source of H S to enhance abiotic stress resistance. However, the role of DCD-mediated H S production in root growth under abiotic stress remains to be further elucidated. Here, we report that DCD-mediated H S production alleviates osmotic stress-mediated root growth inhibition by promoting auxin homeostasis.

Skin infectome of patients with a tick bite history.

Introduction: Ticks are the most important obligate blood-feeding vectors of human pathogens. With the advance of high-throughput sequencing, more and more bacterial community and virome in tick has been reported, which seems to pose a great threat to people.

Methods: A total of 14 skin specimens collected from tick-bite patients with mild to severe symptoms were analyzed through meta-transcriptomic sequencings.

New insights into the impact of microbiome on horizontal and vertical transmission of a tick-borne pathogen.

Background: The impact of host skin microbiome on horizontal transmission of tick-borne pathogens , and of pathogen associated transstadial and transovarial changes in tick microbiome are largely unknown, but are important to control increasingly emerging tick-borne diseases worldwide.

Methods: Focusing on a rickettsiosis pathogen, Rickettsia raoultii, we used R. raoultii-positive and R.

Salt stress-induced chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide stimulates pdTPI sulfenylation and methylglyoxal accumulation.

High salinity, an adverse environmental factor affecting about 20% of irrigated arable land worldwide, inhibits plant growth and development by causing oxidative stress, damaging cellular components, and disturbing global metabolism. However, whether and how reactive oxygen species disturb the metabolism of salt-stressed plants remain elusive. Here, we report that salt-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inhibits the activity of plastid triose phosphate isomerase (pdTPI) to promote methylglyoxal (MG) accumulation and stimulates the sulfenylation of pdTPI at cysteine 74.

CK2 promotes jasmonic acid signaling response by phosphorylating MYC2 in Arabidopsis.

Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling plays a pivotal role in plant development and defense. MYC2 is a master transcription factor in JA signaling, and was found to be phosphorylated and negatively regulated by MAP kinase and receptor-like kinase. However, the kinases that positively regulate MYC2 through phosphorylation and promote MYC2-mediated activation of JA response have not been identified.

Association between SEMA3A signaling pathway genes and BMD/OP risk: An epidemiological and experimental study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the associations of genetic variants in the semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A) signaling pathway genes, including , , , and with osteoporosis (OP) risk and bone mineral density (BMD) in a Chinese Han older adult population.

Study Design And Method: A two-stage design was adopted. Total of 47.

, a Medically Important Tick, May Not Be a Competent Vector to Transmit Jingmen Tick Virus.

Jingmen tick virus (JMTV) has attracted great attention due to its potential pathogenicity in humans and its transmission by ticks. () is one of the dominant tick species in northeastern China, and can transmit many pathogens to humans and animals. However, there have been no report of transmission of JMTV by .

Research on the impact of bank comxpetition on stability-Empirical evidence from 4631 banks in US.

This paper systematically analyzes the impact mechanism of bank competition on stability. We select the balanced panel data of 4,631 non-failure banks from 2002 to 2017 released by FDIC to do the estimation and then make an appraisal on bank competition with Lerner index and two kinds of Z-score to measure bank stability respectively. The 2SLS with fixed effect is applied for estimation.

Virome and Blood Meal-Associated Host Responses in Naturally Fed on Patients.

The long-lasting co-evolution of ticks with pathogens results in mutual adaptation. Blood-feeding is one of the critical physiological behaviors that have been associated with the tick microbiome; however, most knowledge was gained through the study of laboratory-reared ticks. Here we detached ticks at different stages of blood-feeding from human patients and performed high-throughput transcriptomic analysis on them to identify their virome and genes differentially expressed between flat and fully fed ticks.

Improved molecular softness of tadalafil hapten enhancing antibody performance in immunoassay: Evidence from computational chemistry.

The tadalafil-like compounds have appeared recently as adulterants in drinks and healthcare dietary supplements sourced from medicinal and edible food, which may cause illness and even death. In this work, the rationality of haptens was explored by computational chemistry and molecular simulation theories such as frontier molecular orbital (FMO)-based softness (S), three-dimensional (3D) structure, surface electrostatic potential (ESP), and lipophilic potential (LP). An antiserum from hapten H5 with the highest softness and maintaining the appropriate three-dimensional (3D) structure showed the optimal immunoassay performance, indicating an increasing softness was a critical factor for effective hapten.

PIN3-mediated auxin transport contributes to blue light-induced adventitious root formation in Arabidopsis.

Adventitious rooting is a heritable quantitative trait that is influenced by multiple endogenous and exogenous factors in plants, and one important environmental factor required for efficient adventitious root formation is light signaling. However, the physiological significance and molecular mechanism of light underlying adventitious root formation are still largely unexplored. Here, we report that blue light-induced adventitious root formation is regulated by PIN-FORMED3 (PIN3)-mediated auxin transport in Arabidopsis.

Osmotic stress represses root growth by modulating the transcriptional regulation of PIN-FORMED3.

Osmotic stress influences root system architecture, and polar auxin transport (PAT) is well established to regulate root growth and development. However, how PAT responds to osmotic stress at the molecular level remains poorly understood. In this study, we explored whether and how the auxin efflux carrier PIN-FORMED3 (PIN3) participates in osmotic stress-induced root growth inhibition in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Molecular Detection of Novel Species, , in Ticks from Pangolins.

A novel species, , was found in ectoparasite ticks, , from pangolins seized in anti-smuggling operations in southern China. Overall, 12 tick samples in 227 (overall prevalence 5.3%) were positive for , 9 (5.

Molecular evidence of Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii and a novel Rickettsia strain from ticks in Southern China.

Ticks and tick-borne rickettsial diseases have been gaining greater attention in China over the past decade. However, most published studies to date have occurred in Northern China, with limited investigations occurring in China's southern provinces. As part of larger surveillance efforts, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in six sites at Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan investigating rickettsial infection in ticks.

Large-Scale Comparative Analyses of Tick Genomes Elucidate Their Genetic Diversity and Vector Capacities.

Among arthropod vectors, ticks transmit the most diverse human and animal pathogens, leading to an increasing number of new challenges worldwide. Here we sequenced and assembled high-quality genomes of six ixodid tick species and further resequenced 678 tick specimens to understand three key aspects of ticks: genetic diversity, population structure, and pathogen distribution. We explored the genetic basis common to ticks, including heme and hemoglobin digestion, iron metabolism, and reactive oxygen species, and unveiled for the first time that genetic structure and pathogen composition in different tick species are mainly shaped by ecological and geographic factors.

Genetic Diversity and Coexistence of in Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from Northeastern China.

Human babesiosis is an emerging zoonotic disease transmitted by ticks in China. A few systematic reports on spp. was involved with ticks, especially in the human babesiosis endemic areas in Northeastern China.

-Like Infection in Goats, Beijing, China.

As one of the important tick-borne zoonotic pathogens, has both veterinary and public health significance. Here, we performed a survey of infection in the goats from a farm in Beijing, China, and found 44.6% (41/92) were infected with , and 22.

Identifying SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in Malayan pangolins.

The ongoing outbreak of viral pneumonia in China and across the world is associated with a new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. This outbreak has been tentatively associated with a seafood market in Wuhan, China, where the sale of wild animals may be the source of zoonotic infection. Although bats are probable reservoir hosts for SARS-CoV-2, the identity of any intermediate host that may have facilitated transfer to humans is unknown.

WRKY13 Enhances Cadmium Tolerance by Promoting and Hydrogen Sulfide Production.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS), a plant gasotransmitter, functions in the plant response to cadmium (Cd) stress, implying a role for cysteine desulfhydrase in producing HS in this process. Whether () acts in the plant Cd response remains to be identified, and if it does, how is regulated in this process is also unknown. Here, we report that -mediated HS production enhances plant Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis ().