Evaluating the overall renal outcomes of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Background: Our meta-analysis fills gaps by assessing sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors' renal outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients including long-term effects and the subgroup analyses of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values and follow-up times.

Methods: The literature search of relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted in Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central from the inception to 8 June 2023 on patients with CKD treated with SGLT2 inhibitors. We selected medical subject heading (MeSH) terms and free text terms associated with gliflozin and RCT.

Evaluating the Overall Safety of Glucokinase Activators in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the overall clinical adverse events (AEs) associated with glucokinase activators (GKAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases from their dates of inception to June 6, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that reported safety data for GKAs in patients with T2DM.

Virtual Screening of Potential RoxS Inhibitors and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity in Combination with Antibiotics against Clinically Resistant Bacteria.

with difficult-to-treat resistance has been designated as an urgent or serious threat by the CDC in the United States; therefore, novel antibacterial drugs and combination strategies are urgently needed. The sensor kinase RoxS is necessary for the aerobic growth of . This study aimed to screen candidate RoxS inhibitors and evaluate their efficacy in treating multi-drug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant in combination with meropenem and amikacin to identify promising combination strategies.

Meloxicam inhibits STING phosphorylation and alleviates intracellular DNA-mediated autoimmune responses.

Background: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is critical for cytosolic DNA-sensing and the subsequent immune responses. The inappropriate activation of this pathway leads to DNA-induced autoimmune response. Understanding the precise regulation of cGAS-STING pathway is important for developing therapeutics to treat several autoimmune diseases caused by self-DNA.

Gut Microbiome Is Associated With the Response to Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Purpose: To explore the dynamic change of gut microbiota and its predictive role in progression-free survival (PFS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Methods And Materials: Forty-one patients with NSCLC in 2 phase 2 trials (NCT02573506 and NCT03006575) were analyzed. A total of 102 fecal samples were collected at 3 time points (T0, before CCRT; T1, 2 weeks after the initiation of CCRT; and T2, the end of CCRT).

Analysis of Gut Microbiota Signature and Microbe-Disease Progression Associations in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of gut microbiome signature and disease progression in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) by fecal metagenome analysis.

Methods: Metagenome-wide association studies on baseline fecal samples from 18 LA-NSCLC patients before CCRT and 13 controls from healthy first-degree relatives were performed. Among the 18 LA-NSCLC patients, six patients were defined as the long progression-free survival (long-PFS) group (PFS≥11 months) while another 12 were in the short-PFS group (PFS<11 months).

Leptin activates the JAK/STAT pathway to promote angiogenesis in RF/6A cells .

Aim: To investigate the effect of leptin on the angiogenesis of RF/6A cells (monkey retinal choroidal endothelial cells) and test the cellular signaling in the mechanism.

Methods: RF/6A cells were cultured and randomly divided into four groups: normal control, with leptin at 50, 100, 200 ng/mL for cell counting kit-8 (CCK8). RF/6A cell proliferation and migration were examined by Transwell assays, while RF/6A cell tube formation by Matrigel assay.

Thresholds of visceral fat area and percent of body fat to define sarcopenic obesity and its clinical consequences in Chinese cancer patients.

Background & Aims: The current criteria for defining sarcopenic obesity (SOB) combines the threshold criteria for sarcopenia and obesity, but no consensus has been reached on the criteria. Given the variations among ethnic groups and in the prevalence of sarcopenia, the study aim was to establish sex-specific cutoff points for Chinese cancer patients and investigate the effect of SOB on clinical consequences.

Methods: A prospective study of 2480 cancer patients was conducted.

Synchronous concomitant pancreatic acinar cell carcin and gastric adenocarcinoma: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Multiple primary malignant tumors are two or more malignancies in an individual without any relationship between the neoplasms. In recent years, an increasing number of cases have been reported. However, concomitant primary gastric and pancreatic cancer reported a relatively small incidence, involving no pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma reports.

Chemical and Biological Study of Novel Aplysiatoxin Derivatives from the Marine Cyanobacterium sp.

Since 1970s, aplysiatoxins (ATXs), a class of biologically active dermatoxins, were identified from the marine mollusk , whilst further research indicated that ATXs were originally metabolized by cyanobacteria. So far, there have been 45 aplysiatoxin derivatives discovered from marine cyanobacteria with various geographies. Recently, we isolated two neo-debromoaplysiatoxins, neo-debromoaplysiatoxin G () and neo-debromoaplysiatoxin H () from the cyanobacterium sp.

CD59 receptor targeted delivery of miRNA-1284 and cisplatin-loaded liposomes for effective therapeutic efficacy against cervical cancer cells.

Co-delivery of two different therapeutics (miRNA-1284 and cisplatin (CDDP)) into the cancer cells in a single nanocarrier provides new dimension to the cancer treatment. In this study, we have designed the CD59sp-conjugated miRNA-1284/cisplatin(CDDP)-loaded liposomes for the enhanced therapeutic effect against cervical cancers. Compared with miRNA-1284/CDDP-loaded liposomes (LP-miCDDP), CD59 antibody-conjugated LP-miCDDP (CD/LP-miCDDP) showed a significantly higher cytotoxicity in HeLa cells.

Wheat Gluten Regulates Cholesterol Metabolism by Modulating Gut Microbiota in Hamsters with Hyperlipidemia.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of wheat gluten on gut microbiota from hamsters and also analyse whether alterations in microbiota could result in wheat gluten's lipid-lowering properties. Four weeks male hamsters were divided into 3 groups (n=10). Two hypercholesterolemic groups were fed for 35 days with hypercholesterolemic diet, containing 20% (w/w) wheat gluten or casein.

Effects of tail docking and/or teeth clipping on behavior, lesions, and physiological indicators of sows and their piglets.

To evaluate effects of tail docking and/or teeth clipping on sows and their piglets, a total of 24 sows and their 302 piglets at 3 days of age were randomly allocated to one of four treatments: teeth clipping and tail docking (TCTD), teeth clipping (TC), tail docking (TD), or intact teeth and tail (Intact). Behavior of piglets and sows, lesions on the body and tail of piglets and sows' teats were inspected. Heart rates of processed piglets were increased (p < .

Neo-debromoaplysiatoxin C, with new structural rearrangement, derived from debromoaplysiatoxin.

Neo-debromoaplysiatoxin C (), a new member of the aplysiatoxin family, was isolated from the marine cyanobacterium sp. The structure of was elucidated based on spectroscopic data, and its stereochemistry was determined from NOESY spectrum and biosynthetic considerations. This new compound presents an intriguing 10-membered lactone ring skeleton derived from debromoaplysiatoxin by structural rearrangement, which is the first example in the aplysiatoxin family.

Effect of Oat and Tartary Buckwheat - Based Food on Cholesterol - Lowering and Gut Microbiota in Hypercholesterolemic Hamsters.

The nutritional components in oat and tartary buckwheat had been assessed to have cholesterollowering effects. However, The effect of oat and tartary buckwheat based-food (OF) on cholesterol-lowering and gut microbiota in hypercholesterole hamsters was still limited studied because they are usually consumed in whole gran as well as after being processed. In this study, normal diets, high fat diet (HFD) with/without OF were fed to hamsters for 30 days respectively and growth parameters, metabolic parameters, and gut microbiota were investigated, respectively.

Effects of Simulated Heat Wave and Ozone on High Fat Diet ApoE Deficient Mice.

Objective: To discuss the cardiac toxicities of a heat waves and ozone exposure on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and explore a possible mechanism.

Methods: The incidence of ozone exposure combined with heat wave was simulated in the Shanghai Meteorological and Environmental Animal Exposure System (Shanghai-METAS). A total of 64 ApoE-/- mice, matched by weight, were randomly divided into 8 groups and exposed to heat wave conditions or ozone.

Modeling Analysis of Potential Target of Dolastatin 16 by Computational Virtual Screening.

Dolastatin 16 is a cyclic depsipeptide isolated from the marine invertebrates and cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula, however, its bioactivity has been a historical question. In this study, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A (FKBP12) was predicted as a potential target of dolastatin 16 via PharmMapper as well as verified using chemical-protein interactome (CPI) and molecular docking. FKBP1A has been previously identified as a target for the natural polyketide FK506 (tacrolimus), an immune suppressor inhibiting the rejection of organ transplantation in clinical use.

Two Marine Cyanobacterial Aplysiatoxin Polyketides, Neo-debromoaplysiatoxin A and B, with K Channel Inhibition Activity.

The isolation and structure elucidation of two cyanobacterial debromoaplysiatoxin (DAT) analogues, neo-debromoaplysiatoxin A (1) and neo-debromoaplysiatoxin B (2), were reported and found to possess 6/10/6 and 6/6/6 fused-ring systems, respectively, which are rarely seen among aplysiatoxins. Both compounds exhibited potent blocking activity against Kv1.5 with IC values of 6.

Anterior mediastinum invasion by multiple myeloma: A case report.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM) that secretes monoclonal paraproteins in the blood serum and urine. Bone marrow MM cells can invade and damage the functions of other tissues and organs, such as the lungs, spleen, liver, pancreas, kidneys and lymph nodes. However, the invasion of MM cells primarily located in the BM to the anterior mediastinum at the site of the thymus is an extremely rare event.

Effect of oxidative stress on heme oxygenase-1 expression in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

The anti-oxidative stress effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression is being increasingly studied. However, few studies regarding HO-1 have been conducted in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In the present study, HO-1 expression was compared in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy in patients with GDM and healthy females, to investigate the correlation between HO-1 and oxidative stress by calculation of MDA content in the peripheral blood serum (thiobarbituric acid method), tested ROS (flow cytometry method), HO-1mRNA (RT-PCR method), and HO-1 protein (western blotting method) of Mononuclear cells.

[Identification of serum biomarkers for assessing minimal residual disease in acute leukemia by serum peptide pattern].

Objective: To screen serum biomarkers for minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring according to differential peptidomics profile in the serum from the patients with acute leukemia (AL) and healthy controls.

Methods: Serum polypeptides from 90 AL patients, 60 healthy controls and 20 patients with benign hematological disorders were enriched by copper chelate magnetic beads, and the peptidomics profile was obtained by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis. And the intensities of differential peptides were calculated to assess MRD level.

Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the penis: a case report.

Extramedullary plasmacytoma involving the penis is extremely rare. Here, we describe a case of primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the penis in a 64-year-old man who presented with a palpable penile mass. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging revealed the presence of a large, round non-encapsulated mass in the perineum.

Immobilized capillary tyrosinase microreactor for inhibitor screening in natural extracts by capillary electrophoresis.

A method for creating an immobilized capillary tyrosinase (TRS) reactor based on a layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly for inhibitor screening is described. Tyrosinase was immobilized on the surface of fused-silica capillary via ionic binding technique with cationic polyelectrolyte hexadimethrine bromide (HDB). Then, HDB solution with the same plug length as the TRS was injected again into the capillary to cover the immobilized enzyme by forming HDB-TRS-HDB sandwich-like structure.

Effect of the Miaoyao Fanggan sachet-derived isorhamnetin on TLR2/4 and NKp46 expression in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Miaoyao Fanggan Sachets (MFS) has long been used as a folk medicine for the prevention of influenza in Southeast of Guizhou Province, China. However, the precise immunological mechanisms by which MFS confers protection have not been defined.

Study Aim: To explore the effects of MFS on innate immune system responses using a cold stress-induced immune impairment model as a means of examining MFS-mediated influenza prevention.