Microbiome depletion by broad-spectrum antibiotics does not influence demyelination and remyelination in cuprizone-treated mice.

Demyelination in the central nervous system (CNS) is a feature of various psychiatric and neurological disorders. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut-brain axis may play a crucial role in CNS demyelination. The cuprizone (CPZ) model, which involves the administration of CPZ-containing food pellets, is commonly used to study the effects of different compounds on CNS demyelination and subsequent remyelination.

Reversible Glc-conjugation/hydrolysis modulates the homeostasis of lunularic acid in Marchantia polymorpha growth.

The circadian clock efficiently coordinates growth regulators and plant growth in the temporal regulation of physiological processes. The involvement of the growth-regulator-clock in governing the spatio-temporal regulation of plant growth and development remains unexplained in the nonvascular liverworts. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between the putative liverwort growth regulator lunularic acid (LA) levels and the growth variation of Marchantia polymorpha according to the circadian clock.

Effects of cloprostenol and oxytocin on ultrasonographic changes of uterine horns in postpartum primiparous Hu sheep.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exogenous hormones on postpartum ultrasonographic changes of uterine horn in Hu sheep. 90 nulliparous Hu sheep were divided into three groups according to the number of lambs. Each group was further randomly subdivided into three groups (n = 10), a control group (sodium chloride), a PG group (cloprostol), and a PG+OT group (cloprostol + oxytocin).

Relationship between sexual dysfunction and burnout among physicians in primary hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The relationship between sexual dysfunction and burnout among physicians remains unclear.

Aim: To investigate the frequency of sexual dysfunction among physicians in primary hospital and explore the association between sexual dysfunction and burnout.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted through a questionnaire.

Transforming growth factor-β1 mediates the beneficial effects of arketamine on demyelination and remyelination in the brains of cuprizone-treated mice.

The novel antidepressant arketamine, the (R)-enantiomer of ketamine, has been shown to ameliorate demyelination and facilitate remyelination in the brains of cuprizone (CPZ)-treated mice. However, the mechanisms behind its effects remain unclear. Given the role of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in arketamine's antidepressant-like effects, we examined whether TGF-β1 also plays a role in arketamine's effects on demyelination and remyelination in CPZ-treated mice.

Catalytic divergence of O-methyltransferases shapes the chemo-diversity of polymethoxylated bibenzyls in Dendrobium catenatum.

Erianin, crepidatin, and chrysotobibenzyl are typical medicinal polymethoxylated bibenzyls (PMBs) that are commercially produced in Dendrobium species. PMBs' chemo-diversity is mediated by the manifold combinations of O-methylation and hydroxylation in a definite order, which remains unsolved. To unequivocally elucidate the methylation mechanism of PMBs, 15 possible intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of PMBs were chemically synthesized.

Autocrine IL-8 Contributes to Propionibacterium Acnes-induced Proliferation and Differentiation of HaCaT Cells via AKT/FOXO1/ Autophagy.

Objective: Proprionibacterium acnes (P. acnes)-induced inflammatory responses, proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes contribute to the progression of acne vulgaris (AV). P.

High-Throughput Screening Strategy for Electrocatalysts for Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Formaldehyde to Formic Acid.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (FOR) is an effective way to prevent the damage caused by formaldehyde and produce high-value products. A screening strategy of a single-layer MnO-supported transition metal catalyst for the selective oxidation of formaldehyde to formic acid was designed by high-throughput density functional calculation. N-MnO@Cu and MnO@Cu are predicted to be potential FOR electrocatalysts with potential-limiting steps (PDS) of 0.

A predictive model for patent ductus arteriosus seven days postpartum in preterm infants: an ultrasound-based assessment of ductus arteriosus intimal thickness within 24 h after birth.

Objectives: To develop a predictive model for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants at seven days postpartum. The model employs ultrasound measurements of the ductus arteriosus (DA) intimal thickness (IT) obtained within 24 h after birth.

Methods: One hundred and five preterm infants with gestational ages ranging from 27.

Early exposure to maternal stress and risk for atopic dermatitis in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children is increasing. Early exposure to stress factors may be associated with the AD development. This study aimed to summarize studies that reported an association between stress exposure and AD development in later life.

Efficient Production of Flavonoid Glucuronides in Using Flavonoid -Glucuronosyltransferases Characterized from .

As a model liverwort, contains various flavone glucuronides with cardiovascular-promoting effects and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the related glucuronosyltransferases have not yet been reported. In this study, two bifunctional UDP-glucuronic acid/UDP-glucose:flavonoid glucuronosyltransferases/glucosyltransferases, MpUGT742A1 and MpUGT736B1, were identified from .

Student Loss: Towards the Probability Assumption in Inaccurate Supervision.

Noisy labels are often encountered in datasets, but learning with them is challenging. Although natural discrepancies between clean and mislabeled samples in a noisy category exist, most techniques in this field still gather them indiscriminately, which leads to their performances being partially robust. In this paper, we reveal both empirically and theoretically that the learning robustness can be improved by assuming deep features with the same labels follow a student distribution, resulting in a more intuitive method called student loss.

SynCAM1 deficiency in the hippocampal parvalbumin interneurons contributes to sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment in neonatal rats.

Aims: Sevoflurane is widely used for general anesthesia in children. Previous studies reported that multiple neonatal exposures to sevoflurane can induce long-term cognitive impairment in adolescent rats, but the underlying mechanisms were not defined.

Methods: Postnatal day 6 (P6) to P8 rat pups were exposed to 30% oxygen with or without 3% sevoflurane balanced with air.

Clemastine-induced enhancement of hippocampal myelination alleviates memory impairment in mice with chronic pain.

Patients with chronic pain often experience memory impairment, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The myelin sheath is crucial for rapid and accurate action potential conduction, playing a pivotal role in the development of cognitive abilities in the central nervous system. The study reveals that myelin degradation occurs in the hippocampus of chronic constriction injury (CCI) mice, which display both chronic pain and memory impairment.

Uric acid as a mediator in the correlation between white blood cells and preeclampsia severity: a retrospective cohort study.

This study aimed to analyze the independent risk factors for predicting preeclampsia severity and explore its underlying mechanism. Clinical data of patients with preeclampsia were collected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to assess the significant factors associated with preeclampsia severity.

A patient with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy presenting with central precocious puberty: a case report.

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a peroxisomal disorder caused by the variations in the ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 1 (ABCD1) gene. This study is the first to report central precocious puberty (CPP) in individuals with X-ALD. A 6-year-old boy exhibited mucocutaneous pigmentation, increased plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels, and elevated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA).

Predictive performance of renal resistive index, semiquantitative power Doppler ultrasound score and renal venous Doppler waveform pattern for acute kidney injury in critically ill patients and prediction model establishment: a prospective observational study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the performance of renal resistive index (RRI), semiquantitative power Doppler ultrasound (PDU) score and renal venous Doppler waveform (RVDW) pattern in predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients and establish prediction models.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 234 critically ill patients. Renal ultrasound was measured within 24 h after intensive care unit admission.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of monitoring early gastric cancer after endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Background: Early gastric cancer (EGC) is typically treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, recurrence may occur after ESD, requiring surveillance.

Aim: To examine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of EGC survivors following ESD regarding gastric cancer recurrence.

Functional specialization of two UDP-glycosyltransferases MpUGT735A2 and MpUGT743A1 in the liverworts Marchantia polymorpha.

Family 1 UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are known to glycosylate multiple secondary plant metabolites and have been extensively studied. The increased availability of plant genome resources allows the identification of wide gene families, both functional and organizational. In this investigation, two MpUGT isoforms were cloned and functionally characterized from liverworts marchantia polymorpha and had high glycosylation activity against several flavonoids.

Identification and Functional Characterization of UDP-Glycosyltransferases Involved in Isoflavone Biosynthesis in .

Isoflavones are rich natural compounds present in legumes and are essential for plant growth and development. Moreover, they are beneficial for animals and humans. Isoflavones are primarily found as glycoconjugates, including calycosin-7---d-glucoside (CG) in , a legume.

Association between red blood cell transfusion and bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We aimed to determine the association between red blood cell transfusions (RBCT) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in neonates.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using data obtained from literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception till May 1, 2022. Two reviewers independently selected potentially relevant studies, and after data extraction, they assessed the methodological quality of the included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Melanin-like polydopamine nanoparticles mediating anti-inflammatory and rescuing synaptic loss for inflammatory depression therapy.

Inflammatory depression is closely related to neuroinflammation. However, current anti-inflammatory drugs have low permeability to cross blood-brain barrier with difficulties reaching the central nervous system to provide therapeutic effectiveness. To overcome this limitation, the nano-based drug delivery technology was used to synthesize melanin-like polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) (~ 250 nm) which can cross the blood-brain barrier.

Molecular identification of a flavone synthase I/flavanone 3β-hydroxylase bifunctional enzyme from fern species Psilotum nudum.

The enzyme flavone synthase Is (FNS Is) converts flavanones to flavones, whereas flavanone 3β-hydroxylases (F3Hs) catalyze the formation of dihydroflavonols, a precursor of flavonols and anthocyanins. Canonical F3Hs have been characterized in seed plants, which are evolutionarily related to liverwort FNS Is. However, as important evolutionary lineages between liverworts and seed plants, ferns FNS Is and F3Hs have not been identified.

Integrated Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analysis of the Hippocampus in a Mouse Model of Early Life Inflammation.

Introduction: Inflammation in early life is a risk factor for the development of neuropsychiatric diseases later in adolescence and adulthood, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we performed an integrated proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of the hippocampus to identify potential molecular mechanisms of early life inflammation-induced cognitive impairment.

Methods: Both female and male mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on postnatal day 10 (P10).