Covid-19 Study, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Transition.

Introduction: The outbreak of coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2, COVID-19, SARS-Co-2) in Wuhan, China occurred three years ago. However, the healthcare state and legislature for Covid-19 varied greatly worldwide.

Aims: After three years, the social life of most countries worldwide is gradually back to normal.

HIV/AIDS Curability Study, Different Approaches and Drug Combination.

Aim: HIV infection is currently an incurable disease characterized by life-long drug utility. Its incurable causality and mechanism are still unknown to us.

Methods: To overcome this therapeutic setback, some breakthroughs should be made by utilizing different approaches.

Drug Sensitivity Testing for Cancer Therapy, Key Areas.

Aims: Cancer is a high-mortality disease (9.6 million deaths in 2018 worldwide). Given various anticancer drugs, drug selection plays a key role in patient survival in clinical trials.

Drug Sensitivity Testing for Cancer Therapy, Technique Analysis and Trends.

The techniques and qualities of drug sensitivity testing (DST) for anticancer treatment have grown rapidly in the past two decades worldwide. Much of DST progress came from advanced systems of technical versatility (faster, highly-throughput, highly-sensitive, and smaller in tumor quantity). As the earliest drug selective system, biomedical knowledge and technical advances for DST are mutually supported.

HIV/AIDS Curable Study: New Forms of Therapeutic Trinity.

Background And Aims: AIDS (acquired immune deficient syndrome), a deadly human infectious disease is caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency viruses) infection. Patient's mortality was eventually reduced to one-fourth by combined chemotherapy (usually 3 chemical drugs simultaneously) than earlier HIV/AIDS treatments (single drug or vaccine) in the clinic.

Results: Combined treatments against HIV/AIDS are still incurable for all patients despite a high rate of patient's survival.

Ebola Therapeutic Study and Future Directions.

The constant Ebola epidemic outbreaks in Africa arisen in waves of panic worldwide. There is a high mortality rate (30-70%) among the Ebola-infected people in virus- stricken areas. Despite these horrors, the medical capabilities against this deadly viral disease were provided by limited therapeutic agents/options.

Drug Combination in Clinical Cancer Treatments.

Aim: The modality of anticancer drug combinations needs to be renovated from empirical into technical-supportive systems.

Methods: To challenge past therapeutic routines, the new landscape may be established. Among the different areas of anticancer drug combination study, research in the fields of medical study is the most important one-including disciplinary of therapeutics in different cancer stages, modern genetic/ molecular diagnostics, cancer bioinformatics, traditional Chinese medicine, mathematical data analysis, therapeutic toxicity monitor, personalized cancer medicine and so on.

HAART in HIV/AIDS Treatments: Future Trends.

AIDS (acquired immune deficient syndrome) is a deadly human viral infectious disease caused by HIV (human immune-deficient virus) infection. Almost every AIDS patient losses his/her life before mid 1990s. AIDS was once the 1st disease killer in US (1993).

Cancer Bioinformatics for Updating Anticancer Drug Developments and Personalized Therapeutics.

Background: Last two to three decades, this world witnesses a rapid progress of biomarkers and bioinformatics technologies. Cancer bioinformatics is one of such important omics branches for experimental/clinical studies and applications.

Methods: Same as other biological techniques or systems, bioinformatics techniques will be widely used.

Pharmacogenetics of cancer therapy: breakthroughs from beyond?

'Pharmacogenetics or Pharmacogenomics' (PG) is one of the most practiced cancer therapeutic strategies, tailored for individualized patients. Despite its popularity and rapid advancements in the field, many obstacles for cancer therapy PG still need to be overcome. By borrowing scientific systems from other disciplines such as cancer diagnosis, and therapeutic information from the diversity of tumor origins, categories and stages, cancer therapy PG may hopefully be improved.

HIV Vaccine for Prevention and Cure, A Mission Possible.

HIV/AIDS was once a highly deadly infective disease that killed the global people of a million annually two decades ago. While we are enjoying the HIV therapeutic advances (mostly important from HAART invention), one obvious drawback is still unresolved-unable to clearance all HIV from infected human bodies. As a result, a series of different therapeutic attempts have been proposed based on present knowledge of different features of HIV-induced pathogenesis and human mortalities.

Anticancer Drug Combinations, How Far We can Go Through?

Many clinical cancer therapies are less effective by using one anticancer drug only due to refractory properties of cancer pathogenesis and drug resistance property in advanced cancer patients. A general consensus among clinicians is that anticancer drug cocktail might better control cancer progresses and metastasis than single drug therapeutics in clinical trials. Despite great popularity, the anticancer drug combination dogma has not been established.

HIV Vaccination, is Breakthrough Underway?

After long defeats-almost no marked breakthrough in HIV vaccination campaign has been observed during the past two decades, and we still have not lost our faiths for the development of highly effective and low risk HIV vaccines. Many effective vaccines have been discovered and will certainly enter into the markets within the next 5 to 10 years. In order to promote HIV vaccine developments and clinical HIV therapeutic improvements, this perspective addresses the good and bad sides of currently available HIV vaccines, discusses many subjects of medical significance and finally provides up-to-date information in the field of HIV studies, in particular regarding vaccine developments and HIV pathogenesis.

New Perspectives of HIV/AIDS Therapy Study.

HIV/AIDS (acquired immune deficient syndrome), a human infectious disease was once listed as the No. 1 disease killer in US (1993). After the invention of antiviral drug cocktails-high active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), most HIV-infected patients can survive much longer than with single antiviral drugs or vaccines alone.

Inhibitions of several antineoplastic drugs on serum sialic Acid levels in mice bearing tumors.

Six murine tumors, including ascetic tumors HepA, EC, P388 leukemia, S180 and solid tumor S180, and Lewis lung carcinoma, were employed in this work. The free sialic acid concentrations in both blood and ascites were measured in tumor-bearing mice. The results showed that the content of sialic acids in blood was increased in tumor growth and certain tumor types.

Development of antimetastatic drugs by targeting tumor sialic acids.

One-third of all cancer categories in clinics have a high incidence of neoplasm metastasis. Neoplasm metastasis is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths. However, the prevailing therapeutic approach to this pathogenic process is presently unsatisfactory.

Absorption, distribution and excretion of ¹⁴C-probimane in mice bearing lewis lung carcinoma.

Spontaneous neoplasm metastasis, a fatalist pathological feature of cancer, is a long-evolving, multi-steps process that can now only be treated or controlled by drugs or immuno-modulators. Probimane (Pro), as a representative of the well-known class of antimetastatic agents âBisdioxopiperazine compounds (Biz)â, is systematically studied for its absorption, distribution and excretion in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma by a radioactivity-detective method in this investigation. It is found that the (14)C-Pro concentrations in different normal organs of mice at 2 hrs are very high and dramatically declined at 24 and 48 hrs.

Antimetastatic activities and mechanisms of bisdioxopiperazine compounds.

Bisdioxopiperazine (Biz) compounds, including ICRF-154 and razoxane (ICRF-159, Raz), are anticancer agents developed in the UK specifically targeting tumor metastases. Further three bisdioxopiperazine derivatives, bimolane (Bim), probimane (Pro) and MST-16, have been synthesized at the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China after 1980. Since metastases, the prevailing deadliest pathologic feature of cancer in clinics, have been the main obstacle in cancer therapy, antimetastatic effects and mechanisms of Biz compounds are interesting and significant topics of all time for researchers undergoing the investigations of metastases biology, treatments and patho-physiology.