Stress distribution and surface shock wave of drop impact.

Drop impact causes severe surface erosion, dictating many important natural, environmental and engineering processes and calling for substantial prevention and preservation efforts. Nevertheless, despite extensive studies on the kinematic features of impacting drops over the last two decades, the dynamic process that leads to the drop-impact erosion is still far from clear. Here, we develop a method of high-speed stress microscopy, which measures the key dynamic properties of drop impact responsible for erosion, i.

Explosion cratering in 3D granular media.

Sudden release of energy in an explosion creates craters in granular media. In comparison with well-studied impact cratering in granular media, our understanding of explosion cratering is still primitive. Here, we study low-energy lab-scale explosion cratering in 3D granular media using controlled pulses of pressurized air.

Enhanced bone morphogenic property of parylene-C.

The ability to induce osteointegration was introduced to a parylene-C surface via the simple and intuitive process of protein adsorption mediated by hydrophobic interactions. In this way, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, fibronectin, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) could be immobilized on parylene-C surfaces. This approach alleviates concerns related to the use of potentially harmful substances in parylene-C modification processes.

Multifaceted and route-controlled "click" reactions based on vapor-deposited coatings.

"Click" reactions provide precise and reliable chemical transformations for the preparation of functional architectures for biomaterials and biointerfaces. The emergence of a multiple-click reaction strategy has paved the way for a multifunctional microenvironment with orthogonality and precise multitasking that mimics nature. We demonstrate a multifaceted and route-controlled click interface using vapor-deposited functionalized poly-para-xylylenes.

Tunable coverage of immobilized biomolecules for biofunctional interface design.

The controlled coverage of immobilized biomolecules is introduced, illustrating a concept for designing biomaterial surfaces such that the extent of manipulation employed to elicit biological responses is controlled according to density changes in the underlying chemical motifs and the density of immobilized biomolecules.

Sustained immobilization of growth factor proteins based on functionalized parylenes.

Protein molecules immobilized on biomaterial surfaces are performed based on oriented conjugation or replaced mimicking peptides. The sustainable immobilization of growth factor proteins using functionalized parylene coatings is demonstrated in this study. Site-specific and nonspecific immobilization approaches are realized to conjugate bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2).