Weight growth velocity and growth outcomes in very-low-birth-weight infants developing major morbidities.

Background: Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) is common in very-low-birth-weight-infants and may be associated with poor neurodevelopment. The growth velocity of preterm infants is increasing over decades, but the relationship between growth velocity, EUGR, and morbidities of preterm infants remains unknown.

Methods: A total of 263 infants born between 2012 and 2020, with birthweight <1500 g and gestational age of 24-33 weeks, were included.

Enhanced exopolysaccharide production of Cordyceps militaris via mycelial cell immobilization on plastic composite support in repeated-batch fermentation.

Repeated-batch fermentation with fungal mycelia immobilized in plastic composite support (PCS) eliminates the lag phase during fermentation and improves metabolite productivity. The strategy is implemented herein, and a novel modified PCS is developed to enhance exopolysaccharide (EPS) production from the medicinal fungus Cordyceps militaris. A modified PCS (SYE + PCS) was made by compositing polypropylene (PP) with a nutrient mixture containing soybean hull, peptone, yeast extract, and minerals (SYE+).