Yu-Ping-Feng-San improve the immunosuppression of microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting the maturation of DCs through the JAK2-STAT3 pathway.

Yu-Ping-Feng-San (YPF) is a famous classical Chinese medicine formula known for its ability to boost immunity. YPF has been applied to enhance the immune status of tumor patients in clinical practice. However, there is still a lack of research on its immune regulatory effects and mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment.

Structural-functional connectivity decoupling in multiscale brain networks in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with functional and structural alterations beyond the nigrostriatal dopamine projection. However, the structural-functional (SC-FC) coupling changes in combination with subcortical regions at the network level are rarely investigated in PD.

Methods: SC-FC coupling networks were systematically constructed using the structural connectivity obtained by diffusion tensor imaging and the functional connectivity obtained by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in 53 PD and 72 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs).

A real-world disproportionality analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) adverse event reporting system (FAERS) events for Durvalumab.

Background: In the past few years, an increasing number of research studies have documented the utilization of durvalumab in the field of immunotherapy for cancerous tumors. However, there remains insufficient documentation regarding its associated adverse event (AEs). In order to enhance our comprehension of its toxicological profile, this investigation retrospectively examined the AEs linked to durvalumab using data from the US Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system (FAERS).

The application of photodynamic therapy in recurrent genital herpes.

Background: Frequently, recurrence of genital herpes imposes significant physical and psychological burdens on patients, and existing treatments are often ineffective in preventing recurrence. Previous studies have indicated that photodynamic therapy (PDT) showed promising outcomes in the treatment of labial herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections; however, its efficacy for genital herpes remained unclear.

Method: The study screened patients with genital herpes at Daping Hospital from July 2020 to May 2024.

Improvement of Quality and Disease Resistance for a Heavy-Panicle Hybrid Restorer Line, R600, in Rice ( L.) by Gene Pyramiding Breeding.

The utilization of heavy-panicle hybrid rice exemplifies the successful integration of architectural enhancement and heterosis, which has been widely adopted in the southwest rice-producing area of China. Iterative improvement in disease resistance and grain quality of heavy-panicle hybrid rice varieties is crucial to promote their sustainable utilization. Here, we performed a molecular design breeding strategy to introgress beneficial alleles of broad-spectrum disease resistance and grain quality into a heavy-panicle hybrid backbone restorer line Shuhui 600 (R600).

Structure-function coupling changes in first-episode, treatment-naïve schizophrenia correlate with cell type-specific transcriptional signature.

Background: First-episode schizophrenia (FES) is a complex and progressive psychiatric disorder. The etiology of FES involves genetic, environmental, and neurobiological factors. This study investigates the association between alterations in structural-functional (SC-FC) coupling and transcriptional expression in FES.

Exploring the causal pathway from gut microbiota to polycystic ovary syndrome: A network Mendelian randomization study.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complicated endocrine and metabolic syndrome with unclear pathogenesis. The gut microbiota sheds light on the etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) studies to systematically evaluate the pathological mechanism gut microbiota causally associated with PCOS risk.

Findings and methodologies in oral phageome research: a systematic review.

Background: The oral microbiome serves as both an indicator and a mediator of oral health. Evidence indicates that bacteriophages (phages) are widely present in the oral microbiome and exhibit diverse classifications and interactions with human cells and other microbes. These phages constitute the oral phageome, which potentially exerts significant yet unexplored effects on the interplay between oral and general health.

The Role of ADCY1 in Regulating the Sensitivity of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in NSCLC.

Lung cancer has the highest fatality rate among malignant tumors in the world. Finding new biomarkers of drug resistance is of great importance in the prognosis of lung cancer patients. We found that the polymorphisms of Adenylate Cyclase 1 (ADCY1) are significantly associated with platinum-based chemotherapy resistance in lung cancer patients in our previous research.

An integrated preventive and therapeutic magnetic nanoparticle loaded with rhamnolipid and vancomycin for combating subgingival biofilms.

Objectives: Mechanical debridement supplemented with antibacterial agents effectively eradicates subgingival biofilms formed in the periodontal pockets of severe periodontitis patients. However, the available antimicrobial agents have limited penetrating ability to kill the bacteria encased in the deep layers of biofilms. This study aimed to fabricate a novel magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) loaded with rhamnolipid (RL) and vancomycin (Vanc, Vanc/RL-Ag@FeO) to combat subgingival biofilms.

Revealing the optimal traditional processing methods and its protective effects against febrile seizures of Arisaema cum bile.

Arisaema cum bile (known as Dan Nanxing in Chinese, DNX) is a herbal medicine used for treating febrile seizure (FS), which commonly prepared by using Arisaematis Rhizoma and animal bile. This study was designed to explore the optimal processing time of DNX and its potential mechanism on the anti-FS effect. A total of 17 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were the characteristic ones to distinguish different fermentation stages of DNX by using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), such as 2-heptanone monomer, and heptanal monomer.

ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 act together to promote stigmatic papilla formation in maize through regulating auxin signaling and ZmWOX3A expression.

Maize silk is a specialized type of stigma, covered with numerous papillae for pollen grain capture. However, the developmental process of stigmatic papillae and the underlying regulatory mechanisms have remained largely unknown. Here, we combined the cytological, genetic and molecular studies to demonstrate that three homologous genes ZmSPL10, ZmSPL14 and ZmSPL26 play a central role in promoting stigmatic papilla formation in maize.

Activation and Autoinhibition Mechanisms of NLR Immune Receptor Pi36 in Rice.

Nucleotide-binding and leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are the most important and largest class of immune receptors in plants. The gene encodes a canonical CC-NBS-LRR protein that confers resistance to rice blast fungal infections. Here, we show that the CC domain of Pi36 plays a role in cell death induction.

Plasma metabolomics of immune-related adverse events for patients with lung cancer treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Background: Metabolomics has the characteristics of terminal effects and reflects the physiological state of biological diseases more directly. Several current biomarkers of multiple omics were revealed to be associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occurrence. However, there is a lack of reliable metabolic biomarkers to predict irAEs.

Individualized Structural Perturbations on Normative Brain Connectome Restrict Deep Brain Stimulation Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) respond to deep brain stimulation (DBS) variably. However, how brain substrates restrict DBS outcomes remains unclear.

Objective: In this article, we aim to identify prognostic brain signatures for explaining the response variability.

Fabrication of fluorinated triazine-based covalent organic frameworks for selective extraction of fluoroquinolone in milk.

A novel fluorinated triazine-based covalent organic frameworks (F-CTFs) was designed and synthesized by using melamine and 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoroterephthalaldehydeas as organic ligands for selective pipette tip solid-phase extraction (PT-SPE) of amphiphilic fluoroquinolones (FQs). The competitive adsorption experiment and mechanism study were carried out and verified that this F-CTFs possesses favorable adsorption affinity for FQs. The abundant fluorine affinity sites endowed the F-CTFs high selectivity to FQs extraction through F-F interactions.

Dynamic causal modeling analysis reveals the modulation of motor cortex and integration in superior temporal gyrus during multisensory speech perception.

Unlabelled: The processing of speech information from various sensory modalities is crucial for human communication. Both left posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) and motor cortex importantly involve in the multisensory speech perception. However, the dynamic integration of primary sensory regions to pSTG and the motor cortex remain unclear.

Metagenomic analysis reveals ecological and functional signatures of oral phageome associated with severe early childhood caries.

Objectives: Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is highly prevalent, affecting children's oral health. S-ECC development is closely associated with the complex oral microbial microbiome and its microorganism interactions, such as the imbalance of bacteriophages and bacteria. Till now, little is known about oral phageome on S-ECC.

An Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with GMSCs-Derived Neural Lineage Cells Promotes Recovery after Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a devastating medical condition with poor prognosis due to the lack of effective treatment modalities. Transplantation of human neural stem cells or primary neural cells is a promising treatment approach, but this is hindered by limited suitable cell sources and low expansion capacity. This study aimed (1) use small molecules (SM) to reprogram gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) commitment to the neural lineage cells , and (2) use hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffolds seeded with GMSCs-derived neural lineage cells to treat ischemic stroke .

The effect of simulation of sectional human anatomy using ultrasound on students' learning outcomes and satisfaction in echocardiography education: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Effective teaching methods are needed to improve students' abilities in hand-eye coordination and understanding of cardiac anatomy in echocardiography education. Simulation devices have emerged as innovative teaching tools and exhibited distinctive advantages due to their ability to provide vivid and visual learning experiences. This study aimed to investigate the effect of simulation of sectional human anatomy using ultrasound on students' learning outcomes and satisfaction in echocardiography education.

Small extracellular vesicles of organoid-derived human retinal stem cells remodel Müller cell fate via miRNA: A novel remedy for retinal degeneration.

Remodeling retinal Müller glial fate, including gliosis inhibition and pro-reprogramming, represents a crucial avenue for treating degenerative retinal diseases. Stem cell transplantation exerts effects on modulating retinal Müller glial fate. However, the optimized stem cell products and the underlying therapeutic mechanisms need to be investigated.