Antibacterial mechanism of lysine against Escherichia coli O157:H7, its action on lettuce and in reducing the severity of murine colitis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mechanism of antimicrobial action of Lysine (Lys) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7. Lys alters the permeability and morphology of bacterial cell membranes, leading to leakage of intracellular material.

A microglia clonal inflammatory disorder in Alzheimer's disease.

Somatic genetic heterogeneity resulting from post-zygotic DNA mutations is widespread in human tissues and can cause diseases, however, few studies have investigated its role in neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we report the selective enrichment of microglia clones carrying pathogenic variants, that are not present in neuronal, glia/stromal cells, or blood, from patients with AD in comparison to age-matched controls. Notably, microglia-specific AD-associated variants preferentially target the MAPK pathway, including recurrent CBL ring-domain mutations.

Suppression of FOXO1 activity by SIRT1-mediated deacetylation weakening the intratumoral androgen autocrine function in glioblastoma.

Elevated levels of androgens in the brain accelerate tumor progression in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). Despite current research efforts concentrating on decreasing peripheral androgens to improve GBM prognosis, results have not met expectations. Herein, we aim to elucidate the source of increased androgen levels in the brains of GBM patients and investigate whether lowering it can improve the prognosis of GBM patients.

Patulin Detoxification by Evolutionarily Divergent Reductases of ATCC 621.

The mycotoxin patulin in processed apple juice poses a significant threat to food safety, driving the need for effective detoxification strategies. ATCC 621 can detoxify patulin to ascladiol using either the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs)─GOX0525, GOX1899, and GOX0716─or the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) GOX1462. While GOX0525 and GOX1899 have been previously characterized, this study focuses on GOX0716 and GOX1462, evaluating their optimal pH, thermostability, thermoactivity, and substrate specificity, thereby completing the characterization of all four reductases.

Predictive Significance of Glycosyltransferase-Related lncRNAs in Endometrial Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis and Experimental Validation.

Glycosylation is a crucial post-translational modification that regulates cellular functions and the surrounding microenvironment. The abnormal expression of glycosyltransferases, essential enzymes in this process, has been linked to tumor development. In addition, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to exert a multifaceted regulatory influence on gene expression.

Morus alba L. alleviates influenza viral pneumonia. Evidences of its mechanism of action.

Background: Viral pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by numerous different viruses, which can lead to severe respiratory distress and even life-threatening conditions. In the absence of specific treatments for viral pneumonia, natural traditional medicines offer an alternative in terms of innovative drug therapies. Morus alba L.

Guiqi Baizhu decoction enhances radiosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting the HIF-1α/DNA-PKcs axis-mediated DNA repair.

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and radiosensitivity is a determinant of its efficacy. Therefore, enhancing the radiosensitivity is of great significance to improve the clinical efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Purpose: This study intended to investigate the radiosensitisation effect and mechanism of Guiqi Baizhu decoction (GQBZD) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α)/DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) axis-mediated DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair in NSCLC radiotherapy.

"Calabash Vine" Nanoassembly for Chemotherapy and Photothermal Combination Therapy of Breast Cancer.

DNA nanoassembly-loaded CFA@SD core-shell nanoparticles and doxorubicin (Dox) were constructed based on the rolling circle amplification reaction (RCA), which is called CFA@RD NAs. CFA NPs was prepared by coating a gold nanoshell on the surface of FeO NPs modified with citrate. Then, single-stranded DNA (SD, partial sequence is complementary to RCA) was further modified on the surface of CFA NPs through a gold-sulfur bond to synthesize CFA@SD NPs.

Weight-loss plateau during lifestyle intervention predicts treatment response in patients with MASLD and obesity.

Introduction: Whether the weight-loss plateau and its values differ in obesity with or without metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) undergoing continuous lifestyle intervention remains unknown. We aimed to investigate this problem.

Methods: This prospective observational cohort study included 305 patients with obesity and MASLD and 103 matched individuals with non-MASLD from January 2015 to April 2023, with a 12-month follow-up to monitor weight changes.

Does the alternating timing of rTMS combined with soft-hand rehabilitation robot affect the recovery of hand function in patients after stroke? A study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Combining repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with robotic training could result in more significant improvements in motor function than either treatment alone. The efficacy of this combination may depend on the sequencing of the interventions. However, few studies have explored the possibility of interleaving or alternating between the two treatment modalities within a single session or over a shorter time frame.

SS-MSDA: Streamlined Sample-level Multi-source Domain Adaptation for EEG Emotion Recognition.

Affective EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) offers extensive prospects. Yet, it grapples with notable challenges in consistently achieving accurate emotion recognition among new subjects. Mitigating this matter, Multi-Source Domain Adaptation (MSDA) has been advanced.

Bi-Stream Adaptation Network for Motor Imagery Decoding.

Neural activities in distinct brain regions variably contribute to the formation of motor imagery (MI). Utilizing the hidden contextual information can thereby enhance network performance by having a comprehensive understanding of MI. Besides, due to the non-stationarity of EEG, the global and local distributions of cross-session EEG from an individual vary in applications.

Narrowband-Enhanced Method for Improving Frequency Recognition in SSVEP-BCIs.

Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCI) provide a non-invasive and effective means for communication and control, which fundamentally rely on the feature of frequency information. However, filter banks in conventional spatial filter classification methods do not effectively utilize narrowband information. This study proposed a narrowband-enhanced filter bank canonical correlation analysis (NE-FBCCA) to integrate narrowband signal processing with a broadband filter bank analysis.

Enhancing Detection of SSVEP-based BCIs Using Adjacent Frequencies Fusion Method.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have emerged as transformative technologies, enabling direct communication between the human brain and external devices. Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) have gained particular attention due to their potential in BCIs. Current decoding algorithms do not take advantage of the correlation coefficients of adjacent frequencies.

A Novel SSVEP Modulation Method Utilizing VR-Based Binocular Vision.

This paper presents a novel method for modulating steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) based on binocular vision in virtual reality (VR). The method involves displaying monocular frequencies in the left and right view of VR to encode nine binocular targets using only two frequencies. We constructed a VR-BCI system and validated the effectiveness of this binocular-encoded paradigm through the task-related component analysis (TRCA) algorithm, which is a supervised approach based on individual templates.

Enhancing Word-Level Imagined Speech BCI Through Heterogeneous Transfer Learning.

In this study, we proposed a novel heterogeneous transfer learning approach named Focused Speech Feature Transfer Learning (FSFTL), aimed at enhancing the performance of electroencephalogram (EEG)-based word-level Imagined Speech (IS) Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). In IS BCI, the classification accuracy for imagining specific words is relatively low due to the inherent complexity in high-level feature variations. However, the binary classification accuracy for IS/rest is significantly higher.

EEG Emotion Recognition Based on 3D-CTransNet.

Emotion recognition is of great significance for brain-computer interface and emotion computing, and EEG plays a key role in this field. However, the current design of brain computer interface deep learning model is faced with algorithmic or structural constraints, and it is difficult to recognize the complex features in EEG signals with long-term dynamic changes. To solve this issue, a hybrid CNN-Transformer structure using 3D data input is proposed and named 3D-CTransNet in this paper, which solves the problem of performance degradation of the traditional CNN-LSTM hybrid structure in the recognition of long sequence signals.

Random Subset Multi-domain Feature Extraction for Attentional State Recognition.

Existing attentional state recognition methods achieve good results by utilizing frequency domain features, but spatial information has not been fully considered. In this paper, a random subset multi-domain feature extraction method is proposed. To exploit the spatial information, the training data is first divided into several non-overlapping subsets, and independent Riemannian manifolds are constructed within each subset.

Amplitude Modulation Depth Coding Method for SSVEP-based Brain-computer Interfaces.

In steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), the limited availability of frequency resources inherently constrains the scale of the instruction set, presenting a substantial challenge for efficient communication. As the number of stimuli increases, the comfort level of the stimulus interface also becomes increasingly demanding due to the expanded flickering area. To address these issues, we proposed a novel amplitude modulation depth coding (AMDC) method that employs Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) technique to modulate the luminance level of stimuli dynamically.

A Novel Inflammation-Marker-Based Prognostic Model for Advanced Pulmonary Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of inflammation markers for advanced pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) and develop an effective prognostic model based on inflammation markers to predict the overall survival (OS) of this population.

Methods: Cox regression analysis was performed on 18 clinical and inflammation features, and a nomogram was created to predict overall survival (OS). The nomogram was evaluated by the concordance index (C-index), the time-dependent area under the receiver operating (ROC) curves (AUCs), calibration curves, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA).

Unveiling familial aggregation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Insights from oral microbiome dysbiosis.

Familial aggregation is common in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), yet the impact of oral microbiome dysbiosis on this occurrence remains largely unexplored. We recruit 127 families (649 members, 1-5 patients each) and a case-control cohort of 337 individuals, validating findings in an additional cohort of 995 individuals. Significant microbial similarity is observed among family members, with family factors contributing most to microbiome variation, followed by cigarette smoking, age, and gender.

Xiayuxue Decoction plays an anti-development role in hepatocellular carcinoma through intestinal-hepatic axis.

Background: In recent years, the effect of "intestinal-hepatic axis" in tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been paid more and more attention, and the imbalance of gut microbiota is closely related to the pathogenesis of HCC. The Xiayuxue decoction has inhibitory effect on hepatic fibrosis, but the effect of Xiayuxue decoction (XYXD) on HCC is not clear.

Methods: We induced HCC mouse model by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and CCL4.

Parent-adolescent emotional communication patterns and adolescent depressive symptoms: A dyadic, mixed methods study.

This study aimed to explore the characteristics of parent-adolescent emotional communication patterns from the perspectives of both parents and adolescents and to further examine their relationships with adolescent depressive symptoms. A mixed methods exploratory sequential design was used. In the qualitative phase, 21 parent-adolescent dyads (adolescents aged 15.

Vaccine Effectiveness Among 5- to 17-year-old Individuals with Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An EHR-Based Target Trial Emulation Study from the RECOVER Project.

Importance: Prior studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in children and adolescents. However, the benefits of vaccination in these age groups with prior infection remain underexplored.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in preventing reinfection with various Omicron subvariants (BA.

Commonly used interventional procedures for non-cancer chronic spine pain: a clinical practice guideline.

Clinical Question: What is the comparative effectiveness and safety of commonly used interventional procedures (such as spinal injections and ablation procedures) for chronic axial and radicular spine pain that is not associated with cancer or inflammatory arthropathy?

Current Practice: Chronic spine pain is a common, potentially disabling complaint, for which clinicians often administer interventional procedures. However, clinical practice guidelines provide inconsistent recommendations for their use.

Recommendations: For people living with chronic axial spine pain (≥3 months), the guideline panel issued strong recommendations against: joint radiofrequency ablation with or without joint targeted injection of local anaesthetic plus steroid; epidural injection of local anaesthetic, steroids, or their combination; joint-targeted injection of local anaesthetic, steroids, or their combination; and intramuscular injection of local anaesthetic with or without steroids.