Human Hair Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Attenuate UVB-Induced Photoaging via the miR-125b-5p/TGF-β1/Smad Axis.

Cutaneous photoaging, induced by chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, typically manifests as alterations in both the physical appearance and functional properties of the skin and may predispose individuals to cancer development. Recent studies have demonstrated the reparative potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in addressing skin damage, while specific reports highlight their efficacy in ameliorating skin photoaging. However, the precise role of exosomes derived from human hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells (HFMSC-Exos) in the context of cutaneous photoaging remains largely unexplored.

Single-cell RNA-seq reveals novel mitochondria-related musculoskeletal cell populations during adult axolotl limb regeneration process.

While the capacity to regenerate tissues or limbs is limited in mammals, including humans, axolotls are able to regrow entire limbs and major organs after incurring a wound. The wound blastema has been extensively studied in limb regeneration. However, due to the inadequate characterization of ECM and cell subpopulations involved in the regeneration process, the discovery of the key drivers for human limb regeneration remains unknown.

Genome-wide identification of chromium stress-responsive micro RNAs and their target genes in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) roots.

Tobacco easily accumulates certain heavy metals in leaves and thus poses a potential threat to human health. To systematically dissect Cr-responsive microRNAs (miRNAs) and their targets at the global level, 4 small RNA libraries were constructed from the roots of Cr-treated (Cr) and Cr-free (control) for 2 contrasting tobacco genotypes,Yunyan2 (Cr-sensitive) and Guiyan1 (Cr-tolerant). Using high-throughput-sequencing-technology, the authors identified 53 conserved and 29 novel miRNA families.

[Genome-scale sequence data processing and epigenetic analysis of DNA methylation].

A new approach recently developed for detecting cytosine DNA methylation (mC) and analyzing the genome-scale DNA methylation profiling, is called BS-Seq which is based on bisulfite conversion of genomic DNA combined with next-generation sequencing. The method can not only provide an insight into the difference of genome-scale DNA methylation among different organisms, but also reveal the conservation of DNA methylation in all contexts and nucleotide preference for different genomic regions, including genes, exons, and repetitive DNA sequences. It will be helpful to under-stand the epigenetic impacts of cytosine DNA methylation on the regulation of gene expression and maintaining silence of repetitive sequences, such as transposable elements.

Genomics of an extreme psychrophile, Psychromonas ingrahamii.

Background: The genome sequence of the sea-ice bacterium Psychromonas ingrahamii 37, which grows exponentially at -12C, may reveal features that help to explain how this extreme psychrophile is able to grow at such low temperatures. Determination of the whole genome sequence allows comparison with genes of other psychrophiles and mesophiles.

Results: Correspondence analysis of the composition of all P.