Progress of porous tantalum surface-modified biomaterial coatings in bone tissue engineering.

Tantalum (Ta) metal has emerged as a prominent material within the realm of bone tissue engineering, owing to its favorable biocompatibility, commendable mechanical attributes, and notable biological properties such as osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and angiogenic potential. However, as clinical applications have expanded, Ta implants have unveiled a spectrum of limitations. Consequently, porous tantalum (PTa) has garnered escalating interest, attributable to its unique microstructural attributes, tunable mechanical characteristics, and inherent biocompatibility.

Relationship between albumin-corrected anion gap and lumbar spine bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in a diverse population, assessing how variations in ACAG levels correlate with changes in lumbar spine BMD and the potential implications for osteoporosis risk.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted involving 3,057 participants (1,555 males and 1,502 females). Participants were stratified into quartiles based on baseline ACAG levels.

Application and progress of 3D printed biomaterials in osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis results from a disruption in skeletal homeostasis caused by an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation. Conventional treatments, such as pharmaceutical drugs and hormone replacement therapy, often yield suboptimal results and are frequently associated with side effects. Recently, biomaterial-based approaches have gained attention as promising alternatives for managing osteoporosis.

Application of Light-Responsive Nanomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering.

The application of light-responsive nanomaterials (LRNs) in bone tissue engineering shows broad prospects, especially in promoting bone healing and regeneration. With a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of bone defects and healing disorders, LRNs are receiving increasing attention due to their non-invasive, controllable, and efficient properties. These materials can regulate cellular biological reactions and promote bone cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation by absorbing specific wavelengths of light and converting them into physical and chemical signals.

Metallic 1T Phase MoS Nanosheets Covalently Functionalized with BBD Molecules for Enhanced Supercapacitor Performances.

Metallic 1T phase molybdenum disulfide (MoS) is among the most promising electrode materials for supercapacitors, but its capacitance and cyclability remain to be improved to meet the constantly increasing energy storage needs in portable electronics. In this study, we present a strategy, covalent functionalization, which achieves the improvement of capacitance of metallic 1T phase MoS. Covalently functionalized by the modifier 4-bromobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate, the metallic MoS membrane exhibits increased interlayer spacing, slightly curled layered architecture, enhanced charge transfer, and improved adsorption capabilities toward electrolyte molecules and ions.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of trifluridine/tipiracil in the treatment of heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer from the perspective of Chinese healthcare system.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) for heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Designs: Based on the overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) data from the Trifluridine/tipiracil versus placebo in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer (TAGS) trial (NCT02500043), a three-state Markov model (PFS, progressed disease and death) was constructed to analyse the cost-effectiveness of FTD/TPI compared with the placebo in heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer. Cost and utility were from pricing records and the literature.

Multiple applications of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in the treatment of orthopedic diseases.

Pharmacologic treatment of orthopedic diseases is a common challenge for clinical orthopedic surgeons, and as an important step in the stepwise treatment of orthopedic diseases, it is often difficult to achieve satisfactory results with existing pharmacologic treatments. Therefore, it is increasingly important to find new ways to effectively improve the treatment pattern of orthopedic diseases as well as to enhance the therapeutic efficacy. It has been found that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess the advantages of high specific surface area, high porosity, chemical stability, tunability of structure and biocompatibility.

The effect of postpartum nursing guidance on early pelvic floor dysfunction recovery in women of advanced maternal age: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of postpartum nursing guidance in the treatment of early pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) in women of advanced maternal age.

Methods: A total of 146 patients of advanced maternal age admitted to our hospital between January and December 2021 were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the experimental group, with 73 patients in each group. Parturients in the control group received routine pelvic floor rehabilitation treatment, whereas those in the experimental group were given individualized postpartum nursing guidance alongside routine pelvic floor rehabilitation treatment.

Improving communication and patient information recall via a question prompt list: randomized clinical trial.

Background: Patient-surgeon communication is an important component of the success of a consultation and is known to impact patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a document called a question prompt list, containing suggested questions that a patient may like to ask their doctor, improved communication.

Methods: A prospective RCT was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022 at The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.

Focused ultrasound: a novel therapy for improving vaginal microecology in patients with high-risk HPV infection.

Objectives: To investigate changes in vaginal microecology in women with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection after focused ultrasound (FU) treatment.

Materials And Methods: We collected vaginal secretions at the time of admission and 3 months after FU treatment from 169 women who received FU treatment for cervical HR-HPV infection between July 2020 and September 2022. Among them, there were 101 patients with cute vaginitis, we also collected their vaginal secretions after one week of drug treatment.

Patient focused interventions and communication in the surgical clinic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Communication is the foundation of a strong doctor-patient relationship. Holistic care of the patient involves good communication and empathy. There are various tools and interventions aimed at increasing the Surgeon's performance, but these have the drawback of heavy cost and time commitments.

Improving Surgical Excellence: Can Coaching Surgeons Improve Patient Engagement?

Introduction: Non-technical skills complement technical skills in surgeons to provide best possible care for patients. The former is essential to promote patient engagement. Coaching has been introduced to surgeons as a method to improve non-technical skills.

Patient prompts in surgical consultations: A systematic review.

Background: Quality communication has been found to improve patient outcomes. Despite good communication, information may still be forgotten or misunderstood by patients. A question prompt list is a document to help patients ask questions.

Can Checklists Solve Our Ward Round Woes? A Systematic Review.

Background: Accurate and thorough surgical ward round documentation is crucial for maintaining quality clinical care. Accordingly, checklists have been proposed to improve ward round documentation. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the literature investigating the use of checklists to improve surgical ward round documentation.

Analysis of surgical mortality in rural South Australia: a review of four major rural hospital in South Australia.

Background: One-third of Australia's population reside in rural and remote areas. This audit aims to describe all-causes of mortality in rural general surgical patients, and identify areas of improvement.

Methods: This is a retrospective multi-centre study involving four South Australian hospitals (Mt Gambier, Whyalla, Port Augusta, and Port Lincoln).

Is four years enough? An audit of post-hepatectomy surveillance for liver metastases.

Background: Optimal timing and modality of surveillance post hepatectomy for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CLM) has not been established. Recommendations vary between countries and surgical units. Individual clinicians do not always adhere to guidelines.

Simultaneous Electrochemical Exfoliation and Covalent Functionalization of MoS Membrane for Ion Sieving.

Transition metal dichalcogenide membranes exhibit good antiswelling properties but poor water desalination property. Here, a one-step covalent functionalization of MoS nanosheets for membrane fabrication is reported, which is accomplished by simultaneous exfoliating and grafting the lithium-ion-intercalated MoS in organic iodide water solution. The lithium intercalation amount in MoS is optimized so that the quality of the produced 2D nanosheets is improved with homogeneous size distribution.

[Detection of the antigenic peptides in pHLA complexes by ultrafiltration-high performance liquid chromatography].

Recombinant HLA-Ⅰ molecules/antigenic peptide complexes (pHLA complexes) are applied in the research of human T cell-specific immune responses. The preparation of pHLA complex is based on genetic engineering and protein dilution and folding-refolding technology. In an refolding system, recombinant HLA-Ⅰ molecules correctly fold and bind with antigenic peptides to form complexes.

Do you have any questions? An analysis of question asking patterns in surgical outpatient consultations.

Background: Patient centred communication ensures patients are well informed and educated, which is vital to providing the best care possible. By asking questions, patients can better understand their disease and make informed decisions regarding their health journey. We aimed to investigate factors that affect question asking behaviours in surgical outpatient consultations and to determine the typical question-asking by doctors, patients, and their companions.

Once in a Bile - the Incidence of Bile Reflux Post-Bariatric Surgery.

Purpose: Excellent metabolic improvement following one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) remains compromised by the risk of esophageal bile reflux and theoretical carcinogenic potential. No 'gold standard' investigation exists for esophageal bile reflux, with diverse methods employed in the few studies evaluating it post-obesity surgery. As such, data on the incidence and severity of esophageal bile reflux is limited, with comparative studies lacking.

Splenic artery embolization improves outcomes and decreases the length of stay in hemodynamically stable blunt splenic injuries - A level 1 Australian Trauma centre experience.

Background: Splenic injuries are the most common visceral injury following blunt abdominal trauma. Increasingly, non-operative management (NOM) and the use of adjunctive splenic angioembolization (ASE) is favoured over operative management (OM) for the hemodynamically stable patient. However, clinical predictors for successful NOM, particularly the role of ASE as an adjunct, remain poorly defined.