Proteomic analysis identifies intracellular targets for avian coronavirus NSP10.

Avian coronavirus, also known as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis (IB). The non-structural proteins (NSPs) of IBV are critical for viral replication and for evading the host's immune response. The innate immune response serves as the first line of defense against viral infections.

Trends in opioid dispensing to injured workers following codeine scheduling changes in Australia: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence and patterns of opioid analgesic and pain medicine dispenses, and the impact of up-scheduling of low-dose (≤15 mg) codeine-containing products to Australians with accepted workers' compensation time loss claims for musculoskeletal conditions between 2010 and 2019.

Design: Interrupted time series.

Setting: Workers' compensation scheme in Victoria, Australia.

Longitudinal Patterns of Opioid Dispensing Dosages for Compensated Australian Workers with Low Back Pain: A 3.5-Year Follow-Up Study.

Objective: To identify longitudinal patterns in opioid dispensing dosages for workers with low back pain within a workers' compensation setting and to explore the risk factors associated with high-dose and persistent opioid use.

Method: We included workers with accepted claims for low back pain received by insurers between 01/01/2010 and 30/06/2016, with a follow-up period of 3.5 years (data censoring on 31/12/2020) across Victoria.

Novel Feruloyl Esterase from Endophyte RYF1 and Its Application in the Production of Verbasoside and Hydroxysalidroside.

Verbasoside and hydroxysalidroside are derivatives of phenylethanol glycosides (PhGs) that exhibit a range of pharmacological activities and also serve as valuable precursors for synthesizing other more complex PhGs. However, chemical synthesis and plant extraction for large-scale production are impractical to date. Here, 79 fungi from four types of PhG-containing plants and their rhizospheric soils were screened out, and endophyte RYF1 from was identified with the ability to generate verbasoside from decaffeoyl acteoside.

What influences Australian pharmacists' decisions to supply opioids? Results from a survey and randomised controlled factorial experiment.

Introduction: Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMP) identify medication-related risks to support clinical decision-making. This study aims to report prescription medication refusal rates based on PDMP alerts and determine how PDMP alerts and other characteristics influence pharmacists' decisions to supply opioids.

Methods: Pharmacists completed an online survey and randomised controlled factorial experiment.

The Predictive Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase for Viral Suppression in Newly Diagnosed People Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) is crucial for achieving viral suppression and improving clinical outcomes. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels serve as a readily accessible and rapid clinical biomarker, has significant predictive potential in various viral diseases. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of LDH levels for viral suppression in the context of rapid ART initiation.

Structural and physicochemical properties and changes in vitro digestion and fermentation of soluble dietary fiber from tea residues modified by fermentation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the structure, physicochemical properties, and changes in vitro digestion and fermentation between unfermented tea residue dietary fiber (UDF) and fermented tea residue soluble dietary fiber (FSDF). The results showed that soluble dietary fiber in FSDF was increased from 2.54 % to 15.

Australian Community Pharmacists' Preparedness to Offer and Discuss Hepatitis C Testing and Treatment With Pharmacy Clients: A Representative Cross-Sectional Survey.

The World Health Organisation (WHO) has set goals to eliminate hepatitis C (HCV) as a global health threat by 2030. To meet this goal, Australia must increase testing and diagnosis, including expanding access to care through community pharmacists. This study aims to explore community pharmacists' preparedness to discuss and offer HCV testing and treatment.

Clustering Cu-S based compounds using periodic table representation and compositional Wasserstein distance.

Crystal structure similarity is useful for the chemical analysis of nowadays big materials databases and data mining new materials. Here we propose to use two-dimensional Wasserstein distance (earth mover's distance) to measure the compositional similarity between different compounds, based on the periodic table representation of compositions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, 1586 Cu-S based compounds are taken from the inorganic crystal structure database (ICSD) to form a validation dataset.

Opioid prescribing prevalence and initiation rates in Victoria, Australia: insights from primary care data during a period of opioid policy changes (2017-2022).

Background: Opioid medications are widely prescribed for acute, chronic and cancer pain. In Australia, opioid prescribing rates remain high.

Aim: This study aimed to document patterns of primary care opioid prescribing from 2017 to 2022 by demographic characteristics in Victoria, Australia.

Senescent Fibroblasts Drive FAP/OLN Imbalance Through mTOR Signaling to Exacerbate Inflammation and Bone Resorption in Periodontitis.

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), predominantly expressed in activated fibroblasts, plays a key role in inflammatory bone diseases, but its role in periodontitis remains unclear. Accordingly, this study identified a positive association between FAP levels and periodontitis susceptibility using Mendelian randomization analysis. Human and mouse periodontitis tissues show elevated FAP and reduced osteolectin (OLN), an endogenous FAP inhibitor, indicating a FAP/OLN imbalance.

Ginsenoside Rh2 promotes cell apoptosis in T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia by MAPK and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is a common childhood malignant tumour, which has poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2), a bioactive ingredient of has significant anti-tumour effect. In this study, we found that gene expressions of Jurkat cells were significantly changed in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathways after 35 µm GRh2 treatment, involving in JUN, PIEN, AKT3 and MAPK8IP2.

Australian community pharmacists' experiences of prescription drug monitoring programs: Comparisons between mandated and nonmandated states.

Background: Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) track patients' prescription records for high-risk medications and prompt real-time alerts to pharmacists when specific criteria are met. PDMPs are increasingly implemented by health care systems to attempt to mitigate harms associated with prescription opioids.

Objective: This study aims to explore and compare PDMP experiences among Australian community pharmacists from states where PDMP use is mandated and nonmandated.

Divergent Access to Polycyclic Fluorenofuran Systems via Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Furan-Participated Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reactions.

The Pd-catalyzed reaction of 1-(2-iodophenyl)-3-arylprop-2-yn-1-ones with benzene-tethered furan-ynes produces novel fused hexacyclic indenone-furan scaffolds, while the reaction with propargyl furfuryl ethers affords the pentacyclic indenone-spirodifuran system. The thiophene-containing alkynes also proceed by similar transformations. A mechanism involving the Pd-catalyzed coupling and propargylic Alder-ene reaction to generate the indenone-allene intermediate, followed by an intramolecular furan/thiophene-participated inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction, is proposed.

Deterioration characterization of sandstone physical and mechanical properties under mining and water action.

Mining geological disasters occur frequently in Guizhou, with mine mining and rainfall-induced avalanche geological disasters mainly, the investigation concluded that the hard rock of the overlying slide body is mostly sandstone, and it is crucial to study the physical and mechanical properties of sandstone under the action of mine mining (hereinafter referred to as the action of mining) and water action. The paper analyzes the deterioration characteristics of sandstone hydrophysical and mechanical properties under the action of mining and water. The main research results are as follows: (1) The water absorption rate of sandstone increased by 0.

Baseline MRI-based radiomics improving the recurrence risk stratification in rectal cancer patients with negative carcinoembryonic antigen: A multicenter cohort study.

Objectives: Surveillance of rectal cancer recurrence in patients with negative pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is challenging. This study aimed to develop the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based radiomics models to predict rectal cancer recurrence in CEA-negative patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective multicenter study consecutively enrolled rectal cancer patients with negative pretreatment CEA diagnosed between November 2012 and November 2018 from three medical centers.

Melanoidins from Shanxi aged vinegar: Characterization and behavior after in vitro simulated digestion and colonic fermentation.

This study aims to elucidate the structure, physicochemical properties, and potential behavior of vinegar melanoidins (VM) during digestion and intestinal microbial fermentation in vitro. Our findings revealed that VM mainly consisted of carbohydrates. The particle size (166.

Serum iron status is associated with all-cause mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a prospective, observational study.

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests a close crosstalk between iron status and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, this cohort study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum iron status and all-cause mortality in individuals with MASLD.

Simiao Wan attenuates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice by modulating the gut microbiota-bile acid axis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hyperlipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder and a risk factor for obesity, diabetes, and coronary heart disease. It occurs mostly in the old adults; however, its incidence rate is increasing annually and there is a trend towards younger adults. Current clinical drugs for treating hyperlipidemia have multiple side effects.

[Synergistic effect of Coptidis Rhizoma processed with Euodiae Fructus on ulcerative colitis through energy metabolism].

Based on the differences in targeted energy metabolomics, intestinal barrier protein expression, and glucose transport,the synergistic mechanism of Coptidis Rhizoma(CR) processed with Euodiae Fructus(ECR) on ulcerative colitis(UC) was explored.Mice were administered 4% dextran sulfate sodium to induce UC model, and then randomly divided into a model group, a CR group,and an ECR group. After 14 days of treatment, the therapeutic effect of processing on UC was assessed through histopathology of colon tissue and inflammatory indexes.

Impact of codeine rescheduling on prescribing of codeine and other opioids: Interrupted time series analyses using Australian general practice data.

Aims: We aimed to determine the impact of codeine rescheduling on prescribing of codeine and other opioids, with a focus on demographic and diagnoses associated with codeine prescribing before and after rescheduling of codeine to prescription-only in February 2018.

Methods: We used interrupted time series analysis (February 2016-February 2020) and probit regression to examine prescribing of codeine and other opioids according to primary care data from 464 general practice clinics in Victoria, Australia.

Results: The rate of codeine prescribing increased in the month following rescheduling (additional 76 people/10000, 95% confidence interval [CI] 49-103), then declined to baseline rates (slope -2.

Utility of Promoter in Development of an Effective CRISPR/Cas9 System for Soybean Genome Editing and Its Application in Engineering of Soybean Seeds Producing Super-High Oleic and Low Saturated Oils.

This study reports the use of the promoter () to develop an efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system for soybean genome editing. When this promoter was paired with promoters to drive Cas9 and single guide RNA expression, respectively, simultaneous editing of the three fatty acid desaturase genes , , and occurred in more than 60% of transgenic soybean lines at T generation, and all the triple mutants possessed desirable high-oleic traits. In sharp contrast, not a single line underwent simultaneous editing of the three target genes when was replaced by the widely used promoter.

Human-Exoskeleton Coupling Simulation for Lifting Tasks with Shoulder, Spine, and Knee-Joint Powered Exoskeletons.

In this study, we introduce a two-dimensional (2D) human skeletal model coupled with knee, spine, and shoulder exoskeletons. The primary purpose of this model is to predict the optimal lifting motion and provide torque support from the exoskeleton through the utilization of inverse dynamics optimization. The kinematics and dynamics of the human model are expressed using the Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) representation.

Integrated deep learning model for automatic detection and classification of stenosis in coronary angiography.

Coronary artery disease poses a significant threat to human health. In clinical settings, coronary angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosing coronary heart disease. A crucial aspect of this diagnosis involves detecting arterial narrowings.

Intraoperative radiotherapy: An alternative to whole-breast external beam radiotherapy in the management of highly selective breast cancer: A SEER database analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to verify if intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) can achieve the same survival outcome as whole-breast external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in early breast cancer after breast-conserving surgery (BCS), and to explore the suitable candidates that can safely receive IORT after BCS.

Methods: Eligible post-BCS patients who received IORT or EBRT were included in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2018. Risk factors that affected 5-year overall survival (OS) or breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) were identified by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis.