Molecular characterization and structure basis of a malonyltransferase with both substrate promiscuity and catalytic regiospecificity from .

Enzymatic malonylation of natural glycosides provides a promising alternative method for drug-like malonylated glycosides supply. However, the catalytic potential and structural basis of plant malonyltransferase are far from being fully elucidated. This work identified a new malonyltransferase CtMaT1 from It displayed unprecedented mono- and/or di-malonylation activity toward diverse glucosides with different aglycons.

Identification of the key genes of tuberculosis and construction of a diagnostic model via weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease with high mortality, and mining key genes for TB diagnosis is vital to raise the survival rate of patients.

Methods: The whole microarray datasets GSE83456 (training set) and GSE19444 (validation set) of TB patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differential expression was conducted on genes between TB and normal samples (unconfirmed TB) in GSE83456 to yield TB-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Enzymatic biosynthesis of novel 2-(2-phenylethyl)chromone glycosides catalyzed by UDP-glycosyltransferase UGT71BD1.

2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromones (PECs) are the main bioactive components of agarwood which showed diverse pharmaceutical activities. Glycosylation is a useful structural modification method to improve compounds' druggability. However, PEC glycosides were rarely reported in nature which largely limited their further medicinal investigations and applications.

Performance evaluation and clinical validation of optimized nucleotide MALDI-TOF-MS for mycobacterial identification.

Objective: To evaluate the performance and validate the diagnostic value of a nucleotide matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) with the analysis process optimized in identification of mycobacterium species.

Methods: The optimized analysis process was used for mycobacterial identification in the nucleic MALDI-TOF-MS. 108 samples were used for assessing the performance of nucleic MALDI-TOF-MS, including 25 reference standards, 37 clinical isolates, 37 BALF, and 9 plasmids.

Drill-and-prechop technique: modification of the drill-and-crack technique for mature cataracts.

Background: There are some techniques for disassembly of hard nuclear. It is challenging in hard cataract surgery through microincision. The classic chop or prechop techniques often do not succeed,resulting in incomplete nuclear segmentation.

Acute toxicological study: EZY-1 with potent therapeutic effects of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and its mechanisms.

EZY-1 is an antifibrosis peptide purified from Eucheuma. In this study, we explored the acute toxicology of EZY-1 and the signaling pathways involved in its antifibrotic role. The mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was induced by bleomycin.

Differential gene expression analysis after DAPK1 knockout in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: The mechanism through which death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) causes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify key proteins that were altered after DAPK1 knockout.

Methods: Stable DAPK1 knockout HCC cell lines were established, then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of HCC were screened using the NetworkAnalyst database and enriched using the Metascape software.

Glycosylation of Aromatic Glycosides by a Promiscuous Glycosyltransferase UGT71BD1 from .

Multiple-glycosylated glycosides are a major source of bioactive leads. However, most of the currently reported glycosyltransferases (GTases) mainly catalyze glycosylation of aglycones without sugar group substitution. GTases accepting diverse glycosides as substrates are rarely reported.

Proteomic Quantification of Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation Profile Alterations in Lung Adenocarcinomas of Non-Smoking Females.

Background: Epidemiological surveys in recent years have shown that the incidence of female lung adenocarcinomas has multiplied in both smoking and non-smoking populations. The cause of lung adenocarcinomas is still not clear. Protein post-translational modification is one of the causes of the development of cancer cells.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy of patient with both hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma: a case report and review of literature.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare cancer-related complication characterized by intimal proliferation in the pulmonary small arteries with or without tumor emboli, which can be fatal due to progressive pulmonary hypertension (PH). And PTTM is hard to be confirmed during lifetime; hence, it is vital to pay more attention to high-risk PTTM, which may progress quickly. PTTM patients have an extremely poor prognosis.

Molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of a new coumarin glycosyltransferase CtUGT1 from Cistanche tubulosa.

UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are an important and functionally diverse family of enzymes involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Coumarin is one of the most common skeletons of natural products with candidate pharmacological activities. However, to date, many reported GTs from plants mainly recognized flavonoids as sugar acceptors.

Tachyplesin induces apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells and enhances the chemosensitivity of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin by activating Fas and necroptosis pathway.

Cisplatin has strong broad-spectrum anticancer activity and is one of the most effective anticancer drugs currently used. The clinical application of cisplatin has led to the resistance of cancer cells to cisplatin. Tachyplesin is an active, natural marine peptide with antitumour activity.

Scleral concave pool trabeculectomy combined phacoemulsification in primary open-angle glaucoma with cataract.

Background: To investigate the safety and efficacy of scleral concave pool trabeculectomy (SCPT) combined phacoemulsification for eyes with coexisting cataract and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: This was a retrospective, controlled, interventional pilot case series. Thirty patients (30 eyes) were diagnosed with coexisting cataract and POAG between May 2015 and April 2018.

[Long-term exposure to high altitude affects spatial working memory in migrants-evidence from time and frequency domain analysis].

Long-term exposure to high altitude affects spatial working memory. Previous studies have focused on the analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) components in time domain rather than in frequency domain. To explore the influence of long-term high altitude exposure on time dynamic characteristics and neural oscillation process of the spatial working memory, n-back task combined with the technology of event related potential recording was performed on 20 young migrants who grew at low altitude before the age of 18 and moved to high altitude more than three years ago, and 21 young people who had never been to the high altitude.

Potential Role of circPVT1 as a proliferative factor and treatment target in esophageal carcinoma.

Background: Many circRNAs have been reported to play important roles in cancer development and have the potential to serve as a novel class of biomarkers for clinical diagnosis. However, the role of circRNAs in esophageal carcinoma (EC) remains unclear. In the current study, we investigated the potential role of circPVT1 in esophageal carcinoma.

[Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from Huperzia serrata and their metabolites' inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities].

A total of 27 endophytic fungal strains were isolated from Huperzia serrata,which were richly distributed in the stems and leaves while less distributed in roots. The 27 strains were identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer( ITS) r DNA molecular method and one of the strains belongs to Basidiomycota phylum,and other 26 stains belong to 26 species,9 general,6 families,5 orders,3 classes of Ascomycota Phylum. The dominant strains were Colletotrichum genus,belonging to Glomerellaceae family,Glomerellales order,Sordariomycetes class,Ascomycota Phylum,with the percentage of 48.

Role of LptD in Resistance to Glutaraldehyde and Pathogenicity in .

is a gram-negative bacterium that causes disease in ducks and other birds. Despite being an important pathogen in poultry, the pathogenesis and drug resistance mechanisms of this bacterium are poorly understood. An analysis of our unpublished RNA-Seq data showed that , a gene encoding one of the lipopolysaccharide transport components, is transcribed at higher levels in strain CH-1 than in strain ATCC11845.

Osimertinib-induced severe interstitial lung disease: A case report.

Lung cancer is globally one of the leading causes of malignant tumor-related mortality and ranks as having the highest incidence found in men and second in women. Osimertinib is a drug used to target lung cancer but its toxicity is not fully understood. Here we present a case of lung adenocarcinoma in a 78-year-old man that was treated and responded favorably with Osimertinib after the failure of other therapies.

Does periurethral cleaning with water prior to indwelling urinary catheterization increase the risk of urinary tract infections? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To determine whether periurethral cleaning with water before indwelling urinary catheterization increases the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) compared with studies using anti-infective agents.

Methods: A literature search via MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through October 2017 and a manual search of references for additional relevant studies. Trials studying clean intermittent catheterization were excluded.

3,5-Dimethylorsellinic Acid Derived Meroterpenoids from Penicillium chrysogenum MT-12, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Huperzia serrata.

Eight new chrysogenolides (A-H (1-8)) and seven known (9-15) 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid derived meroterpenoids were isolated from the solid substrate fermentation cultures of a Huperzia serrata endophytic fungus, Penicillium chrysogenum MT-12. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic and spectrometric data (1D and 2D NMR, IR, and HRESIMS). The absolute configurations of 1-4 were determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis, and those of 5-8 were assigned on the basis of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra.

Nitric oxide inhibitory polyketides from Penicillium chrysogenum MT-12, an endophytic fungus isolated from Huperzia serrata.

Twelve new polyketides, penicichrysogenins A-L (1-10, 11a, and 11b) along with five known compounds (12a, 12b, and 13-15) were isolated from the solid substrate fermentation cultures of a Huperzia serrata endophytic fungus Penicillium chrysogenum MT-12. The structures of the new compounds were established using extensive spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR, IR, and HRESIMS) and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) methods. Compounds 11a/11b and 12a/12b were two pairs of enantiomers successfully separated by chiral HPLC resolution.

Effect of Fu-Zheng-Xiao-Liu Granules on Expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER-2) and Proliferation and Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cell Line SKBR-3.

BACKGROUND Previous research showed that granulized Fu-Zheng-Xiao-Liu has a significant effect on breast cancer. However, it remains unclear whether HER-2 plays a role in this anti-cancer effect. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum of male SD rats administered Fu-Zheng-Xiao-Liu granules (SF) was prepared and used to treat HER-2 positive breast cancer cell line SKBR-3.

Dickkopf 2 promotes proliferation and invasion via Wnt signaling in prostate cancer.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling dysregulation is involved in tumorigenesis. Furthermore, epigenetic modification of the Dickkopf (DKK) family (DKK1‑4) has been shown to be important in the regulation of Wnt signaling. However, the functions and mechanism of DKK2 in the development and progression of prostate cancer remain unclear.

Rapid Microcystin Determination Using a Paper Spray Ionization Method with a Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry System.

The eutrophication of surface water sources and climate changes have resulted in an annual explosion of cyanobacterial blooms in many irrigating and drinking water resources. To decrease health risks to the public, a rapid real time method for the synchronous determination of two usually harmful microcystins (MC-RR and MC-LR) in environmental water samples was built by employing a paper spray ionization method coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer system. With this approach, direct analysis of microcystin mixtures without sample preparation has been achieved.

[Research progress of plant BAHD acyltransferase family].

Acylation conducted by acyltransferase is a ubiquitous process in structure modification of secondary metabolites. It plays an important role in the structural diversity of natural products and contributes significantly to their improved stabilities, increased solubilities, and enhanced bioavailabilities. BAHD acyltransferase family is a typical kind of acyltransferase original from plants, which involved in the biosynthesis of various bioactive acylated natural products.