[Research advances in model simulation and data assimilation of water and carbon fluxes in land surface vegetation].

Accurately estimating water and carbon fluxes is of great significance for the research in land surface water and carbon cycles. However, it is very challenging. The estimation accuracy needs further improvement.

[Temporal and spatial heterogeneity analysis of optimal value of sensitive parameters in ecological process model: The BIOME-BGC model as an example.].

The ecological process models are powerful tools for studying terrestrial ecosystem water and carbon cycle at present. However, there are many parameters for these models, and weather the reasonable values of these parameters were taken, have important impact on the models simulation results. In the past, the sensitivity and the optimization of model parameters were analyzed and discussed in many researches.

[Study on the conductivity properties of lightning channel by spectroscopy].

Combining the spectra of cloud-to-ground lightning return obtained by a slit-less spectrograph with the transport theory of air plasma, the electrical conductivity in one discharge channel was calculated with different methods. The results show that the conductivity of the lightning channel core is of the order of 10(4) S m-1; the conductivity goes down with the increase in the channel height in the same channel; the contributions of the collisions between electron and first or second degree ionized atoms, and electron-electron as well as ion-ion collisions to the electrical conductivity of the lightning channel core can not be neglected; the collision integrals method is more reasonable for calculating the conductivity of the lightning channel core. Based on the conductivity, the discharge current was estimated and compared with the peak current of every return stroke, and the results are in the reasonable range, further, the correlation between the channel temperature and the discharge characteristics is discussed, which provides a practical way for this aspect.

[Simulation of water and carbon fluxes in harvard forest area based on data assimilation method].

Model simulation and in situ observation are the two most important means in studying the water and carbon cycles of terrestrial ecosystems, but have their own advantages and shortcomings. To combine these two means would help to reflect the dynamic changes of ecosystem water and carbon fluxes more accurately. Data assimilation provides an effective way to integrate the model simulation and in situ observation.