Center of mass states render multijoint torques throughout standing balance recovery.

Successful reactive balance control requires coordinated modulation of hip, knee, and ankle torques. Stabilizing joint torques arise from neurally-mediated feedforward tonic muscle activation that modulates muscle short-range stiffness, which provides instantaneous "mechanical feedback" to the perturbation. In contrast, neural feedback pathways activate muscles in response to sensory input, generating joint torques after a delay.

Comparative efficacy of programmed death ligand 1 inhibition and chemotherapy in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer with combined positive score - a meta-analysis.

Advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer (G/GEJC) poses significant therapeutic challenges. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly targeting programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), have emerged as promising agents to enhance patient outcomes. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitors compared to chemotherapy in patients with advanced G/GEJC characterised by varying combined positive scores (CPS).

The cognitive neuroscience and neurocognitive rehabilitation of dance.

Creative movement, in the form of music- and dance-based exercise and rehabilitation, can serve as a model for learning and memory, visuospatial orientation, mental imagery, and multimodal sensory-motor integration. This review summarizes the advancement in cognitive neuroscience aimed at determining cognitive processes and brain structural and functional correlates involved in dance or creative movement, as well as the cognitive processes which accompany such activities. We synthesize the evidence for the use of cognitive, motor, and cognitive-motor function in dance as well as dance's potential application in neurological therapy and neurorehabilitation.

Personalized tourniquet pressure versus uniform tourniquet pressure in trauma orthopedic surgery of extremities: a prospective randomized controlled study.

Background: Tourniquets are widely used in limb fracture surgeries. Controversies still exist about the pressure inflated, including unified tourniquet inflation pressure (UTIP) and personalized tourniquet inflation pressure (PTIP). This study evaluated the hemostatic effect between UTIP and PTIP based on systolic blood pressure (SBP) in extremity fracture patients.

Differences in cardiovascular outcomes between men and women with acute pancreatitis.

Introduction: The risk of cardiovascular disease increases in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). However, it remains unknown whether this increase varies between sexes.

Objectives: Our aim was to assess sex differences in cardiovascular outcomes in AP patients during long‑term follow‑up.

Delayed Cortical Responses During Reactive Balance After Stroke Associated With Slower Kinetics and Clinical Balance Dysfunction.

Background: Slowed balance and mobility after stroke have been well-characterized. Yet the effects of unilateral cortical lesions on whole-body neuromechanical control is poorly understood, despite increased reliance on cortical resources for balance and mobility with aging. We tested whether individuals post stroke show impaired cortical responses evoked during reactive balance, and the effect of asymmetrical interlimb contributions to balance recovery and the evoked cortical response.

Global incidence trends of autoimmune diseases from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2050: A systemic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: The analysis of the incidence trends of four autoimmune diseases (ADs) globally from 1990 to 2021, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), and psoriasis, reveals significant patterns of change, which further projects the incidence of these diseases at the global, regional, and national levels up to the year 2050.

Methods: The estimates for the number of incident cases and age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR), along with the 95 % uncertainty intervals (UI) for RA, IBD, MS and psoriasis, were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was used to quantify the global incidence trends of these four ADs from 1990 to 2021.

Center of mass states render multi-joint torques throughout standing balance recovery.

Unlabelled: Successful reactive balance control requires coordinated modulation of hip, knee, and ankle torques. Stabilizing joint torques arise from feedforward neural signals that modulate the musculoskeletal system's intrinsic mechanical properties, namely muscle short-range stiffness, and neural feedback pathways that activate muscles in response to sensory input. Although feedforward and feedback pathways are known to modulate the torque at each joint, the role of each pathway to the balance-correcting response across joints is poorly understood.

Gait signature changes with walking speed are similar among able-bodied young adults despite persistent individual-specific differences.

Understanding individuals' distinct movement patterns is crucial for health, rehabilitation, and sports. Recently, we developed a machine learning-based framework to show that "gait signatures" describing the neuromechanical dynamics governing able-bodied and post-stroke gait kinematics remain individual-specific across speeds. However, we only evaluated gait signatures within a limited speed range and number of participants, using only sagittal plane (i.

Ethnokinesiology: towards a neuromechanical understanding of cultural differences in movement.

Each individual's movements are sculpted by constant interactions between sensorimotor and sociocultural factors. A theoretical framework grounded in motor control mechanisms articulating how sociocultural and biological signals converge to shape movement is currently missing. Here, we propose a framework for the emerging field of aiming to provide a conceptual space and vocabulary to help bring together researchers at this intersection.

Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma enhanced the effect of metoprolol in chronic heart failure by inhibiting autophagy in male C57BL/6J mice.

Background: Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (GS) is frequently used as an adjuvant therapy for patients with heart failure (HF). Metoprolol is widely used in patients with HF. However, there is no report on the combined effects of GS and metoprolol in patients with HF.

Single Atom Ag Bonding Between PF3T Nanocluster and TiO Leads the Ultra-Stable Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic H Production.

Atomic Ag cluster bonding is employed to reinforce the interface between PF3T nano-cluster and TiO nanoparticle. With an optimized Ag loading (Ag/TiO = 0.5 wt%), the Ag atoms will uniformly disperse on TiO thus generating a high density of intermediate states in the band gap to form the electron channel between the terthiophene group of PF3T and the TiO in the hybrid composite (denoted as T@Ag05-P).

PANCREATIC FAT CONTENT PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS SIMILAR TO THAT OF LIVER FAT CONTENT.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health problem worldwide. Earlier studies have reported that pancreatic fat content (PFC) and liver fat content (LFC) are risk factors for T2DM. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the relationship between PFC, LFC and T2DM.

Combined translational and rotational perturbations of standing balance reveal contributions of reduced reciprocal inhibition to balance impairments in children with cerebral palsy.

Balance impairments are common in cerebral palsy. When balance is perturbed by backward support surface translations, children with cerebral palsy have increased co-activation of the plantar flexors and tibialis anterior muscle as compared to typically developing children. However, it is unclear whether increased muscle co-activation is a compensation strategy to improve balance control or is a consequence of reduced reciprocal inhibition.

Microstructural Changes in the Cerebral White Matter After 12 Months of CPAP Treatment for Moderate to Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnoea: A TBSS Study.

Introduction: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy improves clinical symptoms in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA); however, the mechanism of this clinical improvement and how it may be associated with the restoration of white matter (WM) structures in the brain is unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the structural recovery of brain WM and improvements in cognitive function and emotion after long-term (12 months) CPAP treatment in patients with OSA.

Methods: We collected data from 17 patients with OSA before and 12 months after CPAP treatment, including sleep monitoring, clinical assessment, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) magnetic resonance imaging.

Gait signature changes with walking speed are similar among able-bodied young adults despite persistent individual-specific differences.

Understanding individuals' distinct movement patterns is crucial for health, rehabilitation, and sports. Recently, we developed a machine learning-based framework to show that "gait signatures" describing the neuromechanical dynamics governing able-bodied and post-stroke gait kinematics remain individual-specific across speeds. However, we only evaluated gait signatures within a limited speed range and number of participants, using only sagittal plane (i.

Room-Temperature Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks using Gamma-Irradiation in Open-Air Conditions.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), which have layered stacking structures, extended π-conjugation, and periodic frameworks have become a promising class of materials for a wide range of applications. However, their synthetic pathways frequently need high temperatures, enclosed systems under high pressures, an inert atmosphere, and extended reaction time, which restrict their practicality in real-world applications. Herein, the use of gamma irradiation is presented to synthesize highly crystalline COFs at room temperature under an open-air condition within a short time.

Precise cortical contributions to sensorimotor feedback control during reactive balance.

The role of the cortex in shaping automatic whole-body motor behaviors such as walking and balance is poorly understood. Gait and balance are typically mediated through subcortical circuits, with the cortex becoming engaged as needed on an individual basis by task difficulty and complexity. However, we lack a mechanistic understanding of how increased cortical contribution to whole-body movements shapes motor output.

Identification of Neural and Non-Neural Origins of Joint Hyper-Resistance Based on a Novel Neuromechanical Model.

Joint hyper-resistance is a common symptom in neurological disorders. It has both neural and non-neural origins, but it has been challenging to distinguish different origins based on clinical tests alone. Combining instrumented tests with parameter identification based on a neuromechanical model may allow us to dissociate the different origins of joint hyper-resistance in individual patients.

Distinct Cortical Correlates of Perception and Motor Function in Balance Control.

Fluctuations in brain activity alter how we perceive our body and generate movements but have not been investigated in functional whole-body behaviors. During reactive balance, we recently showed that evoked brain activity is associated with the balance ability in young individuals. Furthermore, in PD, impaired whole-body motion perception in reactive balance is associated with impaired balance.

The rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz improve gastrointestinal health and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant mice via modulating intestinal barrier and water-fluid metabolism.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Baizhu (BZ) is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (Compositae), which invigorates the spleen, improves vital energy, stabilizes the fetus, and is widely used for treating spleen deficiency syndrome. However, the impact of BZ on gastrointestinal function during pregnancy remains unexplored.

Aim Of The Study: This study elucidated the ameliorative effects of BZ on gastrointestinal health and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant mice with spleen deficiency diarrhea (SDD).

Low-force human-human hand interactions induce gait changes through sensorimotor engagement instead of direct mechanical effects.

Physical human-robot interactions (pHRI) often provide mechanical force and power to aid walking without requiring voluntary effort from the human. Alternatively, principles of physical human-human interactions (pHHI) can inspire pHRI that aids walking by engaging human sensorimotor processes. We hypothesize that low-force pHHI can intuitively induce a person to alter their walking through haptic communication.