Fidelity Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and NADC30-like Strain.

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has significantly impacted the global pork industry for over three decades. Its high mutation rates and frequent recombination greatly intensifies its epidemic and threat. To explore the fidelity characterization of Chinese highly pathogenic PRRSV JXwn06 and the NADC30-like strain CHsx1401, self-recombination and mutation in PAMs, MARC-145 cells, and pigs were assessed.

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the diagnosis of neurobrucellosis.

This study investigates the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in the diagnosis of neurobrucellosis (NB). We retrospectively analyzed patients diagnosed with NB who underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) mNGS testing in Xijing Hospital from 2015 to 2021. Among the 20 individuals included in the study, the serum rose bengal test was positive in 11 out of 16 cases, serum agglutination test was positive in 13 out of 16 cases, CSF culture was positive in 6 out of 11 cases, and CSF mNGS tests were positive in 18 out of 20 cases.

Hydration deactivation mechanism of the 〈100〉 oriented cuprous oxide photocathodes in solar water splitting and the regenerated three-dimensional structure.

Photocorrosion is the most ticklish problem of cuprous oxide (CuO), and it is widely assumed that the deactivation of CuO photocathodes in solar water splitting is caused by spontaneous oxidation-reduction (REDOX) reactions. However, this work shows that 〈100〉-oriented CuO photocathodes undergo a non-REDOX hydration deactivation mechanism. Briefly, water molecules are embedded in the CuO crystals at low potential under illumination and produce amorphous CuOH, which can be dehydrated at high potential to heal the Cu-O-Cu bonds and regenerate foamed CuO films with a three-dimensional skeleton structure.

A Rift Valley fever mRNA vaccine elicits strong immune responses in mice and rhesus macaques.

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is listed as a priority pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO) because it causes serious and fatal disease in humans, and there are currently no effective countermeasures. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a safe and efficacious vaccine. Here, we developed six nucleotide-modified mRNA vaccines encoding different regions of the Gn and Gc proteins of RVFV encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles, compared their ability to induce immune responses in mice and found that mRNA vaccine encoding the full-length Gn and Gc proteins had the strongest ability to induce cellular and humoral immune responses.

An adenovirus-vectored RVF vaccine confers complete protection against lethal RVFV challenge in A129 mice.

Rift valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-transmitted bunyavirus that causes severe disease in animals and humans. Nevertheless, there are no vaccines applied to prevent RVFV infection for human at present. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a safe and effective RVFV vaccine.

Structure analysis of multi-component pastes - The effect of water distribution on the rheological properties.

Techno-functional properties of multi-component blends and ingredients are determined by the contribution of each ingredient and the water distribution between those ingredients in the blends. However, ingredients can consist of multiple components, which should be considered to better understand the properties of ingredients and blends thereof. Recently, empirical models were used to describe the viscosity of mildly refined ingredient blends.

Single-dose of a replication-competent adenovirus-vectored vaccine provides sterilizing protection against Rift Valley fever virus challenge.

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is one of the most important virulent pathogens causing severe disease in animals and humans. However, there is currently no approved vaccine to prevent RVFV infection in humans. The use of human adenovirus serotype 4 (Ad4) as a vector for an RVFV vaccine has not been reported.

The economic impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome outbreak in four Chinese farms: Based on cost and revenue analysis.

The economic impact after the outbreak of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has been proven to be tremendous for pig production worldwide. However, the economic impact of the disease is not well understood in China. In our previous study, we acquired and analyzed the main production data (the number of weaned piglets, health costs, delayed marketing age, etc.

Co-analysis of cucumber rhizosphere metabolites and microbial PLFAs under excessive fertilization in solar greenhouse.

Fertilizer application is the most common measure in agricultural production, which can promote the productivity of crops such as cucumbers, but the problem of excessive fertilization occurs frequently in solar greenhouses. However, the effects of fertilization levels on cucumber rhizosphere soil microbes and metabolites and their relationships are still unclear. In order to determine how fertilization levels affect the rhizosphere microenvironment, we set up four treatments in the solar greenhouse: no-fertilization (N0P0K0), normal fertilization (N1P1K1), slight excessive fertilization (N2P2K2), and extreme excessive fertilization (N3P3K3).

[ST segment morphological classification based on support vector machine multi feature fusion].

ST segment morphology is closely related to cardiovascular disease. It is used not only for characterizing different diseases, but also for predicting the severity of the disease. However, the short duration, low energy, variable morphology and interference from various noises make ST segment morphology classification a difficult task.

Deep Learning-Based Classification of Cancer Cell in Leptomeningeal Metastasis on Cytomorphologic Features of Cerebrospinal Fluid.

Background: It is a critical challenge to diagnose leptomeningeal metastasis (LM), given its technical difficulty and the lack of typical symptoms. The existing gold standard of diagnosing LM is to use positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology, which consumes significantly more time to classify cells under a microscope.

Objective: This study aims to establish a deep learning model to classify cancer cells in CSF, thus facilitating doctors to achieve an accurate and fast diagnosis of LM in an early stage.

The mechanism of N-acetyl-l-cysteine in improving the secretion of porcine follicle-stimulating hormone in Pichia pastoris.

Our previous study revealed that N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) could enhance the secretion of recombinant proteins by Pichia pastoris, but the corresponding molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, we explored whether other thiols have a similar action on the secretion of recombinant human serum albumin and porcine follicle-stimulating hormone fusion protein (HSA-pFSHβ), to reveal the mechanism of NAC on HSA-pFSHβ secretion. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes involved in oxidoreductase activity and oxidation-reduction process were upregulated in cells supplemented with NAC.

In situ confinement pyrolysis of ZIF-67 nanocrystals on hollow carbon spheres towards efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction.

The design and preparation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as self-sacrificed precursors/templates has been considered as a promising strategy in recent years for fabricating metal/carbon electrocatalysts with intriguing architectures and outstanding properties. However, the serious aggregation during the calcination and the poor electron conductivity are still obstacles for these electrocatalysts which need to be urgently solved. Herein, an in situ confinement pyrolysis protocol is reported to transform ZIF-67 nanocrystals on hollow carbon spheres (HCS) to cobalt and nitrogen-enriched carbon shell, resulting in the formation of hierarchical HCS@Co/NC.

Realizing Hydrogen De/Absorption Under Low Temperature for MgH by Doping Mn-Based Catalysts.

Magnesium hydride (MgH) has been considered as a potential material for storing hydrogen, but its practical application is still hindered by the kinetic and thermodynamic obstacles. Herein, Mn-based catalysts (MnCl and Mn) are adopted and doped into MgH to improve its hydrogen storage performance. The onset dehydrogenation temperatures of MnCl and submicron-Mn-doped MgH are reduced to 225 °C and 183 °C, while the un-doped MgH starts to release hydrogen at 315 °C.

Correction to: Evolutionary and recombination analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome isolates in China.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error in GenBank Accession Number.

Data relating to sequencing statistics and the reads and genomic coverage aligning to Taenia solium in the cerebrospinal fluid.

This data can serve as a reference for other next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In the related research article, entitled "Next-Generation Sequencing of Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis", we reported NGS of the CSF might be an auxiliary method for neurocysticercosis (NCC) patients who have complicated manifestations and courses to receive early diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we retrieved the available data about the sequencing statistics of the CSF samples and the number of unique reads and genomic coverage aligning to microorganic sequences.

Next-generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis.

Objective: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic disease of the human central nervous system (CNS). However, a diagnosis of NCC may be hard to make if the specific clinical and routine neuroimaging manifestations are lacking, which hinders physicians from considering further immunodiagnostic tests.

Patients And Methods: Seven patients presented with fever, headache, nausea, cognitive decline, confusion, or progressive leg weakness.

Evolutionary and recombination analysis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome isolates in China.

Seven strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were isolated from 2014 to 2017 in the Shandong province of China and their genomes were sequenced and analyzed. Results showed that all seven of the isolates belong to PRRSV 2, and are clustered into four lineages (lineage 1, 3, 5 and 8) based on comparisons of the ORF5 gene. Comparative analysis of genomes and specific amino acid sites revealed that three of the strains (SDwh1402, SDwh1602 and SDwh1701) have evolved directly from modified live virus (MLV) JXA1-P80, TJM-F92 and IngelvacPRRS.

Seed-mediated synthesis of Au@PtCu nanostars with rich twin defects as efficient and stable electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation reaction.

Pt-based nanocrystals with a twinned structure are highly desirable to achieve high performances in both catalytic activity and durability for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). However, it still remains great challenge for producing such twinned nanocrystals due to the high internal strain energy of Pt. Here we present a seed-mediated approach to generate Au@PtCu nanostars with a five-fold twinned structure using Au decahedra as seeds.

Multiple Active Sites: Lithium Storage Mechanism of Cu-TCNQ as an Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Recently, carboxylate metal-organic framework (MOF) materials were reported to perform well as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs); however, the presumed lithium storage mechanism of MOFs is controversial. To gain insight into the mechanism of MOFs as anode materials for LIBs, a self-supported Cu-TCNQ (TCNQ: 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane) film was fabricated via an in situ redox routine, and directly used as electrode for LIBs. The first discharge and charge specific capacities of the self-supported Cu-TCNQ electrode are 373.

Tailoring the Edge Sites of 2D Pd Nanostructures with Different Fractal Dimensions for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Performance.

The important role of edge sites in atomically thin 2D materials serving as catalysts is already of concerned in plenty of material systems and catalytic reactions, whereas comprehensive study of the edge sites in 2D noble-metal nanocatalysts is still lacking. Herein, for the first time, a controllable etching approach to tailor the fractal dimensions and edge sites of Pd nanosheets is developed and the edge sites in these 2D nanostructures from both structural and chemical aspects are investigated. The as-tailored 2D Pd nanostructures with extra edge sites exhibit substantially enhanced electrocatalytic performance for the formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR).

Multimetallic AuPd@Pd@Pt core-interlayer-shell icosahedral electrocatalysts for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction.

Incorporating Pt with core metals into Pt-based core-shell catalysts is regarded as a promising strategy to substantially enhance the catalytic properties towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells due to the synergetic effect between distinct metals. In this wok, ultrathin Pt skins with two atomic layers were epitaxially coated on as-prepared icosahedral AuPd, AuPd and AuPd nanocrystal seeds, which are constructed with alloyed cores and Pd shells with different thickness. Through electron microscopic characterizations, Pd interlayers with tunable thickness of 3, 6, and 12 atomic layers can be found in the AuPd@Pt, AuPd@Pt and AuPd@Pt icosahedra, respectively.

Signal amplification strategy for biomarkers: Structural origins of epitaxial-growth twinned nanocrystals and D-π-A type polymers.

The combination of nanoparticles and biomarkers yields functional nanostructured biointerface, which is playing a notable role in biotechnology development. Due to the 5-fold twined structure in the Au-Pt star-shaped decahedra not only allowed it to act as efficient scaffold for immobilization of antibody, but it also exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward HO reduction, the nanocrystal as the efficient signal transduction label is first employed to construct an electrochemical immunosensor. Donor-π-Acceptor (D-π-A) linking fashion generates a dipolar push-pull system and assures superior intramolecular charge transfer.

Efficacy evaluation of two commercial modified-live virus vaccines against a novel recombinant type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

NADC30-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causing clinical disease outbreaks has been recently reported in China. The recombination occurring among PRRSV strains could lead to the emergence of novel and more virulent viruses. In our previous study, a novel recombinant type 2 PRRSV (TJnh1501) between NADC30-like and modified-live virus (MLV)-like derived from the Chinese highly pathogenic PRRSV was shown to have higher pathogenicity than NADC30-like PRRSV.