Nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding children's pain assessment and management in Nepal.

Pain is frequently experienced by children in hospital, and international guidelines for appropriate pain assessment and management are available. Optimal management of paediatric pain has important long-term health, psychosocial, and economic benefits. However, evidence indicates that globally there are deficits in nurses' understanding of paediatric pain assessment and management.

Meeting Maternal and Reproductive Health Needs in a Post-Disaster Setting: A Qualitative Case Study From Indonesia.

Meeting and planning for maternal and reproductive health (MRH) needs during post-disaster scenarios is paramount, however, not without considerable challenges. This study was aimed at understanding the provision of MRH services in Siosar, a relocation site for a population displaced by the volcanic eruption in 2013 of Mount Sinabung, Indonesia. A qualitative case study approach was used, and data were collected through focus group discussions and individual interviews with women of reproductive age, community leaders, health personnel, and policymakers.

Maternal and reproductive health (MRH) services during the 2013 eruption of Mount Sinabung: A qualitative case study from Indonesia.

Maternal and reproductive health (MRH) needs are particularly heightened during disasters, affecting the long-term maternal morbidity and mortality. This single case study, drawing on the 2013 eruption of Mount Sinabung, Indonesia, aimed to investigate the experiences of pregnant women and the perspectives of community leaders on the accessibility and the provision of MRH services during the emergency response phase. The study was conducted between August 2017 and April 2018 in the newly relocated villages in Siosar Kabanjahe, Karo district.

Differing perspectives: Evaluation of a new IV pole by children and adults.

Involving children in the evaluation of hospital environments has been recognized as important. It is argued that this should extend to engaging children in the evaluation of medical products. A study was undertaken to evaluate how children, parents/caregivers and nurses viewed the design of a new intravenous (IV) pole compared to the existing IV pole currently used.

Ethical and practical challenges of conducting art-based research with children/young people in the public space of a children's outpatient department.

This article examines the ethical and practical challenges of undertaking a study using art-based methods with children/young people. It is argued that an important component of qualitative research and research with children/young people is researcher reflexivity and flexibility, particularly when the anticipated and actual implemented methods of a study differ. We draw on a study with 175 children/young people aged 5-16 years in a children's outpatients department where 'draw-and-tell' and 'letter writing' were used to elicit children/young people's perceptions of the outpatient environment.

Child Centred Care: Challenging Assumptions and Repositioning Children and Young People.

Theoretical Principles: Against a backdrop of increasing debate regarding children's voice and position within health care and the struggle to effectively implement Family-Centred Care (FCC) in practice, the concept of Child-Centred Care (CCC) has emerged.

Phenomena Addressed: The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of CCC and its potential theoretical alignment with an ecological approach to health care.

Research Linkages: The paper will draw on practice-based research, highlighting the differences and similarities of CC against the more established FCC.

A qualitative study of health professionals' views on the holding of children for clinical procedures: Constructing a balanced approach.

Children undergoing clinical procedures can experience fear, uncertainty, and anxiety which can cause them to become upset and resist procedures. This study aimed to capture an international perspective of how health professionals report they would act if a child was upset and resisted a procedure. An online questionnaire, distributed through network sampling, used three vignettes to elicit qualitative open text responses from health professionals.

Making space work: Staff socio-spatial practices in a paediatric outpatient department.

Studies of the characteristics of therapeutic landscapes have become common in medical geography. However, there is limited analysis of how therapeutic landscapes are produced. Based upon the qualitative theoretical thematic analysis of focus group data, this study examined the spatial work carried out by healthcare practitioners in a paediatric outpatients' department, turning unsatisfactory space into a therapeutic place.

Holding children for procedures: An international survey of health professionals.

Children undergoing clinical procedures can experience pain and/or anxiety. This may result in them being unwilling to cooperate and being held still by parents or health professionals. This study aimed to capture an international perspective of health professionals' reported practices of holding children still for clinical procedures.

Auto-driven Photo Elicitation Interviews in Research with Children: Ethical and Practical Considerations.

Children can sometimes find it difficult to articulate their experiences if they have to rely solely on words. Giving children the opportunity to use arts-based research approaches can support their participation in research and create a bridge that enables them to express their perspectives and feelings. This paper focuses on the ethical and practical considerations when using photo elicitation interviews (PEI) in research with children.

"It's not who I am": Children's experiences of growing up with a long-term condition in England, Australia, and New Zealand.

Purpose: Most studies of growing up with a long-term condition focus on older children and adolescents and are condition-specific. Relatively few studies address the experiences of children in middle childhood or consider their experience across a range of conditions, countries, and health settings. This study aimed to explore children's perceptions and understandings of how their lives are shaped (or not) by a long-term condition and its associated management.

Working in the dark: a hermeneutic inquiry into health professionals' stories of ketamine sedation with children.

Background: Physiological risks of ketamine have been well researched, yet for health professionals (HPs) undertaking paediatric ketamine sedation, questions of benefit and harm remain.

Research Question: What are health care professionals' experiences of undertaking ketamine sedation with children?

Methodology: Hermeneutic narrative.

Methods: The study comprised hermeneutic narrative analysis of stories from seven HPs in nursing, medicine, paramedicine, and play therapy.

Participatory art-based research with children to gain their perspectives on designing healthcare environments.

Background: A study was designed to understand the experiences and needs of children within the public spaces of the Outpatients Department of New Zealand's national children's hospital, Starship Childrens' Directorate.

Aim: To find out from children what they thought about the outpatient environment.

Design: A participatory art based methodology was used.

Children's perspectives in family-centred hospital care.

Background: Children's nursing has developed into its current forms in large part as a result of broader sociopolitical and organisational influences. Family-centred, patient-centred and collaborative approaches are now well established within the lexicon of child healthcare. Children are central to this yet their role within the family-centred care approach is not clear.

Patient advocacy by nurses - past, present and future.

Background: Patient advocacy is central to the nursing profession yet a sense of certainty about the concept, its meaning and its implications for nursing practice remains elusive.

Aim: This scholarly paper examines the concept of patient advocacy and its relevance to the nursing profession in Aotearoa/New Zealand.

Design: A broad historical overview of the evolution of the role of advocacy in nursing practice is provided including factors that encourage or discourage nurses to practice patient advocacy.

What makes a child a 'competent' child?

Competence is a vital component of the informed consent process. The perceived level of a child's competence may influence their degree of participation in health decisions that affect them. It is the responsibility of the health professional to gauge a child's level of competence.

Children's voices in public hospital healthcare delivery: intention as opposed to practice.

Aim: To determine the extent to which children have the opportunity to provide feedback on public hospital care in New Zealand.

Method: A scan of the web sites of the Ministry of Health and the Health Quality and Safety Commission New Zealand (HQSC) together with a search of core District Health Board publications was conducted to identify existing or planned processes to capture the hospital experience of patients under 18 years.

Results: The importance of gathering patient feedback was recognised but, currently, ad hoc strategies are being used to put these good intentions into practice.

Physical activity, dietary habits and overall health in overweight and obese children and youth with intellectual disability or autism.

In children and youth with disability, the risk of obesity is higher and is associated with lower levels of physical activity, inappropriate eating behaviors, and chronic health conditions. We determined the effectiveness of a program in managing weight, through changes in physical activity and nutrition behaviors in overweight and obese New Zealand children and youth with intellectual disability or autism. Twenty-two children and youth 14±4 y (mean±SD) and their families participated in a 10-week school-based program.

Physical activity is not play: perceptions of children and parents from deprived areas.

Aims: To explore the perceptions of primary school aged children (n=9) and parents (n=21) from areas of socioeconomic deprivation in New Zealand in order to determine the factors which influence healthy and overweight children's after school activities.

Method: We held focus groups with children, utilising photo-voice prompts for discussion. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were also conducted with parents.

Critical moments in preschool obesity: the call for nurses and communities to assess and intervene.

Thirty years ago obesity was rarely seen in children but is now described as a world wide pandemic. Previous research has focused on school age children; however, researchers have now identified critical moments of development during uterine life and early infancy where negative factors or insults could cause permanent changes in the structure and function of tissues and lead to epigenetic changes. Obesity in preschool children can cause premature and long term chronic health problems; has been associated with academic and social difficulties in kindergarten children; difficulty with social relationships; increased feelings of sadness, loneliness and anxiety; and negative self image in children as young as 5 years of age.