Cervical mobility and cervical proprioception in relation to fall risk among older adults: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Age-related decreases in cervical mobility and proprioception have previously been demonstrated. Potential associations of these deteriorations with fall risk have not been investigated so far. This study aims to compare cervical mobility and proprioception between fallers and non-fallers and prospectively assess the contribution of these parameters in fall risk identification among healthy older adults.

The Effects of Aerobic Exercise in Patients with Early-Onset Dementia: A Scoping Review.

Background: Early-onset dementia (EOD) defines all dementia related conditions with an onset before the age of 65 years. EOD places a large and distressing psychological, emotional and financial burden on the individuals themselves and their caregivers. For various reasons, diagnostic and treatment strategies for EOD are very challenging.

Influence of Morphine and Naloxone on Pain Modulation in Rheumatoid Arthritis, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Fibromyalgia, and Controls: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Study.

Background: Impaired pain inhibitory and enhanced pain facilitatory mechanisms are repeatedly reported in patients with central sensitization pain. However, the exact effects of frequently prescribed opioids on central pain modulation are still unknown.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial was carried out.

Motivation in pediatric motor rehabilitation: A systematic search of the literature using the self-determination theory as a conceptual framework.

Objective: Motivation is suggested as an important factor in pediatric motor rehabilitation. Therefore, we reviewed the existing evidence of (motivational) motor rehabilitation paradigms, and how motivation influences rehabilitation outcome using self-determination theory as conceptual framework.

Methods: PubMed and Web-of-Science databases were systematically searched until June 2015.

Does Footwear Matter When Performing Spatiotemporal Gait Analysis Among Older Women?

Background And Purpose: Although shoe type may influence gait performance and is considered to be an extrinsic fall risk factor, little or no attention is paid to it when conducting research in this field. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of various types of footwear under single- and dual-task conditions on spatiotemporal gait characteristics in older women.

Methods: Fifty-seven community-dwelling women (68.

Understanding the relationship between walking aids and falls in older adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: A substantial proportion of older adults living in residential aged care facilities are use wheelchairs or walk with aids. The relationship between using walking aids and falling is somewhat inconsistent and poorly understood.

Purpose: To investigate the use of walking aids as a risk factor for future falls among older adults living in residential aged care facilities and to identify spatiotemporal gait parameters that mediate the potential relationship between walking aids and falling.

Understanding the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and falls in older adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Older adults with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus are at increased risk of falling. The current study aims to identify risk factors that mediate the relationship between diabetes and falls.

Methods: 199 older adults (104 with diabetes and 95 healthy controls) underwent a medical screening.

Vibration perception threshold in relation to postural control and fall risk assessment in elderly.

Purpose: This study investigates (i) the potential discriminative role of a clinical measure of peripheral neuropathy (PN) in assessing postural performance and fall risk and (ii) whether the integration of a simple screening vibration perception threshold (VPT) for PN in any physical (fall risk) assessment among elderly should be recommended, even if they do not suffer from DM.

Method: One hundred and ninety-five elderly were entered in a four-group model: DM with PN (D+; n = 75), DM without PN (D-; n = 28), non-diabetic elderly with idiopathic PN (C+; n = 31) and non-diabetic elderly without PN (C-; n = 61). Posturographic sway parameters were captured during different static balance conditions (AMTI AccuGait, Watertown, MA).

The impact of peripheral neuropathy and cognitive decrements on gait in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the effect of peripheral neuropathy and cognition on gait performance in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Community and residential aged care setting.

Effect of combined exercise training on physical and metabolic fitness in adults with intellectual disability: a controlled trial.

Objective: Investigating the effect of combined aerobic and strength training on metabolic and physical fitness in adults with intellectual disabilities compared to endurance training and no training.

Design: A controlled trial with patients receiving either combined (COM), endurance (END) or no training (C).

Setting: Two centres for intellectual disabilities (Sterrenhuis, Brasschaat and Emiliani, Lokeren, Belgium).