Maternal postpartum infection risk following induction of labor: A Danish national cohort study.

Introduction: Induction of labor is a common procedure, and in Denmark, approximately one in four vaginal deliveries are induced. The association between induction and maternal postpartum infections such as endometritis, surgical site infection after cesarean section, urinary tract infection, and sepsis has been sparsely investigated. Our objective was to investigate the association between induction of labor and risk of maternal postpartum infection and to identify potential risk factors for infection.

Glucose Control During Labour and Delivery in Type 1 Diabetes - An Update on Current Evidence.

Purpose Of Review: To provide an update on diabetes management during labour and delivery in women with type 1 diabetes with focus on appropriate insulin administration, carbohydrate supply and use of diabetes technology to support safe delivery and neonatal well-being.

Recent Findings: During active labour and elective cesarean section capillary blood glucose monitoring or continuous glucose monitoring at least hourly is recommended. Infusion with isotonic (5%) glucose can be given with adjustable infusion rate to address maternal carbohydrate requirements and to prevent maternal hypoglycemia.

Sensor-derived glycaemic metrics in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes randomised to faster acting insulin aspart or insulin aspart-A secondary analysis of the CopenFast trial.

Aims: We compared sensor-derived glycaemic metrics in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) randomised to faster acting insulin aspart (faster aspart) or insulin aspart (IAsp).

Methods: A pre-planned secondary analysis of the CopenFast trial included women with T1D using intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) during pregnancy. Glycaemic metrics, including time in range (TIRp, 3.

Effects of prenatal exercise interventions on maternal body composition: A secondary analysis of the FitMum randomized controlled trial.

The main objective of the study was to investigate the effects of prenatal exercise interventions on maternal body composition at 28 weeks gestation and 7-14 days after delivery. We also explored associations between physical activity (PA) per se and body composition. This study presents secondary outcomes of the FitMum randomized controlled trial, which included healthy inactive pregnant women at gestational age ≤ 15+0 weeks.

Increasing prevalence of cerebral palsy in children born very preterm in Denmark.

Aim: To analyse the rising prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) in children born preterm in Denmark.

Method: We included all live-born children born preterm in Denmark from 1997 to 2013. The prevalence of CP in children born preterm was categorized by gestational age and correlated with neonatal mortality and changes in clinical factors.

Effects of Physical Activity on Blood Lipids and Hemoglobin A1c in Healthy Pregnant Women: The FitMum Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Maternal blood lipid and glucose concentrations during pregnancy affect fetal growth and the risk of pregnancy and delivery complications. We aimed to investigate the effects of physical activity (PA) during pregnancy on maternal blood lipid and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentrations. We hypothesized that higher PA was associated with improved lipid profile and glycemic control.

Antibody status at delivery and pregnancy outcomes during the first Danish COVID-19 wave.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in parturient women and their newborns during the first Danish COVID-19 wave and to identify associations with maternal background characteristics, self-reported symptoms, and pregnancy outcomes.

Methods: In a single-centre, prospective cohort study from Denmark, we invited 1,883 women with singleton pregnancies giving live birth from 25 May 2020 to 2 November 2020. Hereof, 953 (50.

Epigenetics of the non-coding RNA nc886 across blood, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in offspring exposed to diabetes in pregnancy.

Background: Diabetes in pregnancy is associated with increased risk of long-term metabolic disease in the offspring, potentially mediated by in utero epigenetic variation. Previously, we identified multiple differentially methylated single CpG sites in offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but whether stretches of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) can also be identified in adolescent GDM offspring is unknown. Here, we investigate which DNA regions in adolescent offspring are differentially methylated in blood by exposure to diabetes in pregnancy.

Danish Diabetes Birth Registry 2: a study protocol of a national prospective cohort study to monitor outcomes of pregnancies of women with pre-existing diabetes.

Introduction: Despite technological developments and intensified care, pregnancies in women with pre-existing diabetes are still considered high-risk pregnancies. The rate of adverse outcomes in pregnancies affected by diabetes in Denmark is currently unknown, and there is a limited understanding of mechanisms contributing to this elevated risk. To address these gaps, the Danish Diabetes Birth Registry 2 (DDBR2) was established.

Blood pressure and lipid profiles in children born after ART with frozen embryo transfer.

Study Question: Are blood pressure (BP) and lipid profiles different between children conceived after ART with frozen embryo transfer (FET), fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET), and natural conception (NC)?

Summary Answer: Girls conceived after FET had significantly higher systolic BP and heart rate compared with girls born after fresh-ET; boys conceived after FET had a slightly more favourable lipid profile compared with boys born after fresh-ET and NC.

What Is Known Already: Children conceived after ART with FET are more often born large for gestational age (LGA). LGA in general increases the risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease later in life.

Mean Glucose and Gestational Weight Gain as Predictors of Large-for-Gestational-Age Infants in Pregnant Women with Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

To compare glycemic metrics during pregnancy between women with type 1 diabetes (T1D) delivering large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants, and to identify predictors of LGA infants. A cohort study including 111 women with T1D using intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring from conception until delivery. Average sensor-derived metrics: mean glucose, time in range in pregnancy (TIRp), time above range in pregnancy, time below range in pregnancy, and coefficient of variation throughout pregnancy and in pregnancy intervals of 0-10, 11-21, 22-33, and 34-37 weeks were compared between women delivering LGA and AGA infants.

Pre-analytical diagnostic differences despite high adherence to guidelines for gestational diabetes mellitus.

Regional variations in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have been found across Denmark. The objectives of this exploratory survey were to evaluate adherence to the national guideline for screening and diagnosing GDM and to identify variations in pre-analytical or analytical factors, which could potentially contribute to variations in GDM prevalence across regions. In a national interview-based survey, obstetric departments and laboratories throughout Denmark handling GDM screening or diagnostic testing were invited to participate.

The effect of exercise training and motivational counselling on physical activity behaviour and psychosocial factors in pregnant women: secondary analyses of the FitMum randomised controlled trial investigating prenatal physical activity.

Background: A physically active lifestyle is beneficial during pregnancy. However, little is known about physical activity (PA) behaviour and psychosocial factors in women during and after pregnancy. This study examined exercise behavioural regulation, exercise self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, sickness absence and musculoskeletal pain in pregnant women offered either structured supervised exercise training, motivational counselling on PA, or standard prenatal care in the FitMum randomised controlled trial.

Cardiovascular autonomic nervous function in children conceived by assisted reproductive technology with frozen or fresh embryo transfer.

As a result of epigenetic changes, children conceived by assisted reproduction may be at risk of premature cardiovascular aging with notably increased blood pressures. Their cardiovascular autonomic nervous function is unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the cardiovascular autonomic nervous function in 8-12-yr-old children (51% girls) conceived naturally ( = 33) or by assisted reproduction with frozen ( = 34) or fresh ( = 38) embryo transfer by evaluating heart rate variability, during rest; from provocation maneuvers; and from baroreflex function.

Liraglutide treatment for the prevention of glucose tolerance deterioration in women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus: A 52-week randomized controlled clinical trial.

Aim: We investigated the effect of 52-week treatment with liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, on glucose tolerance and incretin effect in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM).

Materials And Methods: Women with overweight/obesity and pGDM were randomized to once daily subcutaneous liraglutide 1.8 mg or placebo for 52 weeks.

Counselling on physical activity in Danish antenatal care: A qualitative study of experiences from both the pregnant woman's and the care provider's perspective.

Objectives: Physical activity during pregnancy is beneficial to maternal and fetal health, but most pregnant women do not achieve the recommended level of physical activity. To investigate how antenatal care can promote physical activity during pregnancy, this study explores experiences of physical activity counselling from the perspectives of pregnant women and antenatal care providers.

Methods: In a qualitative design with an inductive approach individual semi-structured interviews with 19 pregnant women and seven antenatal care providers were performed and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Applying WHO2013 diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus reveals currently untreated women at increased risk.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a Danish cohort comparing the current Danish versus the WHO2013 diagnostic criteria, and to evaluate adverse pregnancy outcomes among currently untreated women in the gap between the diagnostic thresholds.

Methods: Diagnostic testing was performed by a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks' gestation in a cohort of pregnant women. GDM diagnosis was based on the current Danish criterion (2-h glucose ≥ 9.

Childhood BMI after ART with frozen embryo transfer.

Study Question: Does BMI at 7-10 years of age differ in children conceived after frozen embryo transfer (FET) compared to children conceived after fresh embryo transfer (fresh-ET) or natural conception (NC)?

Summary Answer: BMI in childhood does not differ between children conceived after FET compared to children conceived after fresh-ET or NC.

What Is Known Already: High childhood BMI is strongly associated with obesity and cardiometabolic disease and mortality in adulthood. Children conceived after FET have a higher risk of being born large for gestational age (LGA) than children conceived after NC.

[Not Available].

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a group of hereditary monogenetic forms of diabetes. MODY accounts for 1-3% of all persons with diabetes but is often undiagnosed or misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, or gestational diabetes. Diagnosing MODY is essential, as the most optimal treatment both during and outside of pregnancy depends on the MODY type.

The impact of inter-laboratory glucose bias on the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus: Comparison of common automated central laboratory methods.

Background And Aims: The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is based exclusively on glucose measurements, which are highly influenced by pre-analytical and analytical factors. Therefore, poor agreement across laboratories may affect the prevalence of GDM. We aimed to determine the inter-laboratory bias of glucose measurements and the impact on GDM prevalence.

Effects of Two Physical Activity Interventions on Sleep and Sedentary Time in Pregnant Women.

Pregnancy is often associated with poor sleep and high sedentary time (SED). We investigated the effect of physical activity (PA) interventions on sleep and SED in pregnant women. A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial ( = 219) explored the effect of structured supervised exercise training (EXE) or motivational counseling on PA (MOT) compared to standard prenatal care (CON) on sleep and SED during pregnancy.

Effects of prenatal exercise on gestational weight gain, obstetric and neonatal outcomes: FitMum randomized controlled trial.

Background: To investigate the effects of two different exercise interventions during pregnancy on gestational weight gain (GWG) and obstetric and neonatal outcomes compared to standard care. Additionally, we aimed to improve standardization of GWG measurements by developing a model to estimate GWG for a standardized pregnancy period of 40 weeks and 0 days accounting for individual differences in gestational age (GA) at delivery.

Methods: In a randomized controlled trial we compared the effects of structured supervised exercise training (EXE) three times per week throughout pregnancy versus motivational counselling on physical activity (MOT) seven times during pregnancy with standard care (CON) on GWG and obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Risk factors for and pregnancy outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy according to disease severity: A nationwide cohort study with validation of the SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.

Introduction: We identified risk factors and outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy in a universally tested population according to disease severity and validated information on SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy in national health registers in Denmark.

Material And Methods: Cohort study using data from national registers and medical records including all pregnancies between March 1, 2020 and February 28, 2021. We compared women with a validated positive SARS-CoV-2 test during pregnancy with non-infected pregnant women.