PEG-PLGA nanoparticles deposited in and .

In our prior research, polymer nanoparticles (NPs) containing tobramycin displayed robust antibacterial efficacy against biofilm-embedded () and (. ) cells, critical pathogens in cystic fibrosis. In the current study, we investigated the deposition of a nanoparticulate carrier composed of poly(d,l-lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol)--PLGA (PEG-PLGA) that was either covalently bonded with cyanine-5-amine (Cy5) or noncovalently bound with freely embedded cationic rhodamine B (RhB), which served as a drug surrogate.

Human Milk Oligosaccharides Exhibit Biofilm Eradication Activity Against Matured Biofilms Formed by Different Pathogen Species.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) have been shown to exhibit plenty of benefits for infants, such as prebiotic activity shaping the gut microbiota and immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity. For some pathogenic bacteria, antimicrobial activity has been proved, but most studies focus on group B streptococci. In the present study, we investigated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of the total and fractionated HMOs from pooled human milk against four common human pathogenic Gram-negative species (, , , and ) and three Gram-positive species (, , and ).