Cost-effective low-volume sample introduction system for open tubular capillary ion chromatography via a hybrid negative pressure approach.

Open tubular capillary ion chromatography (OTIC) exhibits a minute sample/eluent volume separation with a low-pressure operation (<30 psi) and potentially develops for a portable analytical device. In this study, a novel and cost-effective low-volume sample-introduction system has been developed for the OTIC and applied for separating water-soluble small inorganic ions. This innovative design uses a hybrid negative pressure (HNP) system, considerably reducing sample consumption to ∼7 μL per injection while maintaining excellent repeatability (<4 % relative standard deviation) on a 50 μm bore capillary tube.

Open tubular capillary ion chromatography with online dilution for small ions determination in drinks.

This work aims to develop a more robust, easy-to-use, low-pressure, and cost-effective nonsuppressed open tubular capillary ion chromatography (NS-OTIC) approach with online dialysis for small ions determination in drinks. The fabricated device was applied for two selected columns, including poly(butadiene-maleic acid) on a 50-μm bore and AS18 Latex on 25-µm bore fused silica capillaries, for the separation of mixed cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and mixed anions (Cl, Br, NO, NO), respectively. High concentrations of ions (up to 100 mM) level can be directly introduced into the NS-OTIC system without an off-line (manual) dilution step.

A Cost-effective Liquid Core Waveguide Based on a Concentrated Acid Medium for Colorimetric Determination of Sulfide.

A cost-effective long-path absorption liquid core waveguide (LCW) device was fabricated from a typical Teflon tube, and using a high refractive index (RI) medium of acid. It was incorporated in a flow injection-gas diffusion system for the sensitive determination of sulfide via methylene blue (MB) chemistry. The gas diffusion unit could prevent some interferences in samples.

Liquid handling employing a moving drop for electrokinetic sample introduction system for capillary zone electrophoresis.

A simple cost-effective moving drop device, with solenoid valves control for programmable liquid handling, was developed for electrokinetic injection in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). With a CZE of 50-μm bore fused silica capillary tube and contactless conductivity detector (C4D), mixed anions (Cl, NO, and SO as the model) solution was injected at the ground side. Simultaneous quantitative chemical analysis can be achieved.

Colorimetric Determination of Sulfide in Turbid Water with a Cost-effective Flow-batch Porous Membrane-based Diffusion Scrubber System.

A cost-effective flow-batch analysis approach with colorimetric measurement has been developed for sulfide ion determination in turbid water samples without using a conventional pump and valve. Under an acidic condition, sulfide ion was converted to hydrogen sulfide gas and liberated out from other complicated matrices. The porous membrane-based diffusion scrubber was utilized as a gas trapping unit for hydrogen sulfide gas separation/preconcentration.

Indirect photo-electrochemical detection of carbohydrates with Pt@g-CN immobilised into a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) and attached to a palladium hydrogen capture membrane.

An "indirect" photo-electrochemical sensor is presented for the measurement of a mixture of analytes including reducing sugars (e.g. glucose, fructose) and non-reducing sugars (e.

An exploiting of cost-effective direct current conductivity detector in gas diffusion flow injection system.

In this work, a homemade direct current (DC) conductivity detector as an alternative cost-effective detection device has been fabricated and investigated to use in flow analysis system. Under the selected appropriate conditions of flow system, the electrolysis of a carrier stream at the conductivity detector was negligible and provides well-defined signal. The cost-effective DC conductivity detector was demonstrated to couple with gas diffusion flow injection system for determination of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in water.

Conductometric determination of ammonium ion with a mobile drop.

A mobile drop based approach was utilized for the conductometric determination of aqueous ammonium ion. A liquid drop was manipulated by gravity to remain or move out of a conductivity measurement zone located on a hydrophobic path. A dilute sulfuric acid drop functioned as a micro gas absorber.

An open tubular ion chromatograph.

We describe an open tubular ion chromatograph (OTIC) that uses anion exchange latex coated 5 μm radius silica and 9.8 μm radius poly(methyl methacrylate) tubes and automated time/pressure based hydrodynamic injection for pL-nL scale injections. It is routinely possible to generate 50,000 plates or more (up to 150,000 plates/m, columns between 0.

Micro coulometric titration in a liquid drop.

Miniaturized coulometric titration in a liquid drop has been investigated. Assays of ascorbic acid and thiosulfate with iodine titration were chosen as models. Constant volumes of falling liquid drops containing sample or reagent are manipulated via gravimetrical force to move along a slope hydrophobic path and directed to stop or to move out from an electrode.

Doped soap membranes selectively permeate a chiral isomer.

Soap films can not only be made with sub-μm thickness, they can have intrinsic permeabilities comparable to many commercial membranes, permitting very high transmembrane flux. Soap films readily incorporate a wide range of modifiers to allow highly tailored selectivity: We show that incorporating α-cyclodextrin in an 890 nm thick Triton-X-100 film allows, in a single stage, a high degree of chirally selective transport (1.6:1) of α(+)-pinene over α(-)-pinene.

Soap bubbles in analytical chemistry. Conductometric determination of sub-parts per million levels of sulfur dioxide with a soap bubble.

Soap bubbles provide a fascinating tool that is little used analytically. With a very low liquid volume to surface area ratio, a soap bubble can potentially provide a very useful interface for preconcentration where mass transfer to an interfacial surface is important. Here we use an automated system to create bubbles of uniform size and film thickness.