Real-Time PCR Detection of in Pharmaceutical Products Contaminated with Low Levels of Bacterial Contamination.

A real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed to detect in pharmaceutical products contaminated with low levels of bacteria. Different pharmaceutical suspensions were artificially contaminated with , , , and After a 24 h incubation in trypticase soy broth with Tween 20, samples were streaked on mannitol salt, phenyl ethyl alcohol, eosin methylene blue, MacConkey, and pseudomonas isolation agar. Microbial DNA was extracted from each sample by using a Tris-EDTA, proteinase K, Tween 20 buffer.

Combination vs. disproportionation in dialkyl biradicals. Selectivity reversal in a crystalline solid.

While 1,6-biradicals produced by photodecarbonylation of dimethyl 11-oxodibenzo[c,h]bicyclo[4.4.1]undeca-3,8-diene-1,6-dicarboxylate (1) react exclusively by disproportionation in benzene solution, reactions in crystals lead to radical-radical combination reactions in almost quantitative yield.