Neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants enrolled in myo-inositol randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study evaluates the 24-month follow-up for the NICHD Neonatal Research Network (NRN) Inositol for Retinopathy Trial.

Study Design: Bayley Scales of Infants Development-III and a standardized neurosensory examination were performed in infants enrolled in the main trial. Moderate/severe NDI was defined as BSID-III Cognitive or Motor composite score <85, moderate or severe cerebral palsy, blindness, or hearing loss that prevents communication despite amplification were assessed.

Referral for Ophthalmology Evaluation and Visual Sequelae in Children With Primary Brain Tumors.

Importance: Visual impairment in children with brain tumors has received limited attention, as most pediatric neuro-oncology clinical trials neither require ophthalmologic evaluation on enrollment nor monitor effects of treatment on visual function during and after treatment.

Objective: To investigate ophthalmology referral patterns for children with primary brain tumors, the prevalence of visual sequelae, and the association between tumor characteristics and vision-related diagnoses.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study included 141 children with primary brain tumors treated at Loma Linda University Children's Hospital and Eye Institute, a university-based tertiary referral center, between January 2013 and September 2017.

Effects of Myo-inositol on Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity Among Preterm Infants <28 Weeks' Gestational Age: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies of myo-inositol in preterm infants with respiratory distress found reduced severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and less frequent ROP, death, and intraventricular hemorrhage. However, no large trials have tested its efficacy or safety.

Objective: To test the adverse events and efficacy of myo-inositol to reduce type 1 ROP among infants younger than 28 weeks' gestational age.

Primary peripheral retinal nonperfusion in a family with Loeys-Dietz syndrome.

Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a connective tissue disorder associated with aggressive arterial aneurysms; rarely, it can have clinical features similar to those of Marfan syndrome, with retinal detachment, myopia, and ectopia lentis. A 19-month-old boy with history of LDS was found to have peripheral retinal nonperfusion in both eyes and a combined traction and exudative retinal detachment of the left eye. Ocular findings in the father, who also had LDS, were normal, but the patient's 34-month-old sister with LDS was also found to have less extensive peripheral retinal nonperfusion.

Ventriculoperitoneal shunt as a treatment of visual loss in idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Background: The aims of this study were to evaluate visual function outcomes in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt for visual loss and to determine a VP shunt survival curve over time.

Methods: A retrospective medical record review was performed of all new IIH patients first evaluated at our institution who underwent VP shunt placement over a 7-year period (2004-2010). There were 2 primary outcome measures: the first being visual acuity (VA) and the second being shunt survival.

Resident and fellow participation in strabismus surgery: effect of level of training and number of assistants on operative time and cost.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the level of training and number of assistants on operative time for uncomplicated, 2-muscle, horizontal strabismus surgery at an academic institution.

Design: Comparative case series.

Participants: A total of 993 children and adults between the ages of 6 months and 75 years.

Inadvertent intrastromal injection of ophthalmic viscoelastic.

Viscoelastic is an ophthalmic viscosurgical device used to protect ocular tissue and maintain intraocular space during surgical procedures such as cataract removal. To date, the only cases published regarding inadvertent viscosurgical device injection have caused Descemet's membrane detachments. We report the case of a 4-year-old girl who underwent complicated lensectomy with prior history of uveitis and posterior synechia in which intrastromal ophthalmic viscoelastic was inadvertently injected into the stroma, leaving an off-centered opacity.