Impact of Structural Severity on Outcomes in Knee Osteoarthritis: An Analysis of Data from Phase 2 and Phase 3 Lorecivivint Clinical Trials.

Objective: Developing knee osteoarthritis (OA) treatments is challenging due to assessing pain and joint structure outcomes within a highly heterogeneous disease. Lorecivivint (LOR), an intra-articular (IA) CLK/DYRK inhibitor, modulates Wnt and inflammatory pathways. This review analysis of LOR 0.

Literature Review to Understand the Burden and Current Non-surgical Management of Moderate-Severe Pain Associated with Knee Osteoarthritis.

Introduction: To conduct a literature review exploring the humanistic burden, costs, and guideline recommendations for non-surgical management of moderate-severe pain in knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

Methods: Published studies (2018-25 April 2023) assessing the burden of moderate-severe pain in KOA were identified by searching Medline, Embase, EconLit, and Cochrane database, supplemented with grey literature hand searches and reference list snowballing. Treatment guidelines were also identified for key countries.

Single Injection AAV2-FGF18 Gene Therapy Reduces Cartilage Loss and Subchondral Bone Damage in a Mechanically Induced Model of Osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly debilitating, degenerative pathology of cartilaginous joints affecting over 500 million people worldwide. The global economic burden of OA is estimated at $260-519 billion and growing, driven by aging global population and increasing rates of obesity. To date, only the multi-injection chondroanabolic treatment regimen of Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 (FGF18) has demonstrated clinically meaningful disease-modifying efficacy in placebo-controlled human trials.

Gender and age differences in the associations between cortical thickness and hand osteoarthritis severity: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Objective: To evaluate gender differences in the association between metacarpal cortical thickness (T)-a surrogate for bone density-and severity of radiographic hand osteoarthritis (HOA) in a longitudinal observational study.

Method: Hand radiographs of 3575 participants (2039 F/1536 M) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were assessed at baseline and 48 months. A reader used a semi-automated software tool to calculate T, a measurement of the cortical thickness, for metacarpals 2-4.

Radiomic features of the medial meniscus predicts incident destabilizing meniscal tears: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

The objective of this study was to determine the optimal meniscal radiomic features to classify people who will develop an incident destabilizing medial meniscal tear. We used magnetic resonance (MR) images from an existing case-control study that includes images from the first 4 years of the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). For this exploratory analysis (n = 215), we limited our study sample to people with (1) intact menisci at the OAI baseline visit, (2) 4-year meniscal status data, and (3) complete meniscal data from each region of interest.

Automatic Segmentation of Bone Marrow Lesions on MRI Using a Deep Learning Method.

Bone marrow lesion (BML) volume is a potential biomarker of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) as it is associated with cartilage degeneration and pain. However, segmenting and quantifying the BML volume is challenging due to the small size, low contrast, and various positions where the BML may occur. It is also time-consuming to delineate BMLs manually.

Bicycling over a Lifetime Is Associated with Less Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between a history of bicycling and symptomatic and structural outcomes of knee osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis.

Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study within the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), where we investigated OAI participants with complete data on bicycling, knee pain, and radiographic evidence of knee OA. We used a self-administered questionnaire at the 96-month OAI visit to identify participation in bicycling during four time periods throughout a participant's lifetime (ages 12-18, 19-34, 35-49, and >50 yr).

Gardening/yardwork in people with knee osteoarthritis is not associated with symptom or structural progression over 48 months: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of gardening/yardwork with symptomatic and structural progression in those with pre-existing radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), an observational study designed to evaluate potential and known biomarkers and risk factors of knee OA.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study nested within the OAI, including participants ≥ 50 years old with radiographic OA in at least one knee at the time of OAI enrollment. A participant reported the level of gardening/yardwork activity in a self-administered survey.

Predicting the onset of end-stage knee osteoarthritis over two- and five-years using machine learning.

Objective: Identifying participants who will progress to advanced stage in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) trials remains a significant challenge. Current tools, relying on total knee replacements (TKR), fall short in reliability due to the extraneous factors influencing TKR decisions. Acknowledging these limitations, our study identifies a critical need for a more robust metric to assess severe KOA.

Association of Weight Loss and Weight Gain With Structural Defects and Pain in Hand Osteoarthritis: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Objective: Our aim was to define the association of weight change (weight loss or weight gain) with the incidence and progression of hand osteoarthritis (OA), assessed either by radiography or by pain, using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Methods: Among the 4,796 participants, we selected 4,598 participants, excluding those with cancer or rheumatoid arthritis or a body mass index under 18.5 kg/m.

Evaluation of a measure of end-stage knee osteoarthritis compared to total knee replacement: An observational study using multicohort data.

Objectives: To determine if an end-stage knee osteoarthritis (esKOA) measure, based on symptomatic and radiographic criteria, can indicate progression to severe KOA earlier and with fewer research participants than total knee replacement (TKR). We employed both interventional and observational study designs as examples to estimate the required sample sizes. EsKOA in a knee was declared if either of the following two conditions were met: 1) moderate, intense, or severe symptoms of KOA indicated by pain and disability measurement and severe KOA indicated by radiographically-assessed knee structure; 2) intense or severe symptoms of KOA indicated by pain and disability measurement and frequent knee pain with mild or moderate KOA as indicated by radiographically-assessed knee structure.

Knee cartilage change on magnetic resonance imaging: Should we lump or split topographical regions? A 2-year study of data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Objective: We challenge the paradigm that a simplistic approach evaluating anatomic regions (e.g., medial femur or tibia) is ideal for assessing articular cartilage loss on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Same-Knee Intra-Articular Injection of Corticosteroid and Lorecivivint Within 7 Days: An Open-Label, Randomized, Parallel-Arm Study.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common painful disorder. Intra-articular (IA) corticosteroid injections are frequently prescribed to treat knee pain. Lorecivivint (LOR), a novel IA cdc2-Like Kinase (CLK)/Dual-Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation-Regulated Kinase (DYRK) inhibitor thought to modulate Wnt and inflammatory pathways, has appeared safe and demonstrated improved patient-reported outcomes compared with placebo.

Strength Training Is Associated With Less Knee Osteoarthritis: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship of a history of strength training with symptomatic and structural outcomes of knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study within the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), a multicenter prospective longitudinal observational study. Data were collected at four OAI clinical sites: Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, the Ohio State University, the University of Pittsburgh, and the University of Maryland/Johns Hopkins.

Radiographic joint space width in individuals with hand osteoarthritis: Are their "healthy" joints really healthy?

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the systemic nature of hand osteoarthritis (OA). We hypothesized that people who suffer from hand OA would display narrower radiographic joint space width (JSW) - not only in joints with apparent radiographic OA but also in their unaffected "healthy" joints.

Method: We examined 3394 participants from the Osteoarthritis Initiative with available dominant hand radiographs at baseline.

Long-Term Safety Profiles of Macrolides and Tetracyclines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Macrolides and tetracyclines are antibiotics that have a range of anti-inflammatory properties beyond their microbial capabilities. Although these antibiotics have been in widespread use, the long-term safety profiles are limited. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials that compared macrolides or tetracyclines with placeboes to provide long-term safety information.

Hand joints without radiographic osteoarthritis maintain their joint space width over 4 years despite what's happening elsewhere in the hand.

Objectives: We aimed to determine whether hand OA is characterized by systemic cartilage loss by assessing if radiographically normal joints had greater joint space width (JSW) loss over 4 years in hands with incident or prevalent OA elsewhere in the hand compared with hands without OA.

Methods: We used semi-automated software to measure JSW in the distal and proximal IP joints of 3368 participants in the Osteoarthritis Initiative who had baseline and 48-month hand radiographs. A reader scored 16 hand joints (including the thumb base) for Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade.

The Prognostic Potential of End-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis and Its Components to Predict Knee Replacement: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

Objective: We aimed to determine how 2 definitions of end-stage knee osteoarthritis (esKOA) and each component (knee symptoms, persistent knee pain, radiographic severity, and presence of limited mobility or instability) related to future knee replacement (KR).

Methods: We performed knee-based analyses of Osteoarthritis Initiative data from baseline to the first 4 annual follow-up visits, and data on KR from baseline until the fifth yearly contact. We calculated a base model using common risk factors for KR in logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations.

Automatic Measuring of Finger Joint Space Width on Hand Radiograph using Deep Learning and Conventional Computer Vision Methods.

Hand osteoarthritis (OA) severity can be assessed visually through radiographs using semi-quantitative grading systems. However, these grading systems are subjective and cannot distinguish minor differences. Joint space width (JSW) compensates for these disadvantages, as it quantifies the severity of OA by accurately measuring the distances between joint bones.