ova in human semen: a case report.

Objective: To report a rare case of schistosomiasis observed during semen evaluation.

Design: Case report.

Setting: University hospital.

Incidental computed tomographic bladder wall abnormalities: harbinger or herring?

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of incidental radiographically identified bladder wall abnormalities in the absence of other urologic indications for evaluation.

Methods: All screening cystoscopy evaluations performed at our center over 4 years were identified using surgical logs. We identified patients for whom cystoscopy was performed for a radiographic bladder wall abnormality, defined as diffuse bladder wall thickening, focal bladder wall thickening, or intraluminal bladder mass.

Hereditary renal cell carcinoma: genetics, clinical features, and surgical considerations.

Objectives: Hereditary renal cancer syndromes have been described and have illuminated novel methods to treat sporadic renal cell carcinoma. In this work, we aimed to review the genetic basis, molecular pathology and clinical manifestations of hereditary syndromes, as well as outline principles of surgical management and use of targeted therapy.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of selected peer-reviewed publications regarding hereditary renal cancer syndromes, their genetic basis, and recommendations for surgical management.

Polymorphism in the SCN9A voltage-gated sodium channel gene associated with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.

Objective: To determine whether an association exists between interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) and a nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in the SCN9A voltage-gated sodium channel gene previously associated with other chronic pain syndromes.

Materials And Methods: Germline deoxyribonucleic acid was sampled from archived bladder biopsy specimens from patients with a documented diagnosis of IC/BPS. Deoxyribonucleic acid from hysterectomy specimens was obtained as a control population.

Valproic acid decreases urothelial cancer cell proliferation and induces thrombospondin-1 expression.

Background: Prevention of bladder cancer recurrence is a central challenge in the management of this highly prevalent disease. The histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (sodium valproate) has anti-angiogenic properties and has been shown to decrease bladder cancer growth in model systems. We have previously shown reduced expression of thrombospondin-1 in a mouse model and in human bladder cancer relative to normal urothelium.

Vascular anomalies during laparoscopic renal surgery: incidence and management of left-sided inferior vena cava.

Background: Left-sided inferior vena cava (IVC) is an unusual abnormality that may be clinically significant during renal surgery.

Methods: We report the unique case of a patient with a centrally located left renal mass who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. During the hilar dissection, unusual vascular anatomy was encountered.