Suppressing DNMT3a Alleviates the Intrinsic Epigenetic Barrier for Optic Nerve Regeneration and Restores Vision in Adult Mice.

The limited regenerative potential of the optic nerve in adult mammals presents a major challenge for restoring vision after optic nerve trauma or disease. The mechanisms of this regenerative failure are not fully understood. Here, through small-molecule and genetic screening for epigenetic modulators, we identify DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) as a potent inhibitor of axon regeneration in mouse and human retinal explants.

A Dose-Volume Response Model for Brain Metastases Treated With Frameless Single-Fraction Robotic Radiosurgery: Seeking to Better Predict Response to Treatment.

Unlabelled: Purpose/Objective(s): To establish a dose-volume response relationship for brain metastases treated with single-fraction robotic stereotactic radiosurgery and identify predictors of local control.

Materials/methods: We reviewed a prospective institutional database of all patients treated for intact brain metastases with stereotactic radiosurgery alone using the CyberKnife robotic radiosurgery system from 2012 to 2015. Tumor response was determined based on Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors version 1.

Dose-Volume Response Relationship for Brain Metastases Treated with Frameless Single-Fraction Linear Accelerator-Based Stereotactic Radiosurgery.

Background: Our aim was to identify a dose-volume response relationship for brain metastases treated with frameless stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent frameless single-fraction linear accelerator SRS for brain metastases between 2007 and 2013 from an institutional database. Proportional hazards modeling was used to identify predictors of outcome.

Copper regulates cyclic-AMP-dependent lipolysis.

Cell signaling relies extensively on dynamic pools of redox-inactive metal ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium and zinc, but their redox-active transition metal counterparts such as copper and iron have been studied primarily as static enzyme cofactors. Here we report that copper is an endogenous regulator of lipolysis, the breakdown of fat, which is an essential process in maintaining body weight and energy stores. Using a mouse model of genetic copper misregulation, in combination with pharmacological alterations in copper status and imaging studies in a 3T3-L1 white adipocyte model, we found that copper regulates lipolysis at the level of the second messenger, cyclic AMP (cAMP), by altering the activity of the cAMP-degrading phosphodiesterase PDE3B.

Simultaneous integrated boost using stereotactic radiosurgery for resected brain metastases: rationale, dosimetric parameters, and preliminary clinical outcomes.

Background: Radiosurgery has been shown to reduce the rates of local recurrence in the postoperative bed after the resection of brain metastases, but the ideal radiation dose has not been well defined.

Objective: To present dosimetric parameters and preliminary clinical outcomes for patients undergoing postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) for brain metastases.

Methods And Materials: 3 patients underwent surgery for a dominant metastatic focus and had residual or recurrent disease in the resection cavity.