SLUSH peptides of the PSMβ family enable Staphylococcus lugdunensis to use erythrocytes as a sole source of nutrient iron.

During infection, the host employs nutritional immunity to restrict access to iron. Staphylococcus lugdunensis has been recognized for its ability to utilize host-derived heme to overcome iron restriction. However, the mechanism behind this process involves the release of hemoglobin from erythrocytes, and the hemolytic factors of S.

Ultrasound and patient-reported outcomes of rotator cuff repair with new acellular human allograft at 6 months and 1 year post surgery.

Background: Determine the effect of a novel acellular cannulated dermal allograft on tendon-to-bone healing, retear rates, and clinical outcomes over a 12-month period.

Methods: This was a single surgeon prospective nonrandomized case series. Patients with medium sized full-thickness superior and posterosuperior rotator cuff tears, as confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, were consented.

Novel immunomodulatory properties of adenosine analogs promote their antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2.

The COVID-19 pandemic reminded us of the urgent need for new antivirals to control emerging infectious diseases and potential future pandemics. Immunotherapy has revolutionized oncology and could complement the use of antivirals, but its application to infectious diseases remains largely unexplored. Nucleoside analogs are a class of agents widely used as antiviral and anti-neoplastic drugs.

Tibiofemoral articulation and axial tibial rotation of the knee after a cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: Numerous research has reported that total knee arthroplasty (TKA) cannot reproduce axial tibial rotations of normal knees. The objective of this study was to measure the tibiofemoral articular contact motions and axial tibial rotations of TKA knees to investigate the mechanism causing the knee kinematics change of after TKAs.

Methods: Eleven patients with unilateral cruciate retaining (CR) TKA were tested for measurements of knee motion during a weight-bearing flexion from 0° to 105° using an imaging technique.

Serotonin-2 Receptor Agonists Produce Anti-inflammatory Effects through Functionally Selective Mechanisms That Involve the Suppression of Disease-Induced Arginase 1 Expression.

Functional selectivity in the context of serotonin 2A (5-HT) receptor agonists is often described as differences psychedelic compounds have in the activation of Gq vs β-arrestin signaling in the brain and how that may relate to inducing psychoactive and hallucinatory properties with respect to each other. However, the presence of 5-HT receptors throughout the body in several cell types, including endothelial, endocrine, and immune-related tissues, suggests that functional selectivity may exist in the periphery as well. Here, we examine functional selectivity between two 5-HT receptor agonists of the phenylalkylamine class: ()-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine [()-DOI] and ()-2,5-dimethoxy-4-trifluoromethylamphetamine [()-DOTFM].

Low-Dose Antithymocyte Globulin: A Pragmatic Approach to Treating Stage 2 Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: Low-dose antithymocyte globulin (ATG) (2.5 mg/kg) preserves C-peptide and reduces HbA1c in new-onset stage 3 type 1 diabetes, yet efficacy in delaying progression from stage 2 to stage 3 has not been evaluated.

Research Design And Methods: Children (n = 6) aged 5-14 years with stage 2 type 1 diabetes received off-label, low-dose ATG.

Investigation of Characteristic Motion Patterns of the Knee Joint During a Weightbearing Flexion.

This study aimed to develop and validate a novel flexion axis concept by calculating the points on femoral condyles that could maintain constant heights during knee flexion. Twenty-two knees of 22 healthy subjects were investigated when performing a weightbearing single leg lunge. The knee positions were captured using a validated dual fluoroscopic image system.

Farm size limits agriculture's poverty reduction potential in Eastern India even with irrigation-led intensification.

Context: Millions of people living in the Eastern Gangetic Plains (EGP) of India engage in agriculture to support their livelihoods yet are income poor, and food and climate insecure. To address these challenges, policymakers and development programs invest in irrigation-led agricultural intensification. However, the evidence for agricultural intensification to lift farmers' incomes above the poverty line remains largely anecdotal.

Identifying links between monsoon variability and rice production in India through machine learning.

Climate change poses a major threat to global food security. Agricultural systems that rely on monsoon rainfall are especially vulnerable to changes in climate variability. This paper uses machine learning to deepen understanding of how monsoon variability impacts agricultural productivity.

Physiological Axial Tibial Rotation of the Knee During a Weightbearing Flexion.

Axial tibial rotation is a characteristic motion of the knee, but how it occurs with knee flexion is controversial. We investigated the mechanisms of tibial rotations by analyzing in vivo tibiofemoral articulations. Twenty knees of 20 living human subjects were investigated during a weightbearing flexion from full extension to maximal flexion using a dual fluoroscopic imaging system.

Allantodapsone is a Pan-Inhibitor of Staphylococcus aureus Adhesion to Fibrinogen, Loricrin, and Cytokeratin 10.

Staphylococcus aureus infections have become a major challenge in health care due to increasing antibiotic resistance. We aimed to design small molecule inhibitors of S. aureus surface proteins to be developed as colonization inhibitors.

Central-line-associated bloodstream infections and central-line-associated non-CLABSI complications among pediatric oncology patients.

Objective: To assess central venous catheter (CVC) harm in pediatric oncology patients, we explored risks for central-line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and central-line-associated non-CLABSI complications (CLANCs).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Midwestern US pediatric oncology program.

Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Induced Serotonin-Associated Metabolic Pathways Correlate With Severity of Virus- and Inflammation-Associated Ocular Disease.

Herpes simplex virus-associated diseases are a complex interaction between cytolytic viral replication and inflammation. Within the normally avascular and immunoprivileged cornea, HSV ocular infection can result in vision-threatening immune-mediated herpetic keratitis, the leading infectious cause of corneal blindness in the industrialized world. Viral replicative processes are entirely dependent upon numerous cellular biosynthetic and metabolic pathways.

Articulation of the femoral condyle during knee flexion.

Femoral condyle motion of the knee is generally reported using a morphological trans-epicondyle axis (TEA) or geometric center axis (GCA) in the investigation of the knee kinematics. Axial rotation of the femur is recognized as a characteristic motion of the knee during flexion, but is controversial in the literature. This study investigated the biomechanical factors that could be associated to the axial rotations of the femur using both physiological and morphological measurement methods.

Probes for Fluorescent Visualization of Specific Cellular Organelles.

The defining characteristic of eukaryotic cells is the segregation of critical cellular functions within various membrane bound cellular organelles, including the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and mitochondria. Cell biologists therefore have extensively utilized organelle specific counterstains to help identify the localization of specific proteins or other targets of interest in order to garner an understanding of either their potential functions or their effects on the cell. There currently is a wide array of fluorescent dyes and reagents that can be utilized in live and fixed cells to identify organelles, thereby creating challenges in both choosing between the plethora of options and optimizing their use.

Staphylococcus aureus iron-regulated surface determinant B (IsdB) protein interacts with von Willebrand factor and promotes adherence to endothelial cells.

Staphylococcus aureus is the cause of a spectrum of diseases in humans and animals. The molecular basis of this pathogenicity lies in the expression of a variety of virulence factors, including proteins that mediate adherence to the host plasma and extracellular matrix proteins. In this study, we discovered that the iron-regulated surface determinant B (IsdB) protein, besides being involved in iron transport and vitronectin binding, interacts with von Willebrand Factor (vWF).

Serotonin 5-HT receptor activity mediates adipocyte differentiation through control of adipogenic gene expression.

Serotonin 5-HT receptors are expressed in many tissues and play important roles in biological processes. Although the 5-HT receptor is primarily known for its role in central nervous system, it is also expressed in peripheral tissues. We have found that 5-HT receptor antagonists inhibit human subcutaneous primary adipocyte differentiation.

A Model of Collaboration Can Expand the Opportunities in Adaptive Sports Equipment.

Physical medicine and rehabilitation requires teamwork and innovation to help patients reach their goals and to optimize their quality of life, and one way is through participation in sports ( Sports Med Arthrosc Rev . 2019;27:73-82; PM R . 2015;7(10):1081-8; PM R .

Mapping land suitability for informal, small-scale irrigation development using spatial modelling and machine learning in the Upper East Region, Ghana.

Small-scale irrigation has gained momentum in recent years as one of the development priorities in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, farmer-led irrigation is often informal with little support from extension services and a paucity of data on land suitability for irrigation. To map the spatial explicit suitability for dry season small-scale irrigation, we developed a method using an ensemble of boosted regression trees, random forest, and maximum entropy machine learning models for the Upper East Region of Ghana.

Investigation of femoral condyle height changes during flexion of the knee: implication to gap balance in TKA surgery.

Background: Gap balance of the knee at 0° and 90° of flexion has been pursued in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with the trans-epicondyle axis (TEA) as a reference. This study investigated the height changes of the tibiofemoral articulation and compared the data with the femoral condyle height changes measured using different flexion axes.

Materials And Methods: Twenty healthy knees were investigated during an in vivo weightbearing flexion using a technique combining MRI and a dual fluoroscopic imaging system (DFIS).