Equine endometrial development during late fetal and postnatal periods.

Equine uterine development, including endometrial histogenesis, begins prenatally and is completed postnatally. Little is known about this process in the horse. Uterine tissue was acquired from 38 foals, ranging in developmental age from gestational day (GD) 300 to postnatal day (PND) 180, for assessment of endometrial histogenesis.

Immunocontraception: Filamentous Bacteriophage as a Platform for Vaccine Development.

Background: Population control of domestic, wild, invasive, and captive animal species is a global issue of importance to public health, animal welfare and the economy. There is pressing need for effective, safe, and inexpensive contraceptive technologies to address this problem. Contraceptive vaccines, designed to stimulate the immune system in order to block critical reproductive events and suppress fertility, may provide a solution.

Prenatal Exposures of Male Rats to the Environmental Chemicals Bisphenol A and Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate Impact the Sexual Differentiation Process.

The increasing incidence of reproductive anomalies, described as testicular dysgenesis syndrome, is thought to be related to the exposure of the population to chemicals in the environment. Bisphenol A (BPA) and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), which have hormonal and antihormonal activity, have attracted public attention due to their presence in consumer products. The present study investigated the effects of BPA and DEHP on reproductive development.

Effect of vaccination with a multivalent modified-live viral vaccine on reproductive performance in synchronized beef heifers.

Prebreeding vaccination should provide fetal and abortive protection against bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) but not impede reproduction when administered to cattle before estrus synchronization and breeding. The objective was to assess reproductive performance when naive beef heifers were vaccinated with modified-live viral (MLV) vaccine 2 days after unsynchronized estrus, and then revaccinated with MLV vaccine at 10 or 31 days before synchronized natural breeding. Sixty beef heifers naive to BVDV and BoHV-1 were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups.

Insulin treatment prevents diabetes-induced alterations in astrocyte glutamate uptake and GFAP content in rats at 4 and 8 weeks of diabetes duration.

Rat astrocyte function is changed by diabetes mellitus relative to the nondiabetic state and we believe that altered function contributes to the central nervous system symptoms manifested by individuals with diabetes. We report here a comparison of astrocyte glutamate uptake and GFAP expression in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats and insulin-treated diabetic rats at 4 and 8 weeks following diabetes onset. In glial plasmalemmal vesicle (GPV) preparations from treated rats, insulin prevented the increase observed in untreated, diabetic rats of both sodium-dependent and sodium-independent glutamate uptake.

Luteal function in mares following administration of oxytocin, cloprostenol or saline on day 0, 1 or 2 post-ovulation.

Mares (n = 30) were treated in the post-ovulatory period with saline, oxytocin, or cloprostenol (Clo). Dose, administration frequency and treatment day (Day 0, 1 or 2 post-ovulation) were evaluated. Interovulatory interval of control cycles was 22.

Effect of administering oxytocin or cloprostenol in the periovulatory period on pregnancy outcome and luteal function in mares.

Mares (n = 37) were treated from 4h after breeding through 2 days post-ovulation with oxytocin or cloprostenol. Oxytocin (20 units i.m.