Biophysical and nutritional combination treatment for myosteatosis in patients with sarcopenia: a study protocol for single-blinded randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Sarcopenia is characterised by age-related loss of skeletal muscle and function and is associated with risks of adverse outcomes. The prevalence of sarcopenia increases due to ageing population and effective interventions is in need. Previous studies showed that β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplement and vibration treatment (VT) enhanced muscle quality, while the coapplication of the two interventions had further improved muscle mass and function in sarcopenic mice model.

Cholesterol efflux capacity of high-density lipoprotein was not associated with cognitive decline and brain structures in older people with diabetes mellitus.

Aims/introduction: To examine the association between cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and cognitive function and brain structures in older people with diabetes mellitus.

Materials And Methods: Participants of a randomized placebo-controlled trial of 27-month vitamin B supplementation in older people with diabetes mellitus, which showed no effect on cognition, were further followed up at month 72. Cognitive tests included the Clinical Dementia Rating scale, Neuropsychological Test Battery in memory, executive function and psychomotor speed.

Neural evidence for long-term marriage shaping the functional brain network organization between couples.

Long-term married couples have been reported to share personality and behavioural similarities, but whether long-term marriage would shape the brain is hitherto unknown. In this study, 35 pairs of long-term married couples, who have married and living together at least 30 years, were recruited, and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine the neural correlates of long-term marriage between couples. Seven intrinsic connectivity networks were extracted using spatially constrained group independent component analysis, and the spatial similarity of each network as well as functional connectome similarity between couples were investigated respectively.

Normative Standards for HRpQCT Parameters in Chinese Men and Women.

Assessing bone architecture using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) has the potential to improve fracture risk assessment. The Normal Reference Study aimed to establish sex-specific reference centile curves for HRpQCT parameters. This was an age-stratified cross-sectional study and 1072 ambulatory Chinese men (n = 544) and women (n = 528) aged 20 to 79 years, who were free from conditions and medications that could affect bone metabolism and had no history of fragility fracture.

Monotherapy Is Good Enough for Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: A Network Meta-analysis of 76 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Memantine and the Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are two classes of drugs that are used to treat patients with Alzheimer's disease. We conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to compare the treatment effectiveness of monotherapy or combination therapy A total of 23,707 AD patients in 76 randomized trials were identified. In patients with mild-to-moderate AD, monotherapy with donepezil, galantamine or rivastigmine were superior to placebo in enhancing cognitive functions and activities of daily living (ADL), whereas monotherapy with donepezil or memantine were superior to placebo in improving behavioral symptoms.

Physical exercise improves strength, balance, mobility, and endurance in people with cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review.

Question: Does physical exercise training improve physical function and quality of life in people with cognitive impairment and dementia? Which training protocols improve physical function and quality of life? How do cognitive impairment and other patient characteristics influence the outcomes of exercise training?

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised trials.

Participants: People with mild cognitive impairment or dementia as the primary diagnosis.

Intervention: Physical exercise.

Effects of whole-body vibration on balance and mobility in institutionalized older adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To investigate whether a comprehensive exercise program was effective in improving physical function among institutionalized older adults and whether adding whole-body vibration to the program conferred additional therapeutic benefits.

Design: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted.

Setting: This study was carried out in residential care units.

The relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I) / deletion (D) polymorphism, serum ACE activity and bone mineral density (BMD) in older Chinese.

Objective: In this study, we set out to investigate the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE) I/D polymorphism, serum ACE activity and bone mineral density (BMD) in older Chinese.

Methods: A standardized, structured, face-to-face interview was performed to collect demographic information. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).