Tackling Oppressive Beliefs and Sexual Violence on College Campuses: Evaluation of an Innovative Theater-Based Intervention.

Background: Sexual violence (SV) prevalence remains high among U.S. college campuses; prevention strategies may benefit from addressing socially oppressive beliefs, including racism, sexism, and heterosexism that all directly link to attitudes and beliefs related to SV.

Depression and Perceived Social Support in Asian American Medical Students.

Purpose: Recent data reported that 21.5% of medical students in the United States of America (USA) are Asian American (AA). With the growing focus on developing medical school wellness programs, authors conducted a systematic, nationwide survey to assess prevalence of depression among AA medical students with a focus on disaggregating the AA population.

Identifying trajectories of change to improve understanding of integrated health care outcomes on PTSD symptoms post disaster.

Introduction: Addressing life stressors is an important function for integrated care, especially for health care homes located in disaster prone environments. This study evaluated trajectories of change for patients with postdisaster posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) who were seen in integrated care. In addition to describing the results, this article provides the methods of subgroup analyses as this may be useful for others working in real-world practice.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 augments calvarial defect healing and promotes suture regeneration.

Background: Repair of complex cranial defects is hindered by a paucity of appropriate donor tissue. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) have been shown separately to induce bone formation through physiologically distinct mechanisms and potentially improve surgical outcome for cranial defect repair by obviating the need for donor tissue. We hypothesize that a combination of BMP2 and TGFβ1 would improve calvarial defect healing by augmenting physiologic osteogenic mechanisms.

Widespread nonhematopoietic tissue distribution by transplanted human progenitor cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity.

Transplanted adult progenitor cells distribute to peripheral organs and can promote endogenous cellular repair in damaged tissues. However, development of cell-based regenerative therapies has been hindered by the lack of preclinical models to efficiently assess multiple organ distribution and difficulty defining human cells with regenerative function. After transplantation into beta-glucuronidase (GUSB)-deficient NOD/SCID/mucopolysaccharidosis type VII mice, we characterized the distribution of lineage-depleted human umbilical cord blood-derived cells purified by selection using high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity with CD133 coexpression.

Human progenitor cells rapidly mobilized by AMD3100 repopulate NOD/SCID mice with increased frequency in comparison to cells from the same donor mobilized by granulocyte colony stimulating factor.

AMD3100 inhibits the interaction between SDF-1 and CXCR4, and rapidly mobilizes hematopoietic progenitors for clinical transplantation. However, the repopulating function of human cells mobilized with AMD3100 has not been characterized in comparison to cells mobilized with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the same donor. Therefore, healthy donors were leukapheresed 4 hours after injection with AMD3100; after 10 days of drug clearance the same donor was mobilized with G-CSF, allowing a paired comparison of repopulation by mobilized cells.

Selection based on CD133 and high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity isolates long-term reconstituting human hematopoietic stem cells.

The development of novel cell-based therapies requires understanding of distinct human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell populations. We recently isolated reconstituting hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by lineage depletion and purification based on high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH(hi)Lin- cells). Here, we further dissected the ALDH(hi)-Lin- population by selection for CD133, a surface molecule expressed on progenitors from hematopoietic, endothelial, and neural lineages.

Functional characterization of highly purified human hematopoietic repopulating cells isolated according to aldehyde dehydrogenase activity.

Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are commonly purified by the expression of cell surface markers such as CD34. Because cell phenotype can be altered by cell cycle progression or ex vivo culture, purification on the basis of conserved stem cell function may represent a more reliable way to isolate various stem cell populations. We have purified primitive HSCs from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) by lineage depletion (Lin(-)) followed by selection of cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity.