A Review of Intermittent Fasting as a Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Introduction: The purpose of this review is to explore intermittent fasting (IF) versus continuous energy restriction as a treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The precursor to diabetes is obesity, which currently threatens the Department of Defense's ability to retain and recruit adequate service members. Intermittent fasting may be an adjunct for prevention of obesity and diabetes in the armed forces.

Successful Surgical Airway Performance in the Combat Prehospital Setting: A Qualitative Study of Experienced Military Prehospital Providers.

Introduction: Military first responders are in a unique category of the healthcare delivery system. They range in skill sets from combat medic and corpsman to nurses, physician assistants, and occasionally, doctors. Airway obstruction is the second leading cause of preventable battlefield death, and the decision for intervention to obtain an airway depends on the casualty's presentation, the provider's comfort level, and the available equipment, among many other variables.

Neuroprotection and Therapeutic Implications of Creatine Supplementation for Brain Injury Complications.

Creatine supplementation has not been researched for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) extensively, but studies suggest potential as a neuroprotective agent and potential treatment for brain-injury complications. Patients suffering from TBI experience mitochondrial dysfunction, neuropsychological burden, and deficits in cognitive performance due to malperformance of brain creatine levels, diminished brain Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) levels, glutamate toxicity, and oxidative stress. In this systemic review, the current available research is reviewed to examine the effects of creatine on common sequalae of TBI within children, adolescents, and mice.

An Updated Review of Improvised Ground Evacuation Platforms for Austere Special Operations Casualty Transport.

Introduction: In 2018, the Expeditionary Resuscitative Surgical Team 3 (ERST-3) published a retrospective review on the ground casualty evacuation (CASEVAC) options available to a Special Operations Forces (SOF) unit in the Horn of Africa. Seventeen months following their deployment, ERST-7 provided an update on the improvised ground evacuation platforms in the same area of operations and what has and has not worked based on combat experience and new literature.

Methods: This publication is an update to a retrospective review of various modes of ground transportation used by ERST-7 during their deployment with Special Operations Command Africa from July 2020 to January 2021.

Efficacy of Vancomycin Powder in Mitigating Infection of Open Penetrating Trauma Wounds on the Battlefield: An Evidence-Based Review.

Background: Open penetrating trauma wounds to the extremities remain the most common injuries encountered in combat and are frequently complicated by bacterial infections. These infections place a heavy burden on the Servicemember and the healthcare system as they often require multiple additional procedures and can frequently cause substantial debility. Previous studies have shown that vancomycin powder has demonstrated efficacy in decreasing infection risks in clean and contaminated orthopedic surgical wounds.

Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment and Management in the Austere Setting-A Review.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) continues to be a major source of military-related morbidity and mortality. The insidious short- and long-term sequelae of mild TBIs (mTBIs) have come to light, with ongoing research influencing advances in patient care from point of injury onward. Although the DoDI 6490.

Contemporary Surgical Trends in the Management of Symptomatic Meniscal Tears among United States Military Servicemembers from 2010 to 2015.

The purpose of this investigation is to report on trends over time in the treatment of meniscal pathology among military orthopaedic surgeons, as well as to evaluate the impact of patient demographics and concomitant procedure on the type of meniscal procedure performed. We performed a retrospective analysis of all active-duty United States military servicemembers who underwent a meniscal procedure from 2010 to 2015 within the Military Health System. Patient demographics and surgical variables were extracted from the electronic medical record.