Integration of thermal energy storage for sustainable energy hubs in the forest industry: A comprehensive analysis of cost, thermodynamic efficiency, and availability.

Thermal energy storage (TES) offers a practical solution for reducing industrial operation costs by load-shifting heat demands within industrial processes. In the integrated Thermomechanical pulping process, TES systems within the Energy Hub can provide heat for the paper machine, aiming to minimize electricity costs during peak hours. This strategic use of TES technology ensures more cost-effective and efficient energy consumption management, leading to overall operational savings.

Simultaneous precipitation of phosphorus in a kraft pulp mill wastewater treatment plant.

Simultaneous precipitation (SP) using iron sulfates in the secondary treatment of elemental chlorine-free (ECF) kraft pulp mill wastewater was studied. In short-term pilot plant studies phosphorus reduction was improved from 58% up to 81% by adding 10 mg(Fe)/L ferrous sulfate in the activated sludge (AS) process. The phosphorus reduction in full-scale experiment was about 80% when less than 10 mg(Fe)/L was fed in with the influent of the AS plant.