Interferon-Inducible Myxovirus Resistance Proteins: Potential Biomarkers for Differentiating Viral from Bacterial Infections.

Background: In 2015, the 68th World Health Assembly declared that effective, rapid, low-cost diagnostic tools were needed for guiding optimal use of antibiotics in medicine. This review is devoted to interferon-inducible myxovirus resistance proteins as potential biomarkers for differentiating viral from bacterial infections.

Content: After viral infection, a branch of the interferon (IFN)-induced molecular reactions is triggered by the binding of IFNs with their receptors, a process leading to the activation of and , which produce antiviral Mx proteins (MxA and MxB).

Identification of pentadecapeptide mimicking muramyl peptide.

We used monoclonal antibody, generated against N-acetylglucosaminyl-beta1-4-N-acetylmuramyl-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (GMDP), and phage display libraries of random peptides to select for oligopeptides, that mimic GMDP in their biological activity. Selected phage clones displayed a peptide RVPPRYHAKISPMVN (called RN-peptide) on their surface. This peptide was synthesized.