Territories of Nerve Endings of the Medial Plantar Nerve within the Abductor Hallucis Muscle: Clinical Implications for Potential Pain Management.

This study aimed to elucidate the intramuscular distribution pattern of the medial plantar nerve and determine its motor nerve ending territories within the abductor hallucis muscle using modified Sihler's staining and external anatomical landmarks. The study included 40 specimens of the abductor hallucis muscle (13 men and seven women) from formalin-fixed (ten cadavers) and fresh cadavers (ten cadavers), with a mean age of 77.6 years.

Sodium MRI of the Lumbar Intervertebral Discs of the Human Spine: An Ex Vivo Study.

Background: Lower back pain affects 75%-85% of people at some point in their lives. The detection of biochemical changes with sodium (Na) MRI has potential to enable an earlier and more accurate diagnosis.

Purpose: To measure Na relaxation times and apparent tissue sodium concentration (aTSC) in ex-vivo intervertebral discs (IVDs), and to investigate the relationship between aTSC and histological Thompson grade.

The chemicals between us-First results of the cluster analyses on anatomy embalming procedures in the German-speaking countries.

Hands-on courses utilizing preserved human tissues for educational training offer an important pathway to acquire basic anatomical knowledge. Owing to the reevaluation of formaldehyde limits by the European Commission, a joint approach was chosen by the German-speaking anatomies in Europe (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) to find commonalities among embalming protocols and infrastructure. A survey comprising 537 items was circulated to all anatomies in German-speaking Europe.

Proposing novel dorsal Proatlas-manifestations: Description and classification of three rare phenomena in humans.

The craniocervical junction (CCJ) of humans and other vertebrates is a developmental restless region. Due to complex phylogenetic and ontogenetic processes, many anatomical variations can be found in that transitional area. Therefore, newly described variants must be registered, named, and classified into existing concepts explaining their genesis.

Histopathological Changes of Long-Term Peritoneal Dialysis Using Physiological Solutions: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Background: Long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD), especially with nonphysiological solutions, is afflicted with the severe complication of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS). Physiologic PD solutions have been introduced to reduce pH trauma. Data on peritoneal biopsies in pediatrics with long-term PD using physiological solutions are scant.

Lorentzian-Corrected Apparent Exchange-Dependent Relaxation (LAREX) Ω-Plot Analysis-An Adaptation for qCEST in a Multi-Pool System: Comprehensive In Silico, In Situ, and In Vivo Studies.

Based on in silico, in situ, and in vivo studies, this study aims to develop a new method for the quantitative chemical exchange saturation transfer (qCEST) technique considering multi-pool systems. To this end, we extended the state-of-the-art apparent exchange-dependent relaxation (AREX) method with a Lorentzian correction (LAREX). We then validated this new method with in situ and in vivo experiments on human intervertebral discs (IVDs) using the Kendall-Tau correlation coefficient.

Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer for Lactate-Weighted Imaging at 3 T MRI: Comprehensive In Silico, In Vitro, In Situ, and In Vivo Evaluations.

Based on in silico, in vitro, in situ, and in vivo evaluations, this study aims to establish and optimize the chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging of lactate (Lactate-CEST—LATEST). To this end, we optimized LATEST sequences using Bloch−McConnell simulations for optimal detection of lactate with a clinical 3 T MRI scanner. The optimized sequences were used to image variable lactate concentrations in vitro (using phantom measurements), in situ (using nine human cadaveric lower leg specimens), and in vivo (using four healthy volunteers after exertional exercise) that were then statistically analyzed using the non-parametric Friedman test and Kendall Tau-b rank correlation.

Micro- and Macroscale Assessment of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Functionality Based on Advanced MRI Techniques.

T2 mapping assesses tissue ultrastructure and composition, yet the association of imaging features and tissue functionality is oftentimes unclear. This study aimed to elucidate this association for the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) across the micro- and macroscale and as a function of loading. Ten human cadaveric knee joints were imaged using a clinical 3.

The MRI posterior drawer test to assess posterior cruciate ligament functionality and knee joint laxity.

Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of joints is limited to mere morphologic evaluation and fails to directly visualize joint or ligament function. In this controlled laboratory study, we show that knee joint functionality may be quantified in situ and as a function of graded posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-deficiency by combining MRI and standardized loading. 11 human knee joints underwent MRI under standardized posterior loading in the unloaded and loaded (147 N) configurations and in the intact, partially, and completely PCL-injured conditions.

Acute or chronic pulmonary emphysema? Or both?-A contribution to the diagnosis of death due to violent asphyxiation in cases with pre-existing chronic emphysema.

The diagnosis of death due to violent asphyxiation may be challenging if external injuries are missing, and a typical acute emphysema (AE) "disappears" in pre-existing chronic emphysema (CE). Eighty-four autopsy cases were systematically investigated to identify a (histo-) morphological or immunohistochemical marker combination that enables the diagnosis of violent asphyxiation in cases with a pre-existing CE ("AE in CE"). The cases comprised four diagnostic groups, namely "AE", "CE", "acute and chronic emphysema (AE + CE)", and "no emphysema (NE)".

Establishment and Characterization of a Novel Cell Line Derived from a Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Anal Canal.

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs) are biologically aggressive tumors, associated with a very poor survival. Due to their rarity, our knowledge on GEP-NEC biology is very limited. The aim of this study was to establish a GEP-NEC cell line model that might contribute to a better understanding of this rare malignant disease to further develop novel therapeutic approaches in preclinical studies.

Restoration of the joint geometry and outcome after stemless TESS shoulder arthroplasty.

Aim: To evaluate the joint geometry and the clinical outcome of stemless, anatomical shoulder arthroplasty with the TESS system.

Methods: Twenty-one shoulders with a mean follow-up 18 of months were included. On scaled digital radiographs the premorbid center of rotation (CoR) was assessed and compared to the CoR of the prosthesis by using the MediCAD software.

Anatomical versus functional motor points of selected upper body muscles.

Introduction: In this study we aimed to identify nerve entry points (NEPs) of superficial skeletal muscles obtained by dissection of 20 human cadavers and compared them with motor points (MP) obtained previously by electrical stimulation.

Methods: The biceps brachii (BB), trapezius (TZ), latissimus dorsi (LD), pectoralis major (Pmaj), and pectoralis minor (Pmin) muscles were dissected from human cadavers. NEP data (mean ± standard deviation) from each muscle were calculated.

Periprosthetic bone density changes after MiniHip cementless femoral short stem: one-year results of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry study.

Introduction: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the reaction of the femur to the implantation of the MiniHip in terms of: (1) bone density change during one year; (2) correlations between stem length, CCD (caput-collum-diaphyseal), femoral offset, T-value, and bone density; (3) other co-variables that influence the change of bone density.

Patients And Methods: MiniHip implant was performed for 62 patients. The age range of the patients who underwent treatment was 25-78 years.

Short-term results of the reverse Total Evolutive Shoulder System (TESS) in cuff tear arthropathy and revision arthroplasty cases.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of the Total Evolutive Shoulder System (TESS) in patients with cuff tear arthropathy and patients in need of a revision arthroplasty.

Methods: In this sequential study, 67 patients (56 non-stemmed, 11 stemmed) were evaluated after a mean follow-up of 17.5 months.

Surgical treatment in a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome and anterior cervical meningomyelocele: a case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is considered a rare developmental disorder characterized by mono- or multisegmental fusion of the cervical vertebrae which is frequently associated with diverse non-osseous, e.g. neural, visceral, cardiopulmonary and genitourinary development anomalies.

Approach-related lesions of the sympathetic chain in anterior correction and instrumentation of idiopathic scoliosis.

During anterior scoliosis instrumentation with a dual-rod system, the vertebrae are dissected anterolaterally. After surgery, some patients report a change in temperature perception and perspiration in the lower extremities. Sympathetic lesions might be an explanation for this.

Intra-articular meniscoid folds in thoracic zygapophysial joints.

Study Design: A descriptive morphologic anatomic study was performed.

Objective: The study aimed to investigate intra-articular meniscoids (folds) and cartilage quality in the thoracic zygapophysial joints (ZAJs), and to discuss them in the context of possible causes of thoracic back pain.

Summary Of Background Data: The clinical relevance of the intra-articular meniscoid structures described in the cervical and lumbar spine is unclear, particularly in relation to ZAJ blockades.

The effect of dynamic, semi-rigid implants on the range of motion of lumbar motion segments after decompression.

Undercutting decompression is a common surgical procedure for the therapy of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Segmental instability, due to segmental degeneration or iatrogenic decompression is a typical problem that is clinically addressed by fusion, or more recently by semi-rigid stabilization devices. The objective of this experimental biomechanical study was to investigate the influence of spinal decompression alone, as well as in conjunction with two semi-rigid stabilizing implants (Wallis, Dynesys) on the range of motion (ROM) of lumbar spine segments.

The cartilage of the tibiofibular joint: a source for autologous osteochondral grafts without damaging weight-bearing joint surfaces.

Within the past few years, autologous osteochondral transplantation has become an established procedure in the therapy of articular cartilage defects of the knee. One significant disadvantage of this technique is the harvesting of grafts from the weight-bearing area. The tibiofibular articulation is less loaded.

The nerve supply of the human auricle.

Knowledge of the innervation of the outer ear is crucial for surgery in this region. The aim of this study was to describe the system of the auricular nerve supply. On 14 ears of seven cadavers the complete course of the nerve supply was exposed and categorized.