An X-Ray C-Arm Guided Automatic Targeting System for Histotripsy.

Objective: Histotripsy is an emerging noninvasive, nonionizing and nonthermal focal cancer therapy that is highly precise and can create a treatment zone of virtually any size and shape. Current histotripsy systems rely on ultrasound imaging to target lesions. However, deep or isoechoic targets obstructed by bowel gas or bone can often not be treated safely using ultrasound imaging alone.

Prospective Comparison of the Diagnostic Accuracy of MR Imaging versus CT for Acute Appendicitis.

Purpose To compare the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with that of computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in emergency department (ED) patients. Materials and Methods This was an institutional review board-approved, prospective, observational study of ED patients at an academic medical center (February 2012 to August 2014). Eligible patients were nonpregnant and 12- year-old or older patients in whom a CT study had been ordered for evaluation for appendicitis.

Combined gadoxetic acid and gadofosveset enhanced liver MRI for detection and characterization of liver metastases.

Purpose: To compare gadoxetic acid alone and combined gadoxetic acid/gadofosveset trisodium-enhanced liver MRI for detection of metastases and differentiation of metastases from haemangiomas.

Methods: Ninety-one patients underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI before and after additional injection of gadofosveset. First, two readers retrospectively identified metastases on gadoxetic acid alone enhanced delayed hepatobiliary phase T1-weighted images together with all other MR images (dynamic images, T2-weighted images, diffusion-weighted images).

Creation of short microwave ablation zones: in vivo characterization of single and paired modified triaxial antennas.

Purpose: To characterize modified triaxial microwave antennas configured to produce short ablation zones.

Materials And Methods: Fifty single-antenna and 27 paired-antenna hepatic ablations were performed in domestic swine (N = 11) with 17-gauge gas-cooled modified triaxial antennas powered at 65 W from a 2.45-GHz generator.

Microwave ablation of malignant hepatic tumours: intraperitoneal fluid instillation prevents collateral damage and allows more aggressive case selection.

Purpose: Theaim of this peper was to retrospectively review our experience utilising protective fluid instillation techniques during percutaneous microwave ablation of liver tumours to determine if fluid instillation prevents non-target injuries and allows a more aggressive case selection.

Materials And Methods: This institute review board-approved, U.S.

Microwave ablation of hepatic malignancy.

Microwave ablation is an extremely promising heat-based thermal ablation modality that has particular applicability in treating hepatic malignancies. Microwaves can generate very high temperatures in very short time periods, potentially leading to improved treatment efficiency and larger ablation zones. As the available technology continues to improve, microwave ablation is emerging as a valuable alternative to radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of hepatic malignancies.

Liver MRI in the hepatocyte phase with gadolinium-EOB-DTPA: does increasing the flip angle improve conspicuity and detection rate of hypointense lesions?

Purpose: To compare conspicuity and detection rate of hypointense lesions on T1-weighted (T1w) gradient echo (GRE) sequences with low and high flip angles (FA) in hepatocyte phase magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using gadoxetate disodium.

Materials And Methods: This Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant study was Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved. The study population consisted of patients with hypointense liver lesions undergoing MRI with gadoxetate disodium, with hepatocyte-phase fat suppressed 3D T1w GRE sequences at both low (10-12°) and high (30-35°) FA.