Quantifying public and private investment in European biopharmaceutical research and development.

Robust biopharmaceutical research and development (R&D) ecosystems require investment from both the public and private sectors. In Europe, there is an interest in growing biopharmaceutical R&D given its contribution to public health and the economy, which requires an understanding of current public and private investment. In addition, recent European draft legislation has focused on the public sector's contributions to biopharmaceutical R&D to inform pharmaceutical prices.

Assessing the Cost-Effectiveness of Next-Generation Sequencing as a Biomarker Testing Approach in Oncology and Policy Implications: A Literature Review.

Objective: A key hurdle in broader next-generation sequencing (NGS) biomarker testing access in oncology is the ongoing debate on NGS's cost-effectiveness. We conducted a systematic review of existing evidence of the costs of NGS as a biomarker testing strategy in oncology and developed policy suggestions.

Methods: We searched multiple databases for studies reporting cost comparisons and cost-effectiveness of NGS across oncology indications and geographies between 2017 and 2022, inclusive.

Why is the screening rate in lung cancer still low? A seven-country analysis of the factors affecting adoption.

Strong evidence of lung cancer screening's effectiveness in mortality reduction, as demonstrated in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) in the US and the Dutch-Belgian Randomized Lung Cancer Screening Trial (NELSON), has prompted countries to implement formal lung cancer screening programs. However, adoption rates remain largely low. This study aims to understand how lung cancer screening programs are currently performing.

An international comparative analysis and roadmap to sustainable biosimilar markets.

Although biosimilar uptake has increased (at a variable pace) in many countries, there have been recent concerns about the long-term sustainability of biosimilar markets. The aim of this manuscript is to assess the sustainability of policies across the biosimilar life cycle in selected countries with a view to propose recommendations for supporting biosimilar sustainability. The study conducted a comparative analysis across 17 countries from North America, South America, Asia-Pacific, Europe and the Gulf Cooperation Council.

A review of the sustainability of vaccine funding across Europe and implications for post-COVID policymaking.

Background: Approaches to routine vaccine funding and the underlying budget-setting process vary greatly across European countries. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has put enormous pressure on healthcare systems, affecting resilience of the overall vaccine ecosystem.

Methods: This article reviews how vaccine budgets are structured across 8 European countries (England, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Romania, and Spain).

The impact of vaccine procurement methods on public health in selected European countries.

: Across Europe, immunization programs have brought immense benefits to the prevention of infectious diseases. The vaccines used are procured through a variety of models such as tenders and Pricing & Reimbursement. However, to date, the impact of the procurement method on the performance and sustainability of vaccination programs and on public health has received little attention.

Competition between on-patent medicines in Europe.

There is widespread concern regarding the high price of innovative medicines and their impact on the sustainability of healthcare systems. However, the debate rarely accounts for the evolution of prices over the lifetime of the medicine and the impact of competitive forces. This article uses the experience of hepatitis C (HCV), during the years 2010-2017 to examine the impact of in-class competition and implications for policies that enable competition.

Challenging Perceptions About Oncology Product Pricing in Breast and Colorectal Cancer.

Although significant progress has been made in the past decade in the treatment of both common and rare cancers, there has been significant concerns about the cost, and especially the value, of certain new oncology drugs. These concerns touch upon a number of issues regarding the price of these medicines, the value they deliver and the ability of healthcare systems to fund them. This paper looks at these perceptions and the extent to which they apply across different oncology products.