Improved Mechanistic Understanding of Natural Gas Methane Emissions from Spatially Resolved Aircraft Measurements.

Divergence in recent oil and gas related methane emission estimates between aircraft studies (basin total for a midday window) and emissions inventories (annualized regional and national statistics) indicate the need for better understanding the experimental design, including temporal and spatial alignment and interpretation of results. Our aircraft-based methane emission estimates in a major U.S.

Detection and management of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator lead failure: incidence and clinical implications.

Objectives: This study evaluated the long-term reliability of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) lead to determine the incidence, clinical presentation, and management of lead failure.

Background: Despite recent advances in ICD technology, the long-term reliability of ICD leads remains a significant problem.

Methods: Concern about long-term reliability of coaxial polyurethane ICD leads caused us to systematically study all patients implanted with Medtronic (Minneapolis, Minnesota) 6936 lead at our institution.

Inappropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator discharge from sensing of external alternating current leak.

Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are now an accepted and effective therapy for treatment of survivors of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and prevention of SCD in high-risk patients. Normal ICD function and delivery of therapy depends on appropriate sensing and detection of myocardial electrical potentials. Electromagnetic interference resulting in ICD malfunction is a well-documented phenomenon, however, there are less well-known external sources of interference, which may cause life threatening ICD malfunction.