EANM position paper on challenges and opportunities of full-ring 360° CZT bone imaging: it's time to let go of planar whole-body bone imaging.

The introduction of smaller footprint, more sensitive Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride (CZT)-based detectors with improved spatial and energy resolution has enabled the design of innovative full-ring 360° CZT SPECT/CT systems (e.g., VERITON and StarGuide™).

From SPECT/CT towards absolute quantification? - the case of unilateral condylar hyperplasia of the mandible.

Background: Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) of the mandible is a rare condition characterized by asymmetric growth of the mandibular condyles. Bone scintigraphy with SPECT(/CT) is commonly used to diagnose UCH and guide treatment. Still, varying results have been reported using the traditional threshold of 55%:45% in relative tracer uptake.

Trans-cyclooctene-a Swiss army knife for bioorthogonal chemistry: exploring the synthesis, reactivity, and applications in biomedical breakthroughs.

Background: Trans-cyclooctenes (TCOs) are highly strained alkenes with remarkable reactivity towards tetrazines (Tzs) in inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reactions. Since their discovery as bioorthogonal reaction partners, novel TCO derivatives have been developed to improve their reactivity, stability, and hydrophilicity, thus expanding their utility in diverse applications.

Main Body: TCOs have garnered significant interest for their applications in biomedical settings.

Key insights into antiresorptive drug use and osteonecrosis in osteoporotic patients undergoing tooth extractions: A clinical and CBCT assessment.

Unlabelled: This study investigates the effects of antiresorptive drugs and risk factors for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in osteoporotic patients undergoing tooth extraction. Among the findings, antiresorptive-treated patients had thicker lamina dura and longer healing times. Additionally, corticosteroid intake and multi-rooted teeth carried a higher osteonecrosis risk.

Assessment of regional and total skeletal metabolism using F-NaF PET/CT in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objective: The study aims to assess regional and total bone metabolic activity in patients with chronic kidney disease using Na[F]F PET and correlation between semi-quantitative indices and blood parameters.

Methods: Seventy-two subjects (mean age 61.8 ± 13.

Navigating the complexities and controversies of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ): a critical update and consensus statement.

Objectives: To provide a critical update identifying the knowledge gaps and controversies in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) within the Belgian healthcare context and outline opportunities for improvement and research in these areas.

Methods: A literature review was performed to identify guidelines from international clinical societies in oncology or oral and maxillofacial surgery on diagnosing, preventing, and treating MRONJ. The recommendations were critically assessed in light of recent developments in the field and confronted with the clinical experience of experts.

Three-dimensional clinical assessment for MRONJ risk in oncologic patients following tooth extractions.

Objectives: To identify clinical and local radiographic predictors for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) by the assessment of pre-operative CBCT images of oncologic patients treated with anti-resorptive drugs (ARDs) undergoing tooth extractions.

Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal, case-control study included clinical and imaging data of 97 patients, divided into study and control group. Patients in the study group ( = 47; 87 tooth extractions) had received at least one dose of ARD, undergone tooth extraction(s), and had a pre-operative CBCT.

How does the clinical and tomographic appearance of MRONJ influences its treatment prognosis?

Objectives: To identify clinical and tomographic prognostic factors for conservative and surgical treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ).

Methods: A retrospective search identified patients treated with antiresorptive drugs (ARDs), diagnosed with Stage 1, 2 or 3 MRONJ, and having CBCT scans previous to conservative or surgical treatment. Following data collection, imaging assessment of the following parameters on each MRONJ site was performed: involvement of teeth and/or implants, presence of osteosclerosis, osteolysis, sequestrum formation, periosteal reaction, and pathological fractures.

First-in-human study of a novel cell death tracer [Tc]Tc-Duramycin: safety, biodistribution and radiation dosimetry in healthy volunteers.

Background: Imaging of cell death can provide an early indication of treatment response in cancer. [Tc]Tc-Duramycin is a small-peptide SPECT tracer that recognizes both apoptotic and necrotic cells by binding to phosphatidylethanolamine present in the cell membrane. Preclinically, this tracer has shown to have favorable pharmacokinetics and selective tumor accumulation early after the onset of anticancer therapy.

Site-specific Ga-labeled nanobody for PET imaging of CD70 expression in preclinical tumor models.

Background: CD70-CD27 is a costimulatory ligand-receptor pair in the tumor necrosis factor receptor family. With only limited expression in normal tissues, CD70 is constitutively expressed in a variety of solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, facilitating immunosuppression through CD27 signaling in the tumor microenvironment by enhanced survival of regulatory T cells, induction of T cell apoptosis, and T cell exhaustion. Consequently, CD70 is an increasingly recognized target for developing antibody-based therapies, but its expression patterns vary among different tumor types in spatial distribution, magnitude of expression and percentage of positive cells.

Risk of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw after dental extractions in patients receiving antiresorptive agents - A retrospective study of 240 patients.

This study investigated the incidence, risk factors, and outcome of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw after dental extractions in patients receiving antiresorptive agents for osteoporosis or bone metastases. 240 patients with a median drug exposure of 43 months were retrospectively studied. The incidence of MRONJ after dental extraction in the osteoporosis cohort was 2.

Local radiographic risk factors for MRONJ in osteoporotic patients undergoing tooth extraction.

Objective: To identify local radiographic risk factors for Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) in osteoporotic patients treated with antiresorptive drugs (ARD) and undergoing tooth extraction.

Material And Methods: Patients were included in this retrospective, longitudinal, case-control study, if having at least one administration of ARD, underwent tooth extraction(s), and had pre- and post-operative panoramic radiographs. Additionally, a matched control group was selected.

F-FDG and F-FLT Uptake Profiles for Breast Cancer Cell Lines Treated with Targeted PI3K/Akt/mTOR Therapies.

To evaluate F-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (F-FDG) and F-fluorothymidine (F-FLT) as early-response biomarkers for phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt/mammalian-target-of-rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) inhibition in breast cancer (BC) models. Two human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive (trastuzumab-sensitive SKBR3; trastuzumab-resistant JIMT1) and one triple-negative BC cell line (MDA-MB-231, trastuzumab, and everolimus resistant) were treated with trastuzumab (HER2 antagonist), PIK90 (PI3K inhibitor), or everolimus (mTOR inhibitor). Radiotracer uptake was measured before, 24, and 72 h after drug exposure and correlated with changes in cell number, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), cell cycle phase, and downstream signaling activation.

EANM practice guideline for quantitative SPECT-CT.

Purpose: Quantitative SPECT-CT is a modality of growing importance with initial developments in post radionuclide therapy dosimetry, and more recent expansion into bone, cardiac and brain imaging together with the concept of theranostics more generally. The aim of this document is to provide guidelines for nuclear medicine departments setting up and developing their quantitative SPECT-CT service with guidance on protocols, harmonisation and clinical use cases.

Methods: These practice guidelines were written by members of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine Physics, Dosimetry, Oncology and Bone committees representing the current major stakeholders in Quantitative SPECT-CT.

Convolutional neural network for automated classification of osteonecrosis and related mandibular trabecular patterns.

Objective: The present study aimed to develop and validate a tool for the automated classification of normal, affected, and osteonecrosis mandibular trabecular bone patterns in panoramic radiographs using convolutional neural networks (CNNs).

Methods: A dataset of 402 panoramic images from 376 patients was selected, comprising 112 control radiographs from healthy patients and 290 images from patients treated with antiresorptive drugs (ARD). The latter was subdivided in 70 radiographs showing thickening of the lamina dura, 128 with abnormal bone patterns, and 92 images of clinically diagnosed osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ).

Long-term clinical results from 10 years follow-up after radiosynoviorthesis: a prospective observational study.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the long-term anti-inflammatory effect and safety of 90-Yttrium and 166-Holmium radiosynoviorthesis (RSO) for treating chronic knee synovitis of various origins.

Methods: A total of 820 patients were included in this study and were followed up to 10 years after the procedure for objective and subjective changes in signs and symptoms of inflammation.

Results: Five years after RSO, excellent and good results were seen in 71% (95% CI 67-74%) of patients.

Prospective study of Na[F]F PET/CT for cancer staging in morbidly obese patients compared with [Tc]Tc-MDP whole-body planar, SPECT and SPECT/CT.

Purpose: This prospective study aims to assess the diagnostic test characteristics of Na[F]F PET/CT for the skeletal staging of cancer in morbidly obese patients compared with Tc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP), whole-body planar (WBS), SPECT, and SPECT/CT acquisitions.

Material And Methods: One hundred seventeen obese patients (BMI 46.5 ± 6.

Dual time point imaging in locally advanced head and neck cancer to assess residual nodal disease after chemoradiotherapy.

Background: FDG-PET/CT has a high negative predictive value to detect residual nodal disease in patients with locally advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer after completing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). However, the positive predictive value remains suboptimal due to inflammation after radiotherapy, generating unnecessary further investigations and possibly even surgery. We report the results of a preplanned secondary end point of the ECLYPS study regarding the potential advantages of dual time point FDG-PET/CT imaging (DTPI) in this setting.

Improved Characteristics of RANKL Immuno-PET Imaging Using Radiolabeled Antibody Fab Fragments.

Purpose: RANKL expression in the tumor microenvironment has been identified as a biomarker of immune suppression, negating the effect of some cancer immunotherapies. Previously we had developed a radiotracer based on the FDA-approved RANKL-specific antibody denosumab, [Zr]Zr-DFO-denosumab, enabling successful immuno-PET imaging. Radiolabeled denosumab, however, showed long blood circulation and delayed tumor uptake, potentially limiting its applications.

Radionuclide Imaging of Cytotoxic Immune Cell Responses to Anti-Cancer Immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy is an evolving and promising cancer treatment that takes advantage of the body's immune system to yield effective tumor elimination. Importantly, immunotherapy has changed the treatment landscape for many cancers, resulting in remarkable tumor responses and improvements in patient survival. However, despite impressive tumor effects and extended patient survival, only a small proportion of patients respond, and others can develop immune-related adverse events associated with these therapies, which are associated with considerable costs.

Positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging as a research tool in musculoskeletal conditions.

Compared to positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), the uptake of PET- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been slow, even more so in clinical practice compared to the (pre-)clinical research setting. However, for applications in musculoskeletal (MSK) research, the combination of PET and MRI into a single modality offers attractive advantages over other imaging modalities. Most importantly, MRI has exquisite soft-tissue detail without the use of contrast agents or ionizing radiation, superior bone marrow visualization, and an extensive spectrum of distinct multiparametric assessment methods.