Publications by authors named "Tim T Werner"
Byproduct-to-Host Ratios for Assessing the Accessibility of Mineral Resources.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
Mineral resources are essential for reaching net-zero ambitions by 2050. There is a rising diversity of metals in electricity generation and storage technologies, as well as for mobility technologies. However, little is known about the future supply of minor elements historically mined in low volumes such as indium, tellurium, germanium, or tantalum.
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- Coal mining significantly affects both the environment and the lives of people living near mining sites, especially in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, where the study is focused.
- Researchers used remote sensing, GIS, and stakeholder interviews to analyze the effects of coal mining, specifically tracking issues like land clearing, water coverage, and safety risks linked to mining permits.
- Findings indicate that poor governance and inadequate monitoring have resulted in severe consequences, including deforestation, settlement conflicts, regulatory violations, and human fatalities, raising concerns about sustainability and human rights in the global coal supply chain.
Indium is a specialty metal crucial for modern technology, yet it is potentially critical due to its byproduct status in mining. Measures to reduce its criticality typically focus on improving its recycling efficiency at end-of-life. This study quantifies primary and secondary indium resources ("stocks") for Australia through a dynamic material-flow analysis.
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