Effect of Preoperative Body Composition on Postoperative Anastomotic Leakage in Oncological Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy-A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Surgery for esophageal cancer has an associated high rate of postoperative complications such as anastomotic leakage (AL) and fistulas. Pre-operative sarcopenia as a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function is identified as a potential prognostic factor in determining the outcomes of oncological surgical resections for esophageal cancers. In this study, we evaluated the impact of body composition on postoperative complications in esophageal cancer surgery.

Reduction of Postoperative Complications in Pancreatic Surgery by Standardizing Perioperative Management: An Observational Cohort Study.

Introduction: Resection for pancreatic malignancy remains the gold standard for cure. Postoperative morbidity continues to be high even after technical innovations. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a standard perioperative pancreatic oncological surgery step-by-step protocol in reducing organ-specific complications.

Current clinical practices of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Treatment of peritoneal surface malignancies makes physicians face demanding and new-fangled problems, as there are many uncertain aspects considering the outcomes of affected patients' prognoses. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are associated with favorable long-term outcomes in carefully selected patients with peritoneal metastases (PM). We aim to summarize the current results about the initial malignancies and their peritoneal spreads.

Anastomotic leakage following cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for colorectal cancer: A clinical cohort study.

Background: Extended oncological resections for colorectal cancer surgery are associated with a high rate of complications, especially anastomotic leakage (AL). This study determines the incidence of risk factors for postoperative complications following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: In this cohort study, the clinical data of all patients with CRC, treated with CRS and HIPEC, from 2011 to 2021 was analyzed.

Prolonged hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy duration with 90 minutes cisplatin might increase overall survival in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastases.

Background: Advanced gastric cancer with synchronous peritoneal metastases (GC-PM) is associated with a poor prognosis. Although cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) is a promising approach, only a limited number of Western studies exist.

Aim: To investigate the clinicopathological outcomes of patients who underwent CRS-HIPEC for GC-PM.

The role of prophylactic administration of CPAP in general surgical wards after open visceral surgery in reducing postoperative pneumonia-a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Postoperative pneumonia is a main adverse event that causes increased postoperative morbidity and prolonged length of hospital stay leading to high postoperative mortality. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a type of non-invasive ventilation for the delivery of a positive airway pressure during respiration. In this study, we evaluated the impact of postoperative prophylactic CPAP on prevention of pneumonia in patients after open visceral surgery.

Safety profile of a multimodal fail-safe model to minimize postoperative complications in oncologic colorectal resections-a cohort study.

Background: Despite innovations in surgical techniques, major complications following colorectal surgery still lead to a significant morbidity and mortality. There is no standard protocol for perioperative management of patients with colorectal cancer. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a multimodal fail-safe model in minimizing severe surgical complications following colorectal resections.

Cellular and Humoral Immune Response to a Third Dose of BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine - A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Since the introduction of various vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 at the end of 2020, infection rates have continued to climb worldwide. This led to the establishment of a third dose vaccination in several countries, known as a booster. To date, there has been little real-world data about the immunological effect of this strategy.

Short-Term Drop in Antibody Titer after the Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Vaccine in Adults.

Little is known about the longevity of antibodies after a third dose of the mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer, Mainz, Germany). Therefore, serum antibody levels were evaluated after a third dose of BNT162b2 in healthy adult healthcare workers in Germany. These antibody levels dropped significantly within a short period of 11 weeks from 4155.

Intraoperative Colonic Irrigation for Low Rectal Resections With Primary Anastomosis: A Fail-Safe Surgical Model.

Aim: Regardless the technological developments in surgery, the anastomotic leakage (AL) rate of low rectal anastomosis remains high. Though various perioperative protocols have been tested to reduce the risk for AL, there is no standard peri-operative management approach in rectal surgery. We aim to assess the short-term outcome of a multidisciplinary approach to reduce the rates of ALs using a fail-safe-model using preoperative and intraoperative colonic irrigation in low rectal resections with primary anastomosis.

Persistence of Immune Response in Health Care Workers After Two Doses BNT162b2 in a Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: The mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 of BioNTech/Pfizer has shown high efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infection and a severe course of the COVID-19 disease. However, little is known about the long-term durability of the induced immune response resulting from the vaccination.

Methods: In a longitudinal observational study in employees at a German hospital we compared the humoral and cellular immune response in 184 participants after two doses of the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine (BNT162b2) with a mid-term follow-up after 9 months.

Quality of Life in Patients With Rectal Resections and End-to-End Primary Anastomosis Using a Standardized Perioperative Pathway.

Lower rectal resection is associated with a high rate of postoperative complications and, therefore, adversely impacts the postoperative health-related quality of life (QoL). Though sporadically practiced in different centers, there is no standard perioperative protocol for the management of patients with rectal growths. The aim of this analysis is to evaluate the patient-reported outcomes after low rectal resections followed by an end-to-end-reconstruction and temporary covering ileostomy using a multidisciplinary fail-safe-concept.

SARS-CoV-2-antibody response in health care workers after vaccination or natural infection in a longitudinal observational study.

Background: Following a year of development, several vaccines have been approved to contain the global COVID-19 pandemic. Real world comparative data on immune response following vaccination or natural infection are rare.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal observational study in employees at a secondary care hospital affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Half-Year Longitudinal Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2-Antibodies and Rule Compliance in German Hospital Employees.

COVID-19, which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, is an occupational health risk, especially for healthcare employees due to their higher exposure and consequently higher risk of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections. This study was designed to determine the longitudinal seroprevalence of specific immunoglobulin-G (IgG) antibodies in employees in a hospital setting. All employees in a secondary care hospital, including healthcare and non-healthcare workers, were invited to participate in this single-center study.

Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after surgical resections for esophageal cancer.

Purpose: Surgery for esophageal cancer is a challenging procedure that is associated with a high rate of complications such as sepsis, nutritional disorders, and anastomotic leakage (AL). The rate of complications following esophageal surgery rises exponentially in the presence of risk factors. This study aims to identify the risk factors for AL following esophageal cancer surgery.

Prospective Sero-epidemiological Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 among Health Care Workers in a German Secondary Care Hospital.

Objectives: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the pulmonary disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, which has challenged health care facilities worldwide. The sustainability of health care systems is largely reliant on the health status of their health care workers (HCW). This study aimed to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus and specific antibodies among HCWs in a German hospital as a model system for the potential spread of the pandemic.

Surgical outcome of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bariatric procedures are considered superior to medical therapies in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) are the most commonly used procedures for weight loss and comorbidity resolution worldwide. However, it is not yet known whether the degree of T2DM is influenced by the choice of bariatric procedure.

Giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma: A case report and literature review.

Retroperitoneal liposarcomas are a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal tumours that have a wide spectrum of histological subtypes and vague clinical presentations. Herein, we present the case of a 75-year-old man with anorexia, weight loss of 7 kg, and a growing abdominal circumference within a span of 6 weeks. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis showed a large mass that filled almost the entire abdominal cavity.

Effectiveness of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity in achieving weight loss outcomes.

Objective: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) are commonly performed weight loss procedures worldwide. Unfortunately, few studies have compared percentage total weight loss (%TWL) following these procedures. This research compared short-term, mid-term and long-term %TWL by LRYGB and LSG.

Everolimus Improves Microcirculatory Derangements in Experimental Postischemic Pancreatitis Modulating the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Interleukin 6, and Toll-Like Receptor 4.

Objectives: Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of the pancreas is a serious complication following pancreatic transplantation and hemorrhagic shock. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of the potent mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor everolimus interfering via microvascular permeability changing key proteins hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and vascular endothelial growth factor on pancreatic IRI-induced microvascular disturbances.

Methods: Anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 3 groups (n = 7/group): (1) sham, (2) 60-minute ischemia/reperfusion of the pancreas (I/R), and (3) I/R and everolimus (10 mg/kg BW orally).

A registry-based study of thyroid paraganglioma: histological and genetic characteristics.

The precise diagnosis of thyroid neoplasias will guide surgical management. Primary thyroid paraganglioma has been rarely reported. Data on prevalence, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and molecular genetics in a systematic series of such patients are pending.

Cytokine and radical inhibition in septic intestinal barrier failure.

Background: Breakdown of the intestinal barrier is a driving force of sepsis and multiple organ failure. Radical scavengers or cytokine inhibitors may have a therapeutic impact on intestinal failure. Therapeutic effects on different sites of small intestine and colon have not been compared.

Effects of hydroxyethyl starch and cell-free hemoglobin on microcirculation, tissue oxygenation, and survival in severe acute porcine pancreatitis: results of a randomized experimental trial.

Objective: Severe acute pancreatitis is a life-threatening disease with a high mortality; so far, no causal treatment is known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and cell-free hemoglobin in an experimental model.

Methods: Thirty-nine pigs were randomly assigned into 3 groups.

Effects of thoracic epidural anesthesia on survival and microcirculation in severe acute pancreatitis: a randomized experimental trial.

Introduction: Severe acute pancreatitis is still a potentially life threatening disease with high mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of thoracic epidural anaesthesia (TEA) on survival, microcirculation, tissue oxygenation and histopathologic damage in an experimental animal model of severe acute pancreatitis in a prospective animal study.

Methods: In this study, 34 pigs were randomly assigned into 2 treatment groups.

Complementary use of fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging of metastatic esophageal cancer in a novel orthotopic mouse model.

We describe the development of an aggressive orthotopic metastatic model of esophageal cancer, which is visualized in real time with combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence imaging. The aim of the study was to describe the development of a novel model of metastatic tumor disease of esophageal carcinoma and use this model to evaluate fluorescence and MRI in early detection of local and metastatic disease. The human esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line PT1590 was stably transfected with green fluorescent protein (GFP).